scholarly journals The Cognitive Underpinnings of Multiply-Constrained Problem Solving

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Derek M. Ellis ◽  
Matthew K. Robison ◽  
Gene A. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Bond Performance ◽  
Constrained Problems ◽  
Constrained Problem ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

Individuals encounter problems daily wherein varying numbers of constraints require delimitation of memory to target goal-satisfying information. Multiply-constrained problems, such as the compound remote associates, are commonly used to study this type of problem solving. Since their development, multiply-constrained problems have been theoretically and empirically related to creative thinking, analytical problem solving, insight problem solving, and a multitude of other cognitive abilities. In the present study, we empirically evaluated the range of cognitive abilities previously associated with multiply-constrained problem solving to assess common versus unique predictive variance (i.e., working memory, attention control, episodic and semantic memory, and fluid and crystallized intelligence). Additionally, we sought to determine whether problem-solving ability and self-reported strategy adoption (analytical or insightful) were task specific or task general through the use of novel multiply-constrained problem-solving tasks (TriBond and Location Bond). Performance across these tasks was shown to be domain general, solutions derived through insightful strategies were more often correct than those derived through analytical strategies, and crystallized intelligence was the sole cognitive ability that provided unique predictive value after accounting for all other abilities.

scholarly journals The Cognitive Underpinnings of Multiply-Constrained Problem Solving

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Ellis ◽  
Gene Arnold Brewer ◽  
Matthew Kyle Robison
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Constrained Problems ◽  
Constrained Problem ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence

An individual encounters problem of varying difficulty every day. Each problem may include a different number of constraints. Multiply-constrained problems, such as the compound remote associates, are commonly used to study problem solving. Since their development, multiply-constrained problems have been related to creativity and insight. Moreover, research has investigated the cognitive abilities underlying problem solving abilities. In the present study we sought to fully evaluate a range of cognitive abilities (i.e., working memory, attention control, episodic and semantic memory, and fluid and crystallized intelligence) previously associated with multiply-constrained problem solving. Additionally, we sought to determine whether problem solving ability and strategies (analytical or insightful) were task specific or domain general through the use of novel problem solving tasks (TriBond and Location Bond). Multiply-constrained problem solving abilities were shown to be domain general, solutions derived through insightful strategies were more often correct than those derived through analytical strategies, and crystallized intelligence was the only cognitive ability that provided unique predictive value after accounting for all other abilities.

scholarly journals Exploring mechanisms of creative thinking and insight problem solving

2014 ◽  
Vol 78 (0) ◽  
pp. SS-065-SS-065
Author(s):  
Sachiko Kiyokawa ◽  
Masayoshi Nagai ◽  
Yoshiyuki Ueda ◽  
Keiga Abe ◽  
Hiroaki Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

Cognitive Abilities Involved in Insight Problem Solving: An Individual Differences Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin G. DeYoung ◽  
Joseph L. Flanders ◽  
Jordan B. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

In Search of Somatic Precursors of Spontaneous Insight

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangbing Shen ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Chaoying Tang ◽  
Chunhua Shi ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Solution Time ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Creative Insight ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
Analytic Problem

Abstract. A considerable number of behavioral and neuroscientific studies on insight problem solving have revealed behavioral and neural correlates of the dynamic insight process; however, somatic correlates, particularly somatic precursors of creative insight, remain undetermined. To characterize the somatic precursor of spontaneous insight, 22 healthy volunteers were recruited to solve the compound remote associate (CRA) task in which a problem can be solved by either an insight or an analytic strategy. The participants’ peripheral nervous activities, particularly electrodermal and cardiovascular responses, were continuously monitored and separately measured. The results revealed a greater skin conductance magnitude for insight trials than for non-insight trials in the 4-s time span prior to problem solutions and two marginally significant correlations between pre-solution heart rate variability (HRV) and the solution time of insight trials. Our findings provide the first direct evidence that spontaneous insight in problem solving is a somatically peculiar process that is distinct from the stepwise process of analytic problem solving and can be represented by a special somatic precursor, which is a stronger pre-solution electrodermal activity and a correlation between problem solution time and certain HRV indicators such as the root mean square successive difference (RMSSD).

Multiple Paths to Transfer in Insight Problem Solving

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher K. Flynn ◽  
Trina C. Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Multiple Paths ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

The Relationship Between Explicit and Implicit Processes in Insight Problem Solving

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Adachi ◽  
Sachiko Kiyokawa ◽  
Toshihiko Matsuka
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Implicit Processes ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
The Relationship

Insight problem solving predicts creative achievement

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Flanders ◽  
Colin DeYoung ◽  
Jordan Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Creative Achievement ◽  
Insight Problem Solving
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