scholarly journals Small Bait Traps May Not Accurately Reflect the Composition of Necrophagous Diptera Associated to Remains

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Kathleen LeBlanc ◽  
Denis R. Boudreau ◽  
Gaétan Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Assemblage Composition ◽  
Pork Liver ◽  
Bait Traps ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
Time And Energy

Small bait traps are beginning to emerge in forensic entomology as a new approach to sample early-colonizing necrophagous Diptera species while reducing the investment in time and energy in obtaining information. To test the hypothesis conveyed by the literature that these traps can be a substitute for whole carcasses, we simultaneously documented the Diptera assemblages visiting and colonizing domestic pig carcasses and small traps baited with pork liver. Results indicated that Diptera species occurrence and assemblage composition in the small bait traps and on the carcasses differed, while they were similar when comparing only the pig carcasses. These results are in agreement with the literature that examined insect colonization of other decaying substrates. Although small bait traps can be useful tools to document the communities of necrophagous Diptera in a given area, we stress that caution must be exercised when extending the data obtained by these traps to courtroom proceedings.

scholarly journals Characterization of necrophagus entomofauna in a typical agricultural area in Emilia-Romagna region (Northern Italy)

Entomologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Calzolari ◽  
F. Defilippo ◽  
G. Zani ◽  
M. Colombo ◽  
M. Dottori
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Interval Estimation ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Po Valley ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
Pig Carcasses

This study presents a checklist of Dipterans and Coleopterans accountable for carrion decay in the Po Valley (Italy), a contribution to the Forensic Entomology knowledge in Italy. Insects colonizing two pig carcasses in an agricultural area in Mezzani municipality (Parma, Northern Italy) were sampled by pitfall traps and original Malaise-like traps, which allowed the sampling of a very relevant number of flying insects. A checklist of 57 taxa was obtained, of which 26 were considered of forensic importance. For the latter the arrival time of adult specimens on the carcasses was recorded, as an important parameter in minimum post mortem interval estimation. Dipterans (6141 specimens) were the most common insects; the fastest specimens to detect and colonize the carcass belonged to the Calliphoridae family, while Fanniidae and Muscidae infested the carrion until completion of the skeletal stage. Coleopterans appeared later (308 adult specimens and 114 larvae were captured). Staphylinidae, Dermestidae, and Histeridae were the most common coleopterans sampled in this study.

scholarly journals Forensically relevant diptera species associated with pig carcasses in a Brazilian city exposed to high rates of homicide

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e20216101
Author(s):  
Tadeu Morais Cruz ◽  
Taciano Moura Barbosa ◽  
Patrícia Jacqueline Thyssen ◽  
Simão Dias Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Anthropogenic Action ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Rapid Dissemination ◽  
Pig Carcasses

Cities in northeastern Brazil experience extreme rates of unsolved homicides, a situation that stimulates innovative procedures in the police work, such as forensic entomology. We surveyed necrophagous insects associated with carrion in a city exposed to high rates of homicides in Northeastern Brazil. The experiments were carried out in a rainforest fragment located in Recife, State of Pernambuco. Two pig carcasses were used as models, one in the dry and the other in the rainy season. The collection of adults was performed daily until the complete skeletonization of the carcasses. At least 32 Diptera species from the families Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae, Fanniidae, Phoridae, Anthomyiidae, Piophilidae, and Stratiomyidae were registered, some of which have been previously documented on cadavers. A high richness of Diptera species was registered in all stages of decomposition. A strong overlap in the occurrence of most species was observed, which invalidates a defined entomological succession on the carcasses. Two species stood out in terms of abundance: Ophyra chalcogaster (Muscidae) and Chrysomya albiceps (Calliphoridae). The ubiquity of Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Calliphoridae) seems to confirm its preference for forest fragments exposed to low anthropogenic action. Our data contribute to expand the knowledge on the geographical distribution of forensically relevant species in the region and confirm the rapid dissemination of invasive Chrysomya species in forested areas.

Recreating Death's Acre in the School Yard: Using Pig Carcasses as Model Corpses, to Teach Concepts of Forensic Entomology & Ecological Succession

2006 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G. Schoenly ◽  
Neal H. Haskell ◽  
David K. Mills ◽  
Carine Bieme-Ndi ◽  
Kristle Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
School Yard

scholarly journals Arthropod succession on pig carcasses in southeastern Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (35) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Ekanem ◽  
Mike C. Dike
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
The Other ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Decay Stage ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Decomposition Stages ◽  
Pig Carcasses

The domestic pig (Sus scrofa) was used as a model to study arthropod succession on carcasses under tree shade and out of shade in southern Nigeria. Carcass decomposition took longer periods under tree shade than in exposed sites, at 24.5 and 16.5 days, respectively. Four decomposition stages - fresh, bloated, decay, and dry - were observed. No significant variabilities were recorded in the types and patterns of infestation of the carcasses by arthropods in both locations. Four classes of arthropods - Insecta, Arachnida, Diplopoda and Crustacea - were recorded. The class Insecta dominated the total arthropods collected with 24 families, and formed 94% of the catches. The other three classes each had one family represented, and contributed only 2% of the total catches. The calliphorids, a phorid, and sarcophagids arrived and bred on the carcasses only a few hours after death of the pigs. Families of coleopterans came during the bloated stage, and fed on the immature dipterous maggots and carrion materials. The ants (Hymenoptera) came in large numbers to eat the carcasses, and also preyed on all other fauna of the food resource. A muscid and a stratiomyiid, bred on the carcass as to the decay stage. Other insects and arthropods arrived mostly during the decay stage to feed on the carcasses. Species richness on the carcasses peaked during the decay stage.

scholarly journals Breeding of Ornidia obesa (Diptera: Syrphidae: Eristalinae) on Pig Carcasses in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 690-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Martins ◽  
J. A. Neves ◽  
T. C. Moretti ◽  
W.A.C. Godoy ◽  
P. J. Thyssen
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Syrphid Fly ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Pig Carcasses

Abstract Ornidia obesa F. (Diptera: Syrphidae) is usually neglected in forensic entomology, although adults are rather frequent on vertebrate carrion. In this study, conducted in southeastern Brazil in 2008, we used two pig carcasses, one killed by cocaine overdose and the other by shooting, to evaluate mainly the possible influences of the type of death on the larval development of O. obesa in the pig remains. We recorded the breeding of 218 adult specimens of this syrphid fly from the carcass killed by shooting, and none from the carcass killed by cocaine. These observations may open a new perspective for the use of O. obesa in forensic studies, considering its breeding preferences and its complete development on vertebrate carrion.

RECREATING DEATH'S ACRE IN THE SCHOOL YARD: Using Pig Carcasses as Model CorpsesTo Teach Concepts of Forensic Entomology & Ecological Succession

2006 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G. Schoenly ◽  
Neal H. Haskell ◽  
David K. Mills ◽  
Carine Bieme-Ndi ◽  
Kristie Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
School Yard

scholarly journals Fannia fusconotata and Fannia sanihue (Diptera: Fanniidae): first records in Uruguay and distribution extension

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1734
Author(s):  
Mónica Remedios-De León ◽  
Fernando Hernán Aballay ◽  
M. Cecilia Domínguez ◽  
Patricia González-Vainer
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Malaise Traps

Fannia fusconotata (Rondani, 1868) and Fannia sanihue Domínguez & Aballay, 2008 are recorded for the first time in Uruguay, extending the Neotropical distribution of these taxa eastward in South America. The specimens were collected using modified Malaise traps located above pig carcasses in Pando, Canelones, Uruguay, from February to April 2011. This contribution is a part of the first study to be undertaken into forensic entomology in Uruguay.

scholarly journals Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Activity Delays Vertebrate Carcass Decomposition

Sociobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Kethure Coelho Pereira ◽  
Joudellys Andrade-Silva ◽  
Orleans Silva ◽  
Ciro Líbio Caldas Santos ◽  
Leandro Santos Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Decomposition Processes ◽  
Pig Carcasses

Ants are among the insects involved in cadaveric decomposition processes, as they exhibit predatory and necrophagous behavior. Red ants exhibit an aggressive behavior, which impacts carcass colonization, accelerates or delays the decomposition rates and potentially confounds interpretation of the post-mortem interval. Here, we estimated the effects of Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) activity on the decomposition rate in domestic pig carcasses. We placed two pig carcasses close to S. saevissima nests, and two other pig carcasses (controls) in other locations 50 m away from the nest. Decomposition processes were delayed by at least three days for carcasses on the nest compared to those without direct exposure to ants. Our results showed that predatory activity of S. saevissima interfered with carcass colonization by scavenger insects, functioning as an ecological barrier to the establishment of immature Diptera. Such results highlight the importance of considering ecological processes that may interfere with mechanisms determining post-mortem intervals.

scholarly journals NON-CALLIPHORIDAE-NECROPHAGOUS-DIPTERA SUCCESSION ON PIG CARCASSES IN MANADO, INDONESIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunny Wangko ◽  
Dantje T Sembel ◽  
Oddi R Pinontoan ◽  
Jimmy Posangi ◽  
Hans Huijbregts
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
Per Oral

Abstrak. Penelitian mengenai suksesi Diptera nekrofagus non-Calliphoridae dilakukan di Manado, Indonesia pada tahun 2012. Tiga ekor bangkai babi domestik (berat badan 21-23 kg) dimatikan dengan tiga cara yang berbeda (dosis letal potasium sianida per oral, pukulan benda tumpul pada area osipital, dan tikaman benda tajam). Penelitian dilakukan selama 15 hari. Suhu udara ambien dan kelembaban, serta data suhu dari Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Stasiun Klimatologi Kayuwatu. Babi yang dimatikan dengan potasium sianida memperlihatkan perlangsungan dekomposisi yang lebih panjang (10 hari) dibandingkan dengan lainnya (delapan hari). Simpulan: Terdapat empat famili dan dua spesies Diptera nekrofagus non-Calliphoridae yang mengunjungi bangkai hewan coba: Sarcophagidae, Piophilidae, Ophyra, Phoridae, Musca domestica, dan Hermetia illucens. Sarcophagidae dan Ophyra telah ditemukan sejak hari ke-1. Dari keenam jenis serangga non-Calliphoridae yang berkunjung, hanya empat jenis yang berkolonisasi pada bangkai hewan coba, yaitu: Ophyra, Phoridae, Musca domestica, and Hermetia illucens. Kata kunci: nekrofagus non-Calliphoridae, babi domestik, suksesi, kolonisasi Abstract. A study was conducted on Non-Calliphoridae-Necrophagous-Diptera succession on pig carcasses in Manado, Indonesia, in the year 2012. Three domestic pig carcasses (weighing 21-23 kg) were killed by using three different manners (a lethal oral dose of potassium cyanide, a blow with a blunt material, and a stabbing with a sharp material). This study was conducted for 15 days. Ambient air temperatures and humidity, and temperature data of the Climatology Station, Kayuwatu were recorded. The pig killed with potassium cyanide showed a longer decomposition duration (10 days) than the others (eight days). Conclusion: there were four families and two species of Non-Calliphoridae-Necrophagous Diptera visited the carcasses: Sarcophagidae, Piophilidae, Ophyra, Phoridae, Musca domestica, and Hermetia illucens. The first visitors (day 1) were Sarcophagidae and Ophyra. From the six visitors, there were only four that colonized on the carcasses: Ophyra, Phoridae, Musca domestica, and Hermetia illucens.Key words: Non-Calliphoridae-Necrophagous-Diptera, domestic pigs, succession, colo-nization

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