Study on Side Collision of Battery Boxes Based on HyperWorks

To effectively improve the safety of battery boxes in side collision of electric vehicles, two measures are proposed: Firstly spread the boss evenly around the battery box. Secondly the upper and lower parts of the battery box are matched with the convex heads and groove structure. The finite element models of the battery boxes before and after the optimization, the vehicle and the movable barrier are established in this paper. According to the collision regulations, the side collision simulation of the vehicle body is carried out. The changes of the stress, deformation and lateral acceleration of the battery boxes are analyzed. The effectiveness of the measures is verified. The extrusion models of the battery boxes are established. The deformation and the changes of the internal energy of the battery boxes are analyzed. The effectiveness of the measures is verified again.

Peculiarities of damages of drivers and passengers in cars of class D in a side impact

Aim of the study - to establish features of damage of the driver and the passenger in salon of the car of a class D at side collision. Material and methods. Cases of road accidents were analyzed from 2008 to 2021 in Zhytomyr, Rivne, Volyn regions of Ukraine. Side impact (right and left) with the fatal outcome of the driver and front passenger of class D cars were considered in the case of an automobile injury. We used general scientific and special methods, namely system-structural analysis, observation, comparison, description. Additionally, a forensic examination of the damage was carried out. Statistical analysis included primary data processing using descriptive statistics and testing the null hypothesis by multivariate analysis.Results. We identified characteristics of damage to the driver and passenger in a side impact. They were different and characterized by dependence on the right or left side of the collision.Conclusions. The resulting set of injuries witch characterize a driver or passenger of class D cars in left and right impact can be used to identify them in a forensic medical examination.

Impact Energy Absorption Capability of Polygonal Cross-Section Thin-Walled Beams under Lateral Impact

The continuing efforts of automotive technology aim to deliver even greater safety benefits and reduce the weight of a vehicle. Thin-walled beams (TWB) are widely used as strengtheners or energy absorbers in vehicle bodies due to their lightweight and excellent energy absorption capacity. Thus, researchers are interested in the collapse behaviour and mechanical properties of thin-walled beams under static and dynamic loadings. Circular TWB is commonly used in vehicle side doors. In the event of a side collision, this beam deforms and absorbs the greatest amount of impact energy. In this study, the energy absorption capability and crashworthiness of polygonal cross-section TWBs subjected to lateral impact was investigated using numerical simulations. Polygonal TWB ranging from square to dodecagon, as well as circular cross section, were selected for this study. Energy absorption (EA), specific energy absorption (SEA) and crash force efficiency (CFE) crashworthiness indicators are employed to evaluate the bending collapse performance. Because TWB thickness and weight have a greater impact on bending performance, they were kept constant across all polygons. In ABAQUS explicit dynamic software, finite element simulations are performed, and plastic hinges and flattening patterns of all polygons are examined. The results show that heptagon, octagon, and nonagon cross-section TWB perform better in crashworthiness than square and circular TWB.

Sistem Pendeteksi Kecelakaan Kendaraan Bermotor Menggunakan Arduino Dan Smartphone Android

- Many motor vehicle accidents occur in Indonesia. One of the factors causing the high number of accidents is the large number of motorized vehicle users. Accident reporting is currently still hampered by reporting. This research creates an accident reporting system that is fast and automatic to a web server. This study aims to create a system that can report accident locations. Next, the preparation of the machine condition status detection device. And the web server receives the coordinates of the crash site. This system combines an android smart phone with an Arduino microcontroller. In this research, the voltage sensor is used to overcome the motor vehicle battery voltage. Machine condition data transmission status from device to android smart phone using bluetooth HC-05. Accelerometer and GPS sensors on android smartphones are used to check acceleration and location coordinates during an accident. This study uses 4 vehicle conditions while moving. Vehicle traveling normally, sudden brake, front collision and side collision. The speed limit value used in this study is 19.04 m / s2 or 1.94 g. Based on the research results, when the vehicle is running normally there is no significant change in the value of acceleration. In a sudden brake condition, the Y axis of the acceleration sensor decreases in value until the acceleration value is negative. In the hit-front condition, the Y-axis value has increased significantly. Meanwhile, in a side hit condition, the value of the X and Y axes has increased significantly. The front and side crash conditions were tested 10 times each. Front hit conditions were identified as accidents by 80%. While the side hit condition was identified as an accident as much as 100%. Keywords: sensor, accelerometer, accident, GPS, Android smart phone.

ANALISIS KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS STUDI KASUS JALAN RAYA PANTURA TUBAN-WIDANG KM 0,00-KM 29,00

Abstrak: Metode deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik kecelakaan lalu lintas berdasarkan data sekunder tahun 2015-2018 dan penentuan lokasi blackspot dengan mengacu pada pedoman Pd-T-09-2004-B dan Metode Cummulative Summary. Metode Inferensial berupa uji korelasi dan regresi untuk mendapatkan hubungan antara kecepatan 85 persentil dengan kecelakaan serta mendapatkan model persamaan yang terbaik pada kendaraan antara sepeda motor, kendaraan ringan, dan kendaraan berat yang menyebabkan kecelakaan.Hasil penelitian menunjukaan bahwa karakteristik kecelakaan berdasarkan angka kecelakaan paling banyak terjadi pada tahun 2016 (159 kecelakaan), tipe kendaraan yang paling sering terlibat adalah sepeda motor (54.02 persen), korban kecelakaan yang paling banyak adalah luka ringan (81,78 persen), waktu kejadian yang paling sering pagi hari (32,16 persen), hari yang paling sering terjadi adalah hari Kamis (15,52 persen), usia dan jenis kelamin yang paling sering adalah laki-laki (73,98 persen) dan usia 15-30 tahun (48,73 persen), tipe kecelakaan yang sering terjadi adalah tabrak depan-samping (28,68 persen), faktor penyebab yang paling sering terjadi adalah faktor pengemudi (91,56 persen). Penentuan lokasi daerah rawan kecelakaan terletak pada STA 89+000-88+000, STA 87+000-86+000, STA 86+000-85+000, STA 84+000-83+000, STA 79+000-78+000, STA 78+000-77+000, STA 74+000-73+000, dan STA 72+000-71+000. Analisis hubungan antara kecepatan dengan kecelakaan pada lokasi blackspot memiliki hubungan kategori kuat adalah kendaraan sepeda motor dengan interval 0.60 hingga 0.80. dengan model persamaan terbaik yaitu model polynomial orde 3 Y sama dengan -871,61+29,294x- 0,346x2 + 0,001x3 didapatkan nilai r: 0,839 dan R2: 0,705 (70,5 persen) dengan kecepatan rata-rata kendaraan sepeda motor diatas 80 km/jam. sedangkan untuk kendaraan ringan dan kendaraan berat mempunyai hubungan kategori sedang dengan interval 0.40 hingga 0.60 dengan R2 untuk LV sama dengan 0,435 dan R2 untuk HV sama dengan 0,377 dibawah 0,60 sehingga tidak dapat digeneralisasikan bahwa kecepatan berpengaruh terhadap kecelakaan.Kata-kata kunci: kecelakaan lalu lintas, kecepatan, black spot, cumulative summary,regresiAbstract: A descriptive method to describe the characteristics of traffic accidents based on secondary data for 2015-2018 and determining the location of blackspots by referring to the Pd-T-09-2004-B guidelines and the Cummulative Summary Method. The inferential method is in the form of correlation and regression tests to get the relationship between the 85th percentile speed with accidents and to get the best equation model for vehicles between motorcycles, light vehicles, and heavy vehicles that cause accidents.The results showed that the characteristics of accidents based on the number of accidents most occurred in 2016 (159 accidents), the type of vehicle that was most often involved was motorcycles (54.02 percent), the most accident victims were minor injuries (81.78 percent), time the most frequent occurrence is in the morning (32.16 percent), the most frequent day is Thursday (15.52 percent), the most frequent age and gender are male (73.98 percent) and age 15-30 years (48.73 percent), the type of accident that often occurs is a front-side collision (28.68 percent), the most common cause is the driver factor (91.56 percent). Determination of the location of accident-prone areas is located at STA 89+000-88+000, STA 87+000-86+000, STA 86+000-85+000, STA 84+000-83+000, STA 79+000-78+ 000, STA 78+000-77+000, STA 74+000-73+000, and STA 72+000-71+000. Analysis of the relationship between speed and accidents at the blackspot location has a strong category relationship is a motorcycle vehicle with an interval of 0.60 r 0.80. with the best equation model, namely the polynomial model of order 3 Y equals to -871.61+29.294x- 0.346x2 + 0.001x3 the value of r = 0.839 and R2 is 0.705 (70.5 percent) with an average speed of motorcycles above 80 km /hour. while for light vehicles and heavy vehicles there is a moderate category relationship with an interval of 0.40 to 0.60 with R2 for LV is 0.435 and R2 for HV is 0.377 below 0.60 so it cannot be generalized that speed affects accidents.Keywords: traffic accident, speed, black spot, cumulative summary, regression

Novel Time-Delay Side-Collision Warning Model at Non-Signalized Intersections Based on Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication

In complex traffic environments, collision warning systems that rely only on in-vehicle sensors are limited in accuracy and range. Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication systems, however, offer more robust information exchange, and thus, warnings. In this study, V2I was used to analyze side-collision warning models at non-signalized intersections: A novel time-delay side-collision warning model was developed according to the motion compensation principle. This novel time-delay model was compared with and verified against a traditional side-collision warning model. Using a V2I-oriented simulated driving platform, three vehicle-vehicle collision scenarios were designed at non-signalized intersections. Twenty participants were recruited to conduct simulated driving experiments to test and verify the performance of each collision warning model. The results showed that compared with no warning system, both side-collision warning models reduced the proportion of vehicle collisions. In terms of efficacy, the traditional model generated an effective warning in 84.2% of cases, while the novel time-delay model generated an effective warning in 90.2%. In terms of response time and conflict time difference, the traditional model gave a longer response time of 0.91 s (that of the time-delay model is 0.78 s), but the time-delay model reduced the driving risk with a larger conflict time difference. Based on an analysis of driver gaze change post-warning, the statistical results showed that the proportion of effective gaze changes reached 84.3%. Based on subjective evaluations, drivers reported a higher degree of acceptance of the time-delay model. Therefore, the time-delay side-collision warning model for non-signalized intersections proposed herein can improve the applicability and efficacy of warning systems in such complex traffic environments and provide reference for safety applications in V2I systems.

Study on application of MSOT method for lightweight design of automobile body structure

In this study, the integrated MSOT (M-Multi-dimensional factor autobody model, S-Screening autobody component, O-Optimization of plate thickness, T-Testing, and validation) integration method is adopted to optimize the automobile body structure design for weight reduction. First, a multi-dimensional factor body model is established, then components of the vehicle are screened for the most important targets related to weight reduction and performance, and a multi-objective optimization is performed. Virtual experiments were carried out to validate the analysis and the MSOT method were proposed for lightweight design of the automobile body structure. A multi-dimensional performance model that considers stiffness, modality, strength, frontal offset collision, and side collision of a domestic passenger car body structure. Components affecting the weight of the vehicle were identified. Sheet metal thickness was selected as the main optimization target and a multi-objective optimization was carried out. Finally, simulations were performed on the body structure. The comprehensive performance, in terms of fatigue strength, frontal offset collision safety, and side collision safety, was verified using the optimized Pareto solution set. The results show that the established MSOT method can be used to comprehensively explore the weight reduction of the body structure, shorten the development process, and reduce development costs.

Influence on The Level Riders Motorcycle Accident Traffic with Traffic Methods of Conflict Technique (TCT) (Case Study: Jalan Raya Narogong Bekasi City)

The increasing number of traffic accidents can be caused by drivers, vehicles, highways, and the environment. In Indonesia, traffic accidents become one of the problems in the transportation sector. Prevention is done during this time to anticipate accidents only based on the data of the accident quantity that has occurred. Though factors or incidents that can cause accidents to become the biggest contributor in the event of accidents. For example, driving a vehicle in an unorderly manner, the pace of the vehicle with the above-average velocity set traffic rules, and sudden vehicle maneuvers. This research is done by identifying and analyzing the behavior of motorcyclists who affect accidents and applying TCT methods to observation data at points that become potential locations Against accidents. The research location is on the Narogong Highway which is divided into 2 segments. In Segment 1 begins at junction four Cipendawa (after the flyover Simpang Cipendawa) until the junction of the three Gg. Sawo (Bantar Gebang Market). Next, in Segment 2 starts from junction three of Gg. Sawo (Bantar Gebang Market) until the three houses of Vida housing. The results showed that the research location had potential that could cause the accident to be front-side on the first order, collision front-front on the second-order, and side-by-side collision on the third order. The speed of vehicles has an impact on accidents.

Parameters Affecting the Specific Energy Absorption of Circular Side Impact Beam

In vehicle design, safety of occupants is one of the most important criteria. During side collisions, space between vehicle body and occupants is very less as compared to frontal collision. Hence, scope for energy absorption due to deformation of vehicle body in side collisions is less. The strength of side door plays important role in the framework of vehicle side body. The strength of side doors during side collision depends upon the impact beam, vehicle construction, layout of doors etc. Among the mentioned parameters, strength of impact beam is a crucial parameter. The impact beam absorbs notable amount of impact energy by deforming during side collision. Design of side impact beam should be optimum as it is limited by weight of vehicle. Parameters like material, dimensions, shape and mountings of beam inside the door are affecting the strength of side impact beam. In this work parameters of circular cross-section impact beam like diameter of beam, thickness of beam and angle of mounting inside the door are studied. Finite element simulation of side impact beam is done in ABAQUS software and its relative effects on Specific Energy Absorption (SEA) capacity of beam is studied. The simulation results are validated with available literatures. The ANOVA analysis followed by Design of Experiments is used to determine contribution of each parameter on SEA. Further various parameters of circular impact beam are studied by examining the result analysis for crashworthiness of side door.