scholarly journals New insights for adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Up-coming resuscitation guidelines 2010

Medicina ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrius Pranskūnas ◽  
Paulius Dobožinskas ◽  
Vidas Pilvinis ◽  
Živilė Petkevičiūtė ◽  
Nedas Jasinskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Resuscitation Guidelines ◽  
Chain Of Survival ◽  
Meta Analyses

Despite advances in cardiac arrest care, the overall survival to hospital discharge remains poor. The objective of this paper was to review the innovations in cardiopulmonary resuscitation that could influence survival or change our understanding about cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We have performed a search in the MEDLINE and the Cochrane databases for randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, expert reviews from December 2005 to March 2010 using the terms cardiac arrest, basic life support, and advanced life support. The lack of randomized trials during the last 5 years remains the main problem for crucial decisions in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Current trends in cardiopulmonary resuscitation are toward minimizing the interruptions of chest compressions and improving the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In addition, attention should be paid to all the parts of chain of survival, which remains essential in improving survival rates.

scholarly journals Does ‘heads-up’ cardiopulmonary resuscitation improve outcomes for patients in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest? A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Andrew Elphinstone ◽  
Samantha Laws
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Coronary Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Coronary Perfusion ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Survival rates for patients in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have remained around 10% in the United Kingdom for the past seven years. If outcomes are to be improved, research into new methods of advanced life support is required. One such method may be ‘heads-up’ cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Methods: A systematic review of literature exploring heads-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation was conducted in an attempt to identify its effects on survival to discharge and neurological outcome.Results: A comprehensive search of CINAHL, MEDLINE and Google Scholar was undertaken. Six papers were classed as sufficiently relevant for inclusion. Included studies were generally of low quality and none studied the effect of heads-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Animal studies identified a significant reduction in intracranial pressure and increase in cerebral and coronary perfusion pressure for use of augmented heads-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the porcine model of cardiac arrest.Conclusion: Further research is required to analyse the effects and potential benefits of augmented heads-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Positioning During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naosuke Enomoto ◽  
Tomoyuki Yamashita ◽  
Marie Furuta ◽  
Hiroaki Tanaka ◽  
Edomond Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Lateral Tilt ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Although rare, cardiac arrest during pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal death. Recently, its incidence has been increasing worldwide because more pregnant women have risk factors. The provision of early, high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plays a major role in the increased likelihood of survival; therefore, clinicians should be familiar with its management. Due to the aortocaval compression caused by the gravid uterus, clinical guidelines often emphasise the importance of maternal positioning during CPR, but there has been little evidence regarding which position is most effective.Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, and OpenGrey (updated on April 3, 2021). We included clinical trials and observational studies with reported outcomes related to successful resuscitations. Results: We included eight studies out of the 1,490 screened. All of these were simulation-based cross-over randomised controlled trials examining the quality of chest compressions. No data were available about the survival rates of mothers or fetuses/neonates. Meta-analyses indicated that resuscitation of pregnant women in the 27°–30° left-lateral tilt position lowered the quality of chest compressions, and the rates of correct compression depth and correct hand position decreased by 17% and 9%, respectively when compared with resuscitation in the supine position. Inexperienced clinicians faced difficulties in performing chest compressions in the left-lateral tilt position. Conclusions: Given that manual left uterine displacement allows the patient to remain supine, the resuscitation of women in the supine position using manual left uterine displacement should continue to be supported. Further research is needed to fill knowledge gaps regarding the effects of maternal positioning on clinical outcomes, such as survival rates following maternal cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF PEDIATRIC CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION USING THE IN SITU MOCK CODE TOOL

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela de Sio Puetter Kuzma ◽  
Camila Bellettini Hirsch ◽  
Angélica Luciana Nau ◽  
Analiz Marchini Rodrigues ◽  
Eduardo Maranhão Gubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Cardiac Monitoring ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Cardiac Compression ◽  
Clinical Simulations

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the quality of individual and team care for cardiac arrest in a pediatric hospital using clinical surprise simulation (in situ mock code). Methods: We conducted an observational study with a sample of the hospital staff. Clinical simulations of cardiorespiratory arrest were performed in several sectors and work shifts. The mock code occurred in vacant beds of the sector without previous notification to the teams on call. One researcher conducted all mock codes and another evaluated individual and team attendance through a questionnaire contemplating recommendation for adequate cardiopulmonary resuscitation, based on the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) guidelines. At the end of the simulations, the research team provided a debriefing to the team tested. Results: Fifteen in situ mock code were performed with 56 nursing professionals (including nurses, nursing residents and technicians) and 11 physicians (including two pediatric residents and four residents of pediatric subspecialties). The evaluation showed that 46.7% of the professionals identified cardiac arrest checking for responsiveness (26.7%) and pulse (46.7%); 91.6% requested cardiac monitoring and venous access. In one case (8.3%) the cardiac compression technique was correct in depth and frequency, while 50% performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation correctly regarding the proportion of compressions and ventilation. According to PALS guidelines, the teams had a good performance in the work dynamics. Conclusions: There was low adherence to the PALS guidelines during cardiac arrest simulations. The quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be improved in many points. We suggest periodical clinical simulations in pediatric services to improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance.

Resuscitation on the field: basic and advanced life support and automatic external defibrillators

2019 ◽  
pp. 403-410
Author(s):  
Mark S. Link ◽  
Mark Estes III
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Advanced Cardiac Life Support ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
Playing Field

Resuscitation on the playing field is at least as important as screening in the prevention of death. Even if a screening strategy is largely effective, individuals will suffer sudden cardiac arrests. Timely recognition of a cardiac arrest with rapid implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and deployment and use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) will save lives. Basic life support, including CPR and AED use, should be a requirement for all those involved in sports, including athletes. An emergency action plan is important in order to render advanced cardiac life support and arrange for transport to medical centres.

scholarly journals Adult Advanced Life Support: 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (16_suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Berg ◽  
Jasmeet Soar ◽  
Lars W. Andersen ◽  
Bernd W. Böttiger ◽  
Sofia Cacciola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Cardiovascular Care

This 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations for advanced life support includes updates on multiple advanced life support topics addressed with 3 different types of reviews. Topics were prioritized on the basis of both recent interest within the resuscitation community and the amount of new evidence available since any previous review. Systematic reviews addressed higher-priority topics, and included double-sequential defibrillation, intravenous versus intraosseous route for drug administration during cardiac arrest, point-of-care echocardiography for intra-arrest prognostication, cardiac arrest caused by pulmonary embolism, postresuscitation oxygenation and ventilation, prophylactic antibiotics after resuscitation, postresuscitation seizure prophylaxis and treatment, and neuroprognostication. New or updated treatment recommendations on these topics are presented. Scoping reviews were conducted for anticipatory charging and monitoring of physiological parameters during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Topics for which systematic reviews and new Consensuses on Science With Treatment Recommendations were completed since 2015 are also summarized here. All remaining topics reviewed were addressed with evidence updates to identify any new evidence and to help determine which topics should be the highest priority for systematic reviews in the next 1 to 2 years.

scholarly journals Management of EMS on-scene time during advanced life support in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective observational trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. S82-S89
Author(s):  
Michael Poppe ◽  
Mario Krammel ◽  
Christian Clodi ◽  
Christoph Schriefl ◽  
Alexandra-Maria Warenits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Objective Most western emergency medical services provide advanced life support in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest aiming for a return of spontaneous circulation at the scene. Little attention is given to prehospital time management in the case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with regard to early coronary angiography or to the start of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation treatment within 60 minutes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest onset. We investigated the emergency medical services on-scene time, defined as emergency medical services arrival at the scene until departure to the hospital, and its association with 30-day survival with favourable neurological outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Methods All patients of over 18 years of age with non-traumatic, non-emergency medical services witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between July 2013 and August 2015 from the Vienna Cardiac Arrest Registry were included in this retrospective observational study. Results Out of 2149 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients, a total of 1687 (79%) patients were eligible for analyses. These patients were stratified into groups according to the on-scene time (<35 minutes, 35–45 minutes, 45–60 minutes, >60 minutes). Within short on-scene time groups, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest occurred more often in public and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation was more common (both P<0.001). Patients who did not achieve return of spontaneous circulation at the scene showed higher rates of 30-day survival with favourable neurological outcome with an on-scene time of less than 35 minutes (adjusted odds ratio 5.00, 95% confidence interval 1.39–17.96). Conclusion An emergency medical services on-scene time of less than 35 minutes was associated with higher rates of survival and favourable outcomes. It seems to be reasonable to develop time optimised advance life support protocols to minimise the on-scene time in view of further treatments such as early coronary angiography as part of post-resuscitation care or extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals Сardiopulmonary and cerebral resuscitation: new European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for resuscitation 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
L.V. Usenko ◽  
А.V. Tsarev ◽  
Yu.Yu. Kobelatsky
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Extracorporeal Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
European Resuscitation Council ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Electrical Defibrillation

The article presents the current changes in the algorithm of cardiopulmonary and cerebral resuscitation (CPCR), adopted by the European Council for Resuscitation in 2021. The article presents the principles of basic life support and advanced life support, inclu-ding taking into account the European recommendations published in 2020, dedicated to the specifics of CPCR in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main focus of CPCR in the COVID-19 pandemic is that the safety of healthcare workers should never be compromised, based on the premise that the time it takes to ensure that care is delivered safely to rescuers is acceptable part of the CPCR process. The principles of electrical defibrillation, including in patients with coronavirus disease who are in the prone position, pharmacological support of CPCR, modern monitoring capabilities for assessing the quality of resuscitation measures and identifying potentially reversible causes of cardiac arrest, the use of extracorporeal life support techno-logies during CPR are highlighted. The modern principles of intensive care of the post-resuscitation syndrome are presented, which makes it possible to provide improved outcomes in patients after cardiac arrest.

Abstract 146: Evaluation of Out-of-hospital Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest Management, With a Simulation Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Ursat ◽  
Guillaume Douge ◽  
Charles Groizard ◽  
Anna Ozguler ◽  
Michel Baer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Real Patient ◽  
Decision Algorithm ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Monitoring Devices

Introduction: Feed-back on quality of CPR is an important aspect to consider on cardiac arrest management. This has been pointed out during trainings organized for emergency medicine residents. In parallel, RéAC registry (registry on cardiac arrests in France) showed some difficulties in following guidelines of VF.The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) in the management of patients in cardiac arrest through the use of external chest compression (CC) data from the Resusci Anne Simulator manikin from Laerdal (SimMan®), equipped with SimPad SkillReporter. Methodology: During 2nd to 6th of March 2015, 18 EMS teams (1 physician, 1 paramedic and 1 nurse) were asked to manage a VF on a Resusci Anne Simulator manikin. This allowed the direct measurement of CC quality parameters and the evaluation of decision algorithm, through the use of a same scenario. The scenario was introduced to each team at the beginning of each session. At first, the “patient” was still conscious, on a stretcher and had a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. While the patient was installed in the ambulance, he suddenly had a FV cardiac arrest that could be detected on monitoring devices (time 0 of simulation). VF lasted for 10 minutes, followed by 5 minutes of asystole. The manikin software displayed the different parameters as the scenario progressed. The simulation was performed on a stretcher in an EMS premise, with the same equipment and monitoring devices as in an advanced life support ambulance (ALS). Results: CC were performed 71% of CPR time. CC depth was considered as non-compliant to guidelines in 28% of cases, with a mean depth of 4.4 cm, compressions with complete release in 37% of cases. Mean compression rate was 122/minute and was correct in 49% of cases. One third used Amiodarone after the third shock. 13/18 teams resumed chest compressions immediately after defibrillation attempts. Conclusion: This study shows the difficulty to strictly follow guidelines. According to participants, the massage was considered as more difficult with a manikin rather than on a real patient. Although cardiac arrest occurring during transportation is quite rare, quality of CPR at pre-hospital level should be improved.

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