scholarly journals Alternative Approach for Cerebral Protection during Complex Aortic Arch and Redo Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Massimo Capoccia ◽  
Christoph A. Nienaber ◽  
Maziar Mireskandari ◽  
Michael Sabetai ◽  
Christopher Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cerebral Protection ◽  
Technical Success Rate ◽  
Relative Safety ◽  
Safe Management ◽  
Complex Patients ◽  
Alternative Approach

Total arch replacement remains a very demanding surgical procedure. It can be associated with reasonable long-term outcomes but carries serious perioperative complications. Aortic arch surgery has progressed in recent years to a wider adoption of reproducible and reliable techniques. Conventional open, surgical aortic arch replacement is currently offered to the majority of patients, although hybrid and wholly endovascular techniques are gaining popularity. With regards to open arch replacement, the nuances of surgical technique, the mode of cannulation and the optimal cerebral protection protocols remain a matter of debate. We propose an alternative cannulation approach facilitated by the cooperation between cardiac and vascular surgeons. A three-way arterial cannulation including both carotid arteries and the femoral artery (or ascending aorta) is the key feature of this approach. A case series of complex patients is presented to show both the feasibility and relative safety of a standardised new approach with a 100% technical success rate and a 16% 30-day mortality. The three-way cannulation approach may have a role to play for complex and extensive procedures requiring prolonged cerebral protection. We believe that a shared skill set from cardiac and vascular specialists is essential for the safe management and successful outcomes using this adaptive technique.

scholarly journals Tubularized proximally-incised plate in distal/midshaft hypospadias repair

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Marte ◽  
Lucia Pintozzi
Keyword(s):  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Foley Catheter ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Urethral Plate ◽  
Age At Surgery ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

The aim of this study was to verify the validity, feasibility, and the functional results, by uroflowmetry, of Tubularized proximallyincised plate technique in selected case of distal/midshaft hypospadias. Out of 120 patients scheduled to undergo TIP (or Snodgrass) procedure, 23 were selected between January 2013 and January 2016 (19.1%). This case series comprised 16 patients with distal and 7 with midshaft hypospadias. Mean age at surgery was 2.9 years. The inclusion criteria were a deep and wide glandular groove and a proximal narrow urethral plate. The procedure was carried out as described by Snodgrass but the incision of the urethral plate, including the mucosal and submucosal tissue, was made only proximally, between the original meatus and the glandular groove in no case extending to the entire length of the plate. Postoperatively a foley catheter was left in place from 4 to 7 days. Uroflowmetry was performed when the patients age ranged from 2.5 to 5.7 years (mean age 3.11 years and mean follow-up 1.8 years, body surface 2). No patient presented fistulas nor perioperative complications. At uroflowmetry, eighteen patients presented values above the 25<sup>th</sup> percentile and 5 showed a borderline flow. All patients in this group remained stable without urinary symptoms. In selected cases, the tubularized proximally-incised plate yields satisfactory cosmetic and functional results for the treatment of midshaft proximal hypospadias. A long-term follow-up study is needed for further evaluation. Patient selection is crucial for the success of this technique.

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPLETE VASCULAR RINGS: OUR EXPERIENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Chugh ◽  
Rahul Bhushan ◽  
Narender Singh Jhajhria ◽  
Dhananjay Bansal ◽  
Palash Aiyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Vascular Rings ◽  
Cardiac Anomalies

Vascular rings are rare congenital aortic arch anomalies that may cause trachea-esophageal compressive symptoms in infants and children. It may be asymptomatic in few cases. Due to its rare occurrence and non-specic symptoms, the diagnosis is often missed, thus delaying the treatment. With this case series we share our experience of managing four cases of vascular rings over four years, with age of patients ranging from 3 months to 3 years. All cases presented in pediatric emergency with trachea-esophageal compressive symptoms. In our series we encountered 4 types of complete vascular rings- Left Pulmonary Artery (LPA) sling with Left Ligamentum (LL), Right Aortic Arch with aberrant Left Subclavian Artery from Kommerell diverticulum with LL, Right dominant Double Aortic Arch (DAA) with associated TOF, and DAA with left dominant arch. Two cases had associated cardiac anomalies, which were Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Tetralogy Of Fallot (TOF). Median sternotomy was done in two cases with associated cardiac anomalies and left thoracotomy was the approach for rest two cases. Single stage single incision approach was followed in all cases, with no postoperative mortality and no signicant morbidity. Early diagnosis and precise planning of surgical intervention provides the best long-term outcomes.

scholarly journals Horseshoe kidney and uretero-pelvic-junction obstruction in a pediatric patient. Laparoscopic vascular hitch: A valid alternative to dismembered pyeloplasty?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosimo Bleve ◽  
Valeria Bucci ◽  
Maria Luisa Conighi ◽  
Francesco Battaglino ◽  
Lorenzo Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Horseshoe Kidney ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Median Hospital Stay ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a congenital defect of the urinary tract that occurs in 0.25% of the general population. Laparoscopic Vascular Hitch (LVH) according to Hellstrom-Chapman represent an alternative approach in treatment of extrinsic hydronephrosis by crossing vessels (CV) in pediatric age. In our Department from 2006 to 2016, 36 children with extrinsic-Uretero-Pelvic-Junction (UPJ)-Obstruction (UPJO) underwent laparoscopic vessels transposition. Over the last 4years, we have treated three patients with extrinsic hydronephrosis in HSK; two males and one female respectively of 6, 7 and 8years. The side affected was the left in all patients; symptoms of onset: recurrent abdominal pain, vomiting with associated intermittent hydronephrosis at ultrasonography. The preoperative examinations performed were: ultrasound/Doppler scan, MAG3-renogram, functional-magnetic-resonance-urography (fMRU). Mean operative time was 120’; median hospital stay 3- days. Intraoperative diuretic-test (DT) confirmed an extrinsic-UPJO in all patients. No JJ-stents and drain were used and there were no perioperative complications. Clinical and ultrasound follow-up (18 months-4 years) show resolution of symptoms and decrease in hydronephrosis grade in all patients. Our series is the largest in pediatric population by a revision of the literature. We believe that LVH is feasible in patients with symptomatic hydronephrosis by CV in HSK. Intraoperative-DT and the correct selection of patients are crucial to the success of the technique. According to us, this procedure is appropriate in those cases where the UPJ-anatomy is disadvantageous to a resection/re-anastomosis between ureter and renal pelvis. Our initial results are encouraging, although long-term follow- up and a more significant patient sample are required.

scholarly journals What are the endovascular options and outcomes for repair of ascending aortic or aortic arch pathology?

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Varun J Sharma ◽  
Minesh Prakash ◽  
Zaw Lin ◽  
Casey Lo
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Case Series ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Period Range ◽  
Technical Success Rate ◽  
Aortic Pathology ◽  
Hybrid Repair ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Study Type

Summary A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was ‘in patients with ascending aortic or aortic arch disease what are the outcomes with endovascular repair in terms of survival, complications and reintervention?’ Altogether 585 papers were found using the reported search, of which 9 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. We found that the endovascular operative techniques with the greatest evidence were ascending aortic chimney grafts (AACs), branched thoracic endovascular aortic repair (bTEVAR) aortic grafts and fenestrated TEVAR (fTEVAR) aortic grafts. The best evidence available were small case-series or retrospective cohort studies (n &lt; 100), with 1 systematic review, at a short follow-up period (range 0–5 years). Intraoperatively, these techniques have a high technical success rate (84–100%). We found rates of endoleak comparable between AAC (7.4–16%) and bTEVAR/fenestrated TEVAR (11.1–21.4%). Stroke rates are higher in bTEVAR (3.1–42% vs 1–26% in AACs), attributed to more proximal pathology and technically challenging procedures. Following the immediate postoperative period, the 30-day mortality is 0–10.8% and patency is 97–100%. Stroke and reintervention rates remain higher in the bTEVAR group (3.1–42.0% and 0.5–33.3%) compared to the AAC group (1.0–11.1% and 6.7–16.7%). The 3- and 5-year survival ranges from 59% to 90%, but is driven by non-aortic pathology in a high-risk population; 3-year freedom from aortic death is 93–97%. Patency is 97–100% at up to 3 years, conformation and supra-aortic occlusions thereafter remain unknown. We conclude that AACs, bTEVARs and fenestrated TEVARs are safe endovascular options in high-risk elective patients, with results comparable to open or hybrid repair. They remain unverified in acute settings or in patients fit for open intervention.

A Case Series of a Hybrid Approach to Aortic Arch Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Michler ◽  
Evan Lipsitz ◽  
Siyamek Neragi-Miandoab
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Aortic Surgery ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Type I ◽  
Endovascular Stent ◽  
Technical Success Rate ◽  
The Mean

<p><b>Objective:</b> Debranching of the aortic arch and endovascular stent placement as a combination therapy for complex aortic arch pathology has emerged over the past few years as an alternative to traditional repair. This hybrid approach is a viable option for patients who would not tolerate conventional arch replacement, as well as for patients with a failed stent graft of the descending aorta and a subsequent type I endoleak.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively reviewed the preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes of 5 patients who underwent debranching of the aortic arch and implantation of an endovascular stent across the aortic arch between 2008 and 2011. Data were analyzed with the Student t test and the Kaplan-Meyer method.</p><p><b>Results:</b> The mean age was 70.6 � 18 years; 4 men and 1 woman were evaluated. One patient had previous aortic surgery for dissection. The preoperative morbidities included arrhythmia (1 patient), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2 patients), cerebrovascular accident (1 patient), diabetes mellitus (2 patients), coronary artery disease (2 patients), and active angina (1 patient). One patient had a myocardial infarction 3 weeks before surgery. The primary technical-success rate was 100%, and none of the patients died in the perioperative phase. The mean follow-up time was 22 � 18.4 months, and the median follow-up time was 13.8 months (range, 7.13-50.7 months). Two patients died during follow-up. The pathology of the aorta in the patients who died was arch aneurysm; the 3 remaining patients are alive and regularly followed at our institution.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> The combination of surgery and simultaneous endovascular stenting in the operating room is an alternative approach for patients who are poor candidates for traditional arch repair under circulatory arrest.</p>

Stenting for chronic obstructive venous disease: A current comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Wen-da ◽  
Zhao Yu ◽  
Chen Yue-xin
Keyword(s):  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Postthrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Ulcer Recurrence ◽  
Secondary Patency ◽  
Contrast Extravasation ◽  
Venous Stents

Objectives The aim of this article was to summarize the efficacy and safety of venous stents in chronic obstructive venous disease (COVD) including postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) and nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions (NIVL). Methods We searched PubMed for case series (prospective and retrospective) that focused on venous stents in the treatment of COVD published between 1st January, 2000 and 15th July, 2014. Then, we analyzed the perioperative complications, subsequent antithrombotic treatment, clinical outcomes, and long-term patency of this procedure. Results Overall, 1987 patients from 14 studies were included in our study. The incidence of the 30-day thrombotic events was 2.0% (4.0% in PTS vs. 0.8% in NIVL, p = 0.0002). The rates of access site complications and stent migration were 1.7% and 1.3%, respectively. The incidence of retroperitoneal bleeding and contrast extravasation was 1.8%. Back pain was more common with a rate of 62.9%. With stent placement, there was a significant pain and edema relief in COVD patients and the clinical–etiology–anatomy–pathophysiology scores declined. The rate of ulcer healing was 72.1% (70.3% in PTS vs. 86.9% in NIVL, p = 0.0022), and the ulcer recurrence rate was 8.7%. The primary, assisted primary, and secondary patency rates were 91.4%, 95.0%, and 97.8%, respectively, at 12 months and 77.1%, 92.3%, and 94.3%, respectively, at 36 months; however, the patency rates in PTS were lower than those in NIVL. Conclusions Stents may be a relatively effective and safe approach for PTS and NIVL patients because of the low incidence of perioperative complications and satisfying long-term patency. Some outcomes of stents in NIVL patients may be better than those in PTS patients.

Force Plate Analysis of Dogs with Bilateral Hip Dysplasia Treated with a Unilateral Triple Pelvic Osteotomy: A Long-term Review of Cases

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne R. Cockshutt ◽  
H. Dobson ◽  
C. W. Miller ◽  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
Connie L. Taves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Case Series Study

SummaryA retrospective case series study was done to determine the long-term outcome of operations upon dogs treated for canine hip dysplasia by means of a triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO). Twentyfour dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia, that received a unilateral TPO between January 1988 and June 1995, were re-examined at the Ontario Veterinary College. The assessment included physical, orthopedic and lameness examinations, standard blood work, pelvic radiographs and force plate gait analysis. They were compared to bilaterally dysplastic dogs that had not been treated, and also to normal dogs. Force plate data analysis demonstrated a significant increase in peak vertical force (PVF) and mean vertical force over stance (MVF) in the limb that underwent surgical correction by means of a TPO, when compared to the unoperated hip. It was determined that performing a unilateral TPO on a young dysplastic dog resulted in greater forces and weight bearing being projected through the TPO corrected limb when compared to the unoperated limb.Dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia treated with a unilateral triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) were assessed by force plate gait analysis, radiographs and orthopedic examination. There was a significant increase in hip Norberg angles over time, although degenerative changes did progress. Limbs that had been operated upon had significantly greater peak and mean ground reaction forces than limbs that had not received an operation.

Mechanical failure of the Mobi-C implant for artificial cervical disc replacement: report of 4 cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-733
Author(s):  
Jasmine A. T. DiCesare ◽  
Alexander M. Tucker ◽  
Irene Say ◽  
Kunal Patel ◽  
Todd H. Lanman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spondylosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Dynamic Imaging ◽  
Disc Replacement ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Artificial Disc ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Cervical Disc Replacement ◽  
Short And Long Term

Cervical spondylosis is one of the most commonly treated conditions in neurosurgery. Increasingly, cervical disc replacement (CDR) has become an alternative to traditional arthrodesis, particularly when treating younger patients. Thus, surgeons continue to gain a greater understanding of short- and long-term complications of arthroplasty. Here, the authors present a series of 4 patients initially treated with Mobi-C artificial disc implants who developed postoperative neck pain. Dynamic imaging revealed segmental kyphosis at the level of the implant. All implants were locked in the flexion position, and all patients required reoperation. This is the first reported case series of symptomatic segmental kyphosis after CDR.

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