scholarly journals Employment of Young Adult Cancer Caregivers, Other Disease Caregivers, and Non-Caregiving Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7452
Author(s):  
Echo L. Warner ◽  
Andrew R. Wilson ◽  
Jessica G. Rainbow ◽  
Lee Ellington ◽  
Anne C. Kirchhoff
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Adjusted Incidence Rate ◽  
Cancer Caregivers ◽  
Employment Goals ◽  
Caregiving Roles ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Young Adult Cancer

Young adults are increasingly taking on caregiving roles in the United States, and cancer caregivers often experience a greater burden than other caregivers. An unexpected caregiving role may disrupt caregiver employment, leading to lost earning potential and workforce re-entry challenges. We examined caregiving employment among young adult caregivers (i.e., family or friends) using the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), which included caregiving, employment, and sociodemographic variables. Respondents’ ages varied between 18 and 39, and they were categorized as non-caregivers (n = 16,009), other caregivers (n = 3512), and cancer caregivers (n = 325). Current employment was compared using Poisson regressions to estimate adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), including gender-stratified models. We estimated employment by cancer caregiving intensity (low, moderate, high). Cancer caregivers at all other income levels were more likely to be employed than those earning below USD 20,000 (aIRR ranged: 1.88–2.10, all p< 0.015). Female cancer caregivers who were 25–29 (aIRR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51–1.00) and single (aIRR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.52–0.95) were less likely to be employed than their counterparts. College-educated males were 19% less likely to be employed than high school-educated caregivers (95% CI = 0.68–0.98). Evaluating caregiver employment goals and personal financial situations may help identify those at risk for employment detriments, especially among females, those with lower educational attainment, and those earning below USD 20,000 annually.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Blood Stool Test Utilization for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Georgia, USA

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Ansa ◽  
Nicollette Lewis ◽  
Zachary Hoffman ◽  
Biplab Datta ◽  
J. Aaron Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
And Control

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States (USA). Early screening has been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes for CRC. Assessing patterns in CRC screening utilization is important for guiding policy and implementing programs for CRC prevention and control. This study examines the trends and sociodemographic factors associated with blood stool test utilization (BSTU) for CRC screening in Georgia, USA. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were analyzed for Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in BSTU between 1997 and 2014 among adults aged 50+ who have had a blood stool test within the past two years, and logistic regression analysis of the 2016 data was performed to identify the associated sociodemographic factors. In Georgia, an overall decrease was observed in BSTU, from 27.8% in 1997 to 16.1% in 2014 (AAPC = −2.6, p = 0.023). The decrease in BSTU was less pronounced in Georgia than nationally (from 26.1% in 1997 to 12.8% in 2014 (AAPC = −4.5, p < 0.001)). BSTU was significantly associated with black race/ethnicity (Black vs. White (aOR = 1.43, p = 0.015)), older age (≥70 vs. 50–59 (aOR = 1.62, p = 0.006)), having insurance coverage (no vs. yes (aOR = 0.37 p = 0.005)), and lower income (≥USD 50,000 vs. <USD 25,000 (aOR = 0.70 p = 0.050)). These findings reveal a decrease over time in BSTU in Georgia, with existing differences between sociodemographic groups. Understanding these patterns helps in directing tailored programs for promoting CRC screening, especially among disadvantaged populations.

scholarly journals Centralizing Temporality in Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivorship

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Tindle ◽  
Carol Windsor ◽  
Patsy Yates
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Cancer Survivorship ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Care Models ◽  
Young Survivors ◽  
Young Adult Cancer

Drawing on Gadamer’s hermeneutic philosophy, this article presents a key outcome of broader research into the phenomenon of adolescent and young adult cancer survivorship. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews with 45 participants from Australia, England, and the United States. The participants received a cancer diagnosis between the ages of 15 and 29 years and were aged 18 to 40 years at the time of interview. The key analytical finding depicts the concept of time as central to the experiences in survivorship. Altered beliefs in temporal progression and biographical chronology affected the organization of time, the structuring and value of life events, and the use of time as a resource. The significance of temporality in young survivors’ experiences warrants its centrality in the design of survivorship care models that reflect a broader understanding of the life experiences of this population.

Young adult cancer caregivers' use of social media for social support

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1185-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Echo L. Warner ◽  
Anne C. Kirchhoff ◽  
Lee Ellington ◽  
Austin R. Waters ◽  
Ye Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Cancer Caregivers ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Young Adult Cancer

Do Local Tobacco-21 Laws Reduce Smoking Among 18 to 20 Year-Olds?

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1195-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail S Friedman ◽  
Rachel J Wu
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Point Reduction ◽  
Tobacco Sales ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Triple Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Abstract Introduction States and municipalities are increasingly restricting tobacco sales to those under age 21, in an effort to reduce youth and young adult smoking. However, the effectiveness of such policies remains unclear, particularly when implemented locally. Methods Analyses use 2011–2016 data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System’s Selected Metropolitan/Micropolitan Area Risk Trends dataset. Difference-in-differences and triple-difference regressions estimate the relationship between local tobacco-21 policies and smoking among 18- to 20-year-olds living in MMSAs (metropolitan/micropolitan statistical areas and metropolitan divisions). Results Current smoking rates fell from 16.5% in 2011 to 8.9% in 2016 among 18- 20-year-olds in these data. Regressions indicate that a tobacco-21 policy covering one’s entire MMSA yields an approximately 3.1 percentage point reduction in 18- to 20-year-olds’ likelihoods of smoking (confidence interval [CI] = –0.0548 to –0.0063). Accounting for partial policy exposure—tobacco-21 laws implemented in some but not all jurisdictions within an MMSA—this estimate implies that the average exposed 18- to 20-year-old experienced a 1.2 percentage point drop in their likelihood of being a smoker at interview relative to unexposed respondents of the same age, all else equal. Conclusions Local tobacco-21 policies yield a substantive reduction in smoking among 18- to 20-year-olds living in MMSAs. This finding provides empirical support for efforts to raise the tobacco purchasing age to 21 as a means to reduce young adult smoking. Moreover, it suggests that state laws preempting local tobacco-21 policies may impede public health. Implications Although states and municipalities are increasingly restricting tobacco sales to under 21-year-olds, such policies’ effectiveness remains unclear, particularly when implemented locally. Using quasi-experimental methods, this article provides what may be the first evidence that sub-state tobacco-21 laws reduce smoking among 18- to 20-year-olds. Specifically, considering metropolitan and micropolitan areas from 2011 to 2016, the average 18- to 20-year-old who was exposed to these policies exhibited a 1.2 percentage point drop in their likelihood of being a current established smoker, relative to those who were unexposed. These findings validate local tobacco-21 laws as a means to reduce young adult smoking.

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