scholarly journals Muscle-Specific Endurance of the Lower Back Erectors Using Electrical Twitch Mechanomyography

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin McCully ◽  
Caio Moraes ◽  
Sahil Patel ◽  
Max Green ◽  
T. Willingham
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Healthy Participants

Lower back pain is a common symptom potentially associated with skeletal muscle dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate endurance in the lower back muscles of healthy participants using accelerometer-based mechanomyography. Methods: Young healthy subjects (N = 7) were tested. Surface electrodes and a tri-axial accelerometer were placed over the erector spinae muscle along the T11–L1 Vertebrae. Stimulation was for 3 min each at 2, 4, and 6 Hz, and changes in acceleration were used to calculate an endurance index (EI). Reproducibility of the endurance index measurements was tested on two separate days. Wrist flexor and vastus lateralis muscles were tested for comparison. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure muscle oxygen levels (O2Hb) (N = 5). EI was 70.3 + 13.4, 32.6 + 8.4, and 19.2 + 6.2% for 2, 4, 6 Hz, respectively. The coefficients of variation were 9.8, 13.9, and 20.3% for 2, 4, 6 Hz, respectively. EI values were lower in the erector spinae muscles compared to the arm and the leg (p < 0.05). O2Hb values were 86.4 + 10.9% at rest and were 77.2 + 15.5, 84.3 + 14.1, and 84.1 + 18.9% for 2, 4, 6 Hz, respectively (p > 0.05, all comparisons). An endurance index can be obtained from the lower back erectors muscles that is reproducible and not influenced by voluntary effort or muscle oxygen levels.

Abstract 2769: Impaired Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization Contributes to Exercise Intolerance in Barth Syndrome

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn T Spencer ◽  
Randall M Bryant ◽  
Barry Byrne ◽  
Elisabeth Heal ◽  
Renee Margossian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Barth Syndrome ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Muscle Oxygen

Objective s: Barth Syndrome (BTHS) is an X-linked mutation in the TAZ gene characterized by cardiolipin deficiency, mitochondrial dysfunction and cardio-skeletal myopathy. We hypothe- sized that abnormal skeletal muscle oxygen (O 2 ) utilization contributes to exercise intolerance in BTHS. Methods : Boys with BTHS (n=13) and healthy male controls (n=7) performed a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer with continuous metabolic and EKG monitoring. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), an indirect measure of tissue O 2 saturation and index of skeletal muscle O 2 utilization, was applied to the vastus lateralis during exercise. Cardiac function in BTHS was assessed by echocardiography and serum BNP to examine the relationship between resting cardiac function and exercise capacity in BTHS. Results : Age (16±5 vs 13±3 years; p=0.22), BMI (17±3 vs. 20±5; p=0.14) and BSA (1.0±0.5 vs 1.2±0.6 m 2 ; p=0.3) were not different between BTHS and controls. BTHS had lower peak VO 2 (19±6 vs. 52±6 ml/kg/min, p < 0.001), lower % of predicted peak VO 2 (40±10% vs. 115±12%, p=0.0004), lower peak work rate (58±18 vs. 205±69 watts, p=0.0004), and lower peak O 2 pulse (4.6±1.6 vs. 14±6 ml O 2 /kg/beat, p< 0.00001) than controls. Peak HR in BTHS was lower but remained within normal peak predicted rate (172±14 vs. 197±11 bpm, p=0.001). Vastus lateralis tissue O 2 saturation at peak exercise decreased from baseline in controls as expected (-18±16%, p<0.001) but paradoxically increased from baseline in BTHS (+17±14%, p<0.03, p=0.0005 BTHS vs. controls) indicating impaired muscle O 2 utilization. Absolute (r= - 0.70, p<0.0001) and percent (r= - 0.70, p<0.001) change in NIRS from baseline was negatively associated with peak VO 2 . There was no correlation between peak VO 2 and resting EF (55±7%; r=0.12), SF (30±4%; r= -.26), myocardial performance index (0.4±0.1; r= -.3) or serum BNP (232±381; r=0.1). Conclusion : O 2 consumption during exercise in BTHS is severely reduced and caused, at least in part, by impaired skeletal muscle O 2 utilization. Resting cardiac function is not related to O 2 consumption in BTHS but cardiac dysfunction during exercise in BTHS is not excluded without further studies. Mitochondrial dysfunction likely mediates skeletal muscle O 2 utilization deficits during exercise in BTHS.

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Is Promising to Detect Iliac Artery Flow Limitations in Athletes: A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Martijn van Hooff ◽  
Goof Schep ◽  
Eduard Meijer ◽  
Mart Bender ◽  
Hans Savelberg
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Artery Flow ◽  
Healthy Participants

Endurance cyclists have a substantial risk to develop flow limitations in the iliac arteries during their career. These flow limitations are due to extreme hemodynamic stress which may result in functional arterial kinking and/or intravascular lesions. Early diagnosis may improve outcome and could prevent the necessity for surgical vascular repair. However, current diagnostic techniques have unsatisfactory sensitivity and cannot be applied during exercise. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has shown great diagnostic potential in peripheral vascular disease and might bring a solution since it measures tissue oxygenation in real time during and after exercise. This report describes the first experiences of the application of NIRS in the vastus lateralis muscle during and after maximal graded cycling exercise in ten healthy participants and in three patients with flow limitations due to (1) subtle functional kinking, (2) an intravascular lesion, and (3) severe functional kinking. The results are put into perspective based on an empirically fitted model. Delayed recovery, showing clearly different types of patterns of tissue reoxygenation after exercise, was found in the affected athletes compared with the healthy participants. In the patients that had kinking of the arteries, tissue reoxygenation was clearly more delayed if NIRS was measured in provocative position with flexed hip. In this pilot experiment, clearly distinctive reoxygenation patterns are observed during recovery consistent with severity of flow limitation, indicating that NIRS is a promising diagnostic tool to detect and grade arterial flow limitations in athletes. Our findings may guide research and optimization of NIRS for future clinical application.

Comparison of muscle near-infrared spectroscopy and femoral blood gases during steady-state exercise in humans

1996 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1345-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Costes ◽  
J. C. Barthelemy ◽  
L. Feasson ◽  
T. Busso ◽  
A. Geyssant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Venous Oxygen Saturation

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive way of measuring muscular oxygenation. We evaluated the relationship between NIRS signal [infrared muscle oxygen saturation (IR-SO2mus)] and the femoral venous oxygen saturation (SfvO2) during cycling exercise. Six healthy subjects performed a 30-min steady-state exercise at 80% maximal oxygen uptake in normoxia and hypoxia (inspired O2 fraction = 0.105). IR-So2mus was recorded continuously throughout the tests with the NIRS probe located on the vastus lateralis. During exercise, blood samples were withdrawn every 5 min from radial artery and femoral vein catheters. In normoxia, IR-So2mus initiated a transient nonsignificant decrease at 5 min, then returned to preexercise level, whereas SfvO2 showed a fast decrease, reaching 18% saturation at 10 min without further change. By contrast, in hypoxia, IR-SO2mus and SfvO2 demonstrated a parallel decrease then stabilized at 10 min. We conclude that IR-SO2mus appears to parallel SfvO2 when both the arterial and venous oxygen contents decrease during steady-state exercise in hypoxia, whereas IR-SO2mus does not follow SfvO2 change in normoxia.

Monitoring Individual Erector Spinae Fatigue Responses Using Electromyography and Near Infrared Spectroscopy

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne J. Albert ◽  
Gordon G. Sleivert ◽  
J. Patrick Neary ◽  
Yagesh N. Bhambhani
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Neuromuscular Activity ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Lower Back

This study examined the utility of electromyography and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in assessing m. erector spinae activity during the Biering-Sørensen Back Muscle Endurance (BSME) test. Six men and four women (27.0 ± 7.1 years of age) performed the BSME test (time = 131.5 ± 43.5 s). EMG was used to quantify neuromuscular activity of the right and left side at the L3 level, and root mean square was scaled for maximum value at the start of the exercise. NIRS was used to evaluate blood volume (BV) and oxygenation (OX) simultaneous with EMG bilaterally at the L3 level. There was a decrease to 49 ± 8% of initial median frequency (mean = 83 Hz) on both right and left sides when the exercise was 90% complete, and the slope of the median frequency/time relationship was significantly related to BSME time (r = 0.82). Group means for BV increased during back exercise while OX decreased and was significantly different between right and left sides of the lower back. However, large OX response differences among individuals and between right and left sides were noted. OX and median frequency were moderately related (r = 0.27-0.38). It appears that NIRS combined with EMG is a promising tool for assessing localized metabolic and neuromuscular activity during static contractions of the lower back. Key words: back endurance, back health, muscle oxygenation, blood volume

scholarly journals Genetic variants predicting aerobic capacity response to training are also associated with skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in moderate-to-severe COPD

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 688-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Adami ◽  
Brian D. Hobbs ◽  
Merry-Lynn N. McDonald ◽  
Richard Casaburi ◽  
Harry B. Rossiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction ◽  
Nominal Significance ◽  
Severe Copd

Muscle oxidative capacity is a major determinant of maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O2max). V̇O2max predicts survival in humans. Muscle oxidative capacity is low in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and can be assessed from the muscle oxygen consumption recovery rate constant ( k) by near-infrared spectroscopy. We hypothesized that 11 SNPs, previously associated with the increase in V̇O2max following exercise training, would correlate with k in 152 non-Hispanic White and African American smokers with and without COPD. Associations were adjusted for age, weight, FEV1% predicted, steps/day, and principal components of genetic ancestry. No SNPs were significantly associated with k. rs2792022 within BTAF1 (β = 0.130, P = 0.053) and rs24575771 within SLC22A3 (β = 0.106, P = 0.058) approached nominal significance. Case-control stratification identified three SNPs nominally associated with k in moderate-to-severe COPD ( rs6481619 within SVIL β = 0.152, P = 0.013; BTAF1 β = 0.196, P = 0.046; rs7386139 within DEPTOR β = 0.159, P = 0.047). These data support further study of the genomic contributions to skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD.

Agreement between muscle oxygen saturation from two commercially available systems in endurance running: Moxy Monitor versus Humon Hex

2021 ◽  
pp. 175433712110157
Author(s):  
Diego Jaén-Carrillo ◽  
Luis E Roche-Seruendo ◽  
Antonio Cartón-Llorente ◽  
Felipe García-Pinillos
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Wearable Systems ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Analysis of changes in muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) in sport settings has become common due to its precise, continuous and non-invasive ability to provide measurements of a particular muscle using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Therefore, this study aims to determine level of agreement between two affordable NIRS-based oximeter wearable systems for measuring SmO2 level in the vastus lateralis in endurance runners. Seventeen trained endurance male runners (age: 34.2 ± 8.1 years; body mass: 70.5 ± 6.1 kg; height: 1.75 ± 0.04 m; BMI: 23 ± 1.7) completed a submaximal 60-min run-to-exhaustion treadmill running protocol trying to cover the longest possible distance. The SmO2 rates of the vastus lateralis were co-registered and continually obtained from two separate NIRS-based oximeter wearable systems over the running trial. The between-system means comparison reveals no significant differences in SmO2 at any point of the running protocol ( p > 0.217) with trivial-to-small ES (ES < 0.27). Significant relationships ( p < 0.05) were identified between systems with large and very large Pearson coefficients ( r > 0.624). Additionally, substantial and almost perfect ICCs were obtained (ICC > 0.729). Bland-Altman plots exposed homoscedasticity ( r2 < 0.1) for all the periods analysed during the running protocol, with mean differences lower than 3.2% over the time trial. The results found here show the level of agreement between two economical NIRS-based oximeter wearable systems. Notwithstanding their level of agreement, their interchangeable use is not recommended due to the variation shown for SmO2 levels.

Critical analysis and unique management of Gridhrasi w.s.r. to Sciatica - A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Rangarajan B. ◽  
Dr. Muralidhara .
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Total Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lower Back

Gridhrasi (Sciatica) is a disorder in which low back pain is found, that spreads through the hip, to the back of the thigh and down the inside of the leg. Mechanical low back pain (LBP) remains the second most common symptom related reason for seeing a physician. 85% of total population will experience an episode of mechanical LBP at some point during their lifetime. Fortunately, the LBP resolves for the vast majority within 2-4 weeks. There are many causes for low back pain, however true sciatica is a symptom of inflammation or compression of the sciatica nerve. The sciatica nerve carries impulses between nerve roots in the lower back and the muscles and nerve of the buttocks, thighs and lower legs. Compression of a nerve root often occurs as a result of damage to one of the discs between the vertebrae. In some cases, sciatic pain radiate from other nerves in the body. This is called referred pain. Pain associated with sciatica often is severe, sharp and shooting. It may be accompanied by other symptom, such as numbness, tingling, weakness and sensitivity to touch. There is only conservative treatment giving short term relief in pain or surgical intervention with side effect. But these are not successful and therefore those who are suffering from this are always in search of result oriented remedy. Walking distance and SLR test were taken for assessment parameter, VAS score was adopted for pain. Before treatment patient was not able to walk even 4 to 5 steps due to severe pain, was brought on stretcher and his SLR was 30° of right side. After 22 days of treatment he was able to walk up to 500 meters without any difficulty, SLR was changed to 60° and patient had got 80 % relief in pain. This case report showed that Ayurvedic protocol is potent and safe in the treatment of Gridhrasi.

scholarly journals Development of a trunk motor paradigm for use in neuroimaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-200
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Saunders ◽  
Brian C. Clark ◽  
Leatha A. Clark ◽  
Dustin R. Grooms
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Head Motion ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cyclic Contraction ◽  
Cyclic Contractions ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Healthy Participants

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to quantify head motion between isometric erector spinae (ES) contraction strategies, paradigms, and intensities in the development of a neuroimaging protocol for the study of neural activity associated with trunk motor control in individuals with low back pain. Ten healthy participants completed two contraction strategies; (1) a supine upper spine (US) press and (2) a supine lower extremity (LE) press. Each contraction strategy was performed at electromyographic (EMG) contraction intensities of 30, 40, 50, and 60% of an individually determined maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) (±10% range for each respective intensity) with real-time, EMG biofeedback. A cyclic contraction paradigm was performed at 30% of MVC with US and LE contraction strategies. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) quantified head motion to determine the viability of each paradigm for neuroimaging. US vs LE hold contractions induced no differences in head motion. Hold contractions elicited significantly less head motion relative to cyclic contractions. Contraction intensity increased head motion in a linear fashion with 30% MVC having the least head motion and 60% the highest. The LE hold contraction strategy, below 50% MVC, was found to be the most viable trunk motor control neuroimaging paradigm.

scholarly journals Using a Back Exoskeleton During Industrial and Functional Tasks—Effects on Muscle Activity, Posture, Performance, Usability, and Wearer Discomfort in a Laboratory Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872082110072
Author(s):  
Tessy Luger ◽  
Mona Bär ◽  
Robert Seibt ◽  
Monika A. Rieger ◽  
Benjamin Steinhilber
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
Task Accomplishment

Objective To investigate the effect of using a passive back-support exoskeleton (Laevo V2.56) on muscle activity, posture, heart rate, performance, usability, and wearer comfort during a course of three industrial tasks (COU; exoskeleton worn, turned-on), stair climbing test (SCT; exoskeleton worn, turned-off), timed-up-and-go test (TUG; exoskeleton worn, turned-off) compared to no exoskeleton. Background Back-support exoskeletons have the potential to reduce work-related physical demands. Methods Thirty-six men participated. Activity of erector spinae (ES), biceps femoris (BF), rectus abdominis (RA), vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM), trapezius descendens (TD) was recorded by electromyography; posture by trunk, hip, knee flexion angles; heart rate by electrocardiography; performance by time-to-task accomplishment (s) and perceived task difficulty (100-mm visual analogue scale; VAS); usability by the System Usability Scale (SUS) and all items belonging to domains skepticism and user-friendliness of the Technology Usage Inventory; wearer comfort by the 100-mm VAS. Results During parts of COU, using the exoskeleton decreased ES and BF activity and trunk flexion, and increased RA, GM, and TD activity, knee and hip flexion. Wearing the exoskeleton increased time-to-task accomplishment of SCT, TUG, and COU and perceived difficulty of SCT and TUG. Average SUS was 75.4, skepticism 11.5/28.0, user-friendliness 18.0/21.0, wearer comfort 31.1 mm. Conclusion Using the exoskeleton modified muscle activity and posture depending on the task applied, slightly impaired performance, and was evaluated mildly uncomfortable. Application These outcomes require investigating the effects of this passive back-supporting exoskeleton in longitudinal studies with longer operating times, providing better insights for guiding their application in real work settings.

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