Do Redox Balance and Inflammatory Events Take Place in Mild Bronchiectasis? A Hint to Clinical Implications

We hypothesized that in mild bronchiectasis patients, increased systemic inflammation and redox imbalance may take place and correlate with clinical parameters. In plasma samples from patients with very mild bronchiectasis, inflammatory cells and molecules and redox balance parameters were analyzed. In the patients, lung function and exercise capacity, nutritional status, bacterial colonization, and radiological extension were assessed. Correlations between biological and clinical variables were determined. Compared to healthy controls, levels of acute phase reactants, neutrophils, IgG, IgA, myeloperoxidase, protein oxidation, and GSH increased and lung function and exercise capacity were mildly reduced. GSH levels were even greater in ex-smoker and Pseudomona-colonized patients. Furthermore, radiological extension inversely correlated with airway obstruction and, disease severity, and positively correlated with neutrophil numbers in mild bronchiectasis patients with no nutritional abnormalities. In stable patients with mild bronchiectasis, several important inflammatory and oxidative stress events take place in plasma. These findings suggest that the extension of bronchiectasis probably plays a role in the development of redox imbalance and systemic inflammation in patients with mild bronchiectasis. These results have therapeutic implications in the management of bronchiectasis patients.

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Abstract 219: NAD Redox Imbalance Accelerates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Protein Acetylation and Oxidative Stress

Circulation Research ◽

10.1161/res.127.suppl_1.219 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 127 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ying Ann Chiao ◽

Christine Light ◽

Xiaojian Shi ◽

Rong Tian ◽

Junichi Sadoshima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Cardiac Fibrosis ◽

Redox Balance ◽

Protein Acetylation ◽

Redox Imbalance ◽

Nadh Ratio ◽

Systolic And Diastolic Function ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Diabetes is long linked to lowered NAD/NADH ratio, aka NAD redox imbalance, but its causal role to diabetic cardiomyopathy is not established. We used mouse models with latent decrease in cardiac NAD/NADH ratio (cardiac-specific Ndufs4-KO, cKO) and elevated cardiac NAD levels to directly test whether cardiac NAD redox imbalance accelerates diabetic cardiomyopathy. Control and cKO mice were subjected to 8-week T1D stress, and longitudinal cardiac function was measured by echocardiography. Accelerated declines in systolic and diastolic function were observed in T1D cKO mice. Insulin depletion and hyperglycemia were similar in T1D control and T1D cKO mice, and serum metabolomic analyses showed unchanged aqueous and lipid metabolite levels. These metabolite results suggested that T1D control and cKO hearts were stressed under similar diabetic conditions. Importantly, elevation of cardiac NAD levels to attenuate NAD redox imbalance mitigated the accelerated functional declines in T1D cKO hearts. The data from mouse models with manipulated NAD redox states suggested that NAD redox imbalance accelerates diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiac fibrosis levels were not different in T1D control and cKO hearts, while transcript levels of fibrotic genes, including Adamts proteinases, integrins, laminins, matrix metalloproteinases and collagens, also showed no difference. Therefore, the accelerated functional declines in T1D cKO hearts are not due to altered extracellular matrix environment, but are rather due to cardiomyocyte dysfunction. We next determined whether the accelerated cardiac dysfunction is mediated via protein acetylation and oxidative stress. NAD-dependent global protein acetylation and inhibitory acetylation of superoxide dismutase 2 were elevated in T1D cKO hearts. Inhibition of SOD2 concomitantly promoted elevation of protein oxidation levels in T1D cKO hearts. The results suggested that NAD redox balance-dependent protein acetylation regulates oxidative stress to promote diabetic cardiomyopathy.

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Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Lung Function and Exercise Capacity in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis

Yearbook of Pulmonary Disease ◽

10.1016/s8756-3452(08)70051-3 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 2006 ◽

pp. 56-57

Author(s):

Sandra K. Willsie

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Lung Function ◽

Exercise Capacity ◽

Inspiratory Muscle ◽

Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽

Muscle Training

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Effects of Obesity on Airway and Systemic Inflammation in Asthmatic Children

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology ◽

10.1159/000513809 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Emine Vezir ◽

Ersoy Civelek ◽

Emine Dibek Misirlioglu ◽

Muge Toyran ◽

Murat Capanoglu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airway Inflammation ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Adiponectin Level ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Prick Test ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Type 2 Cytokines ◽

Asthma In Children

Background: Obese asthma is a complex syndrome with certain phenotypes that differ in children and adults. There is no clear evidence regarding the presence of additive or synergistic pathological interaction between obesity and asthma in children. Objectives: Our aim was to demonstrate the interaction of obesity and asthma in children in terms of airway and systemic inflammation by a controlled observational study. Methods: Four groups were formed: asthma obese (AO), asthma nonobese (ANO), non-AO (NAO), nonasthma nonobese (NANO). Spirometry test, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test, skin prick test, serum inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, C3, C4, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, periostin, YKL-40, Type 1, and Type 2 cytokines) were conducted and evaluated in all participants. Sputum inflammatory cells (sputum eosinophils and neutrophils) were evaluated in patients who could produce induced sputum and obesity-asthma interactions were determined. Results: A total of 153 participants aged 6–18 years were included in the study, including the AO group (n = 46), the ANO group (n = 45), the NAO group (n = 30), and the NANO group (n = 32). IL-4 (p < 0.001), IL-5 (p < 0.001), IL-13 (p < 0.001), resistin (p < 0.001), and YKL-40 (p < 0.001) levels were higher in patients with asthma independent of obesity. The lowest adiponectin level was found in the AO group and obesity-asthma interaction was detected (p < 0.001). Sputum eosinophilia (p < 0.01), sputum neutrophilia (p < 0.01), and FeNO levels (p = 0.07) were higher in asthmatic patients independent of obesity. In the group with paucigranulocytic inflammation, resistin and YKL-40 levels were significantly lower than in the group without paucigranulocytic inflammation (p < 0.01). Conclusion: No interaction was found between obesity and asthma in terms of airway inflammation. Interaction between obesity and asthma was shown in terms of adiponectin level and resistin/adiponectin and leptin/adiponectin ratios. It was found that serum YKL-40 and resistin levels could be associated with airway inflammation.

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Post-discharge critical COVID-19 lung function related to severity of radiologic lung involvement at admission

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-021-01625-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Laurent Truffaut ◽

Lucas Demey ◽

Anne Violette Bruyneel ◽

Alain Roman ◽

Stephane Alard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Lung Function ◽

Exercise Capacity ◽

Lung Involvement ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Life Data ◽

Icu Discharge ◽

Function Impairment ◽

Lung Function Impairment

AbstractLung function impairment persists in 55% of critical COVID-19 patients three months after ICU discharge. Patient lung function, exercise capacity, radiologic, and quality of life data suggest impairment is related to radiologic lung involvement at admission.

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Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by inhaled paraquat in rat improved by carvacrol, possible role of PPARγ receptors

BioFactors ◽

10.1002/biof.1761 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Amin ◽

Arghavan Memarzia ◽

Hamideh Kazemi Rad ◽

Farzaneh Shakeri ◽

Mohammad Hossein Boskabady

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Imaging of redox-imbalance and oxidative stress in kidney in vivo, induced by dietary cholesterol

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment ◽

10.1080/13102818.2019.1573153 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 294-301

Author(s):

Dessislava Lazarova ◽

Sayaka Shibata ◽

Itsuko Ishii ◽

Genoveva Zlateva ◽

Zhivko Zhelev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dietary Cholesterol ◽

Redox Imbalance ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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WS04.3 Lung function as a determinant of the evolution of exercise capacity over a three-year follow-up period in patients with cystic fibrosis

Journal of Cystic Fibrosis ◽

10.1016/s1569-1993(21)00935-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. S7-S8

Author(s):

N. Evangelista Campos ◽

F.M. Vendrusculo ◽

I. Silveira de Almeida ◽

N. Acosta Becker ◽

M.V. Fagundes Donadio

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Lung Function ◽

Exercise Capacity

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Late laryngo-tracheal cartilage necrosis with external fistula 44 years after radiotherapy

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1258/002221503768200048 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 117 (8) ◽

pp. 658-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yoshitaka Takiguchi ◽

Hiro-Oki Okamura ◽

Ken Kitamura ◽

Seiji Kishimoto

Keyword(s):

Clinical Course ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Histological Study ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Late Complications ◽

Laryngeal Oedema ◽

Anterior Neck ◽

Tracheal Cartilage ◽

Cutaneous Flap

Major late complications, following radiotherapy of head and neck carcinomas, such as laryngeal oedema, perichondritis and chondronecrosis usually occur between three and 12 months after treatment. However, the present case displayed necrosis of the laryngo-tracheal cartilage and ulceration of anterior neck skin with a tracheal fistula 44 years after irradiation. The reasons for the long interval between irradiation and late complications may be explained by long-standing hypovascularity and/or infection of the irradiated area. Histological study revealed chondronecrosis without inflammatory cells in the laryngo-tracheal cartilage and bacterial colonization of subcutaneous tissue. Necrotic tissue was removed and tracheostomy was performed. The fistula was almost completely closed using a delto-pectoral cutaneous flap and the clinical course of patient has been good. This paper demonstrates the possibility of laryngo-tracheal necrosis in cases that had received radiation as long ago as 44 years.

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