How Diet-Induced Changes in the “Gut-Liver” Axis Affect Chronic Liver Disease Outcome?

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs in patients with chronic liver damage, inflammation and cirrhosis. The facilitators involved in increasing the HCC risk in the damaged liver are yet to be discovered. Diet and lifestyle have a profound effect on the liver inflammation and HCC. The term “gut liver axis” describes the bidirectional relationship between the liver and the gut, which are both anatomically and functionally related. Chronic liver damage is characterised by increased intestinal permeability that allows the translocation of various components and metabolites from the gut microbiota to the liver, resulting in liver inflammation and fibrosis. In this review, we discuss how diet-induced changes in gut microbiome composition, such as lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid, and its metabolites, such as bile acids, play a role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and HCC.

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Spin-echo echo-planar MR imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma arising from chronic liver damage: comparison with turbo spin-echo imaging

Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics ◽

10.1016/s0895-6111(99)00037-3 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 43-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. Abe ◽

Y. Yamashita ◽

Y. Tang ◽

T. Namimoto ◽

Y. Nakayama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Mr Imaging ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Spin Echo ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Turbo Spin Echo ◽

Chronic Liver Damage ◽

Turbo Spin ◽

Echo Planar

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Small hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver damage: prospective comparison of detection with dynamic MR imaging and helical CT of the whole liver.

Radiology ◽

10.1148/radiology.200.1.8657948 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 200 (1) ◽

pp. 79-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 205

Author(s):

Y Yamashita ◽

K Mitsuzaki ◽

T Yi ◽

I Ogata ◽

T Nishiharu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Mr Imaging ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Helical Ct ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Chronic Liver Damage ◽

Dynamic Mr Imaging ◽

Prospective Comparison ◽

Dynamic Mr

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Cooperative Interactions of p53 Mutation, Telomere Dysfunction, and Chronic Liver Damage in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression

Cancer Research ◽

10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-4608 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 66 (9) ◽

pp. 4766-4773 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Paraskevi A. Farazi ◽

Jonathan Glickman ◽

James Horner ◽

Ronald A. DePinho

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Liver Damage ◽

P53 Mutation ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Telomere Dysfunction ◽

Chronic Liver Damage ◽

Cooperative Interactions

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Novel Drivers of the Inflammatory Response in Liver Injury and Fibrosis

Seminars in Liver Disease ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1685515 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (03) ◽

pp. 275-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alexander Wree ◽

Theresa Maria Holtmann ◽

Maria Eugenia Inzaugarat ◽

Ariel E. Feldstein

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Liver Inflammation ◽

Chronic Liver Damage ◽

Recent Developments

AbstractHepatocyte demise as well as signals released by stressed hepatocytes have been now recognized as important triggers of liver inflammation. While traditional concepts classically viewed hepatocyte cell death to occur by either a nonlytic, noninflammatory form (apoptosis), or lytic, proinflammatory nonregulated cell death (necrosis), recent studies have provided evidence for additional mechanisms that can contribute to both acute and chronic liver damage. Two novel forms of cell death, pyroptosis and necroptosis, are of particular importance as they are highly regulated and intrinsically proinflammatory. Additionally, stressed hepatocytes may also release signals to attract and activate monocytes into proinflammatory macrophages. In this review, the authors discuss recent developments supporting the role of novel triggers of liver inflammation in various forms of liver injury and their potential translational implications.

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