Missed training, collateral damage from COVID 19?

Background: during the COVID-19 pandemic a total lockdown was enforced all over Italy starting on March 9th. This resulted in the shrinking of economic activities. In addition, all formal occupational security-training courses were halted, among them the 81/08 law lectures and Basic Life Support-Defibrillation (BLS-D) laymen training courses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on BLS-D laymen training courses in the Lombardy region. Methods: BLS-D training courses records for the Lombardy region were analysed. The analysis was conducted from 2016 to 2020 as part of the Hippo project. Results: between 2017 and 2019 BLS-D trained laymen kept increasing, moving from 53,500 trained individuals up to 74,700. In 2020 a stark reduction was observed with only 22,160 individuals trained. Formal courses were not halted completely during 2020. Still, in the months available for training, the number of individuals enrolled showed a sharp 50% reduction. Conclusions: laymen training courses for emergency management are a fundamental component of primary prevention practice. The 81/08 and 158/12 Italian laws have decreed this practice mandatory on the workplace. Following the enforcement of the lockdown and the subsequent interruption of emergency management courses, efforts will be necessary to re-establish and guarantee the high quality training of the pre-pandemic period.

Understanding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Determines the Readiness of Doing Basic Life Support

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency lifesaving procedure performed when the heart stops beating. Basic Life Support (BLS) is the initial action to save life-saving conditions. BLS is one of the most important components in CPR. BLS greatly determines the fate of the next life-threatening victim. This study aimed to know the relationship of understanding CPR to readiness to do BLS for students of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya.Methods: This was non-experimental study using the design of analytic and descriptive statistics. The sample of this study was the students of Faculty of Medicine, class of 2015, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya and was taken by probability sampling method with a simple random sampling technique. Data retrieval was performed by giving a questionnaire to 100 respondents. This study was conducted in February 2019. The results of this study were then analyzed by SPSS using the Spearman test.Results: The results of this study showed that the most level of understanding CPR was in the good category with 56 people (56%), while the readiness to do BLS was mostly in the moderate category with 55 people (55%). Based on the results of statistical tests using the Spearman test, there was a relationship between the level of understanding CPR and the readiness to do BLS for students of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya.Conclusion: There was relationship between the level of understanding CPR and the readiness to do BLS for students of Faculty Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya.

Európai Újraélesztési Társaság (ERC) 2021. évi, az emeltszintű újraélesztésről (ALS) és periarrest ritmuszavarok ellátásáról szóló ajánlásának összefoglaló bemutatása

Jelen referátum célja az Európai Újraélesztési Társaság (European Resuscitation Council, ERC) 2021-ben megjelent(1), a periarrest időszak ellátását is magában foglaló emelt szintű újraélesztési protokolljának összefoglaló bemutatása, hangsúlyozva a korábbi, 2015-ben kiadott protokoll(2) ajánlásaitól való eltéréseket. Az életet veszélyeztető ritmuszavarok azonnali azonosítása és kezelése alapvető jelentőségű a keringésmegállás megelőzésében, illetve ismétlődésének elkerülése érdekében. A 2021-ben, az ERC által kiadott protokoll igazán jelentős változást a periarrest achycard ritmuszavarok ellátási algoritmusában hozott. Az ellátás főbb terápiás vonala, a korábbi guideline-nal megegyezően, továbbra is a beteg állapotának stabilitása/instabilitása alapján kerül felosztásra. Az emelt szintű újraélesztés (Advanced Life Support – ALS) többlet beavatkozásokkal kiterjesztett alapszintű újraélesztés (Basic Life Support – BLS). Az ajánlás részletesen taglalja a kórházon belüli és kívüli keringésmegállást, az ezek ellátási lépéseit tartalmazó ALSalgoritmust, a kardiopulmonáris reszuszcitáció (CPR) során végzett légútbiztosítást, gyógyszeres terápiát és annak menedzselését. Ezen irányelvek a Nemzetközi Reszuszcitációs Bizottság (International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation – ILCOR ) által meghatározott ellátási renden alapulnak(3).

Conducting a FIMA Lifesaver Course in the COVID-19 Setting by IMAM in Malaysia

Every year, the Federation of Islamic Medical Association (FIMA) conducts a basic life support (BLS) course for the public, not just in one, but in several countries. It is held in mosques as a method of raising awareness on the importance of BLS among the public, apart from highlighting the function of a mosque as a place of obtaining knowledge. Traditionally, it was conducted as face-to-face training. However, with the 2019 novel coronavirus pandemic, the training was changed to a hybrid method to balance between the needs to teach BLS skills to the public and the necessity of avoiding the spread of infection. This article discussed the Islamic Medical Association of Malaysia (IMAM)’s experience in organizing a mass BLS course for public in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic while utilising a small mosque as a hub of learning.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 6-10

Pelatihan Pertolongan Pertama Pada Anak Tersedak (Choking) di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Furqan Muhammadiyah Cabang 3 Banjarmasin

ABSTRAKTersedak merupakan suatu kondisi terjadinya sumbatan atau hambatan respirasi oleh benda asing yang menyempit pada saluran napas internal, termasuk faring, hipofaring, dan trakea. Penyempitan jalan napas bisa berakibat fatal jika itu mengarah pada gangguan serius oksigenasi dan ventilasi. Kondisi tersedak pada anak dapat menimbulkan situasi kegawatdaruratan respirasi yang jika tidak ditangani dengan segera dapat mengancam jiwa ataupun kecacatan anak. Penanganan yang dilakukan biasanya berhasil dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup sebesar 95%. Untuk melakukan pertolongan terhadap kejadian ini diperlukan teknik Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) penanganan tersedak. Teknik ini, selain harus dikuasai oleh petugas medis, juga penting diketahui oleh orang tua dan guru sebagai pertolongan pertama jika menemukan anak tersedak sebelum mendapatkan penanganan medis selanjutnya. Oleh karena itu orang tua perlu memiliki wawasan yang didapatkan dari pelatihan yang diberikan oleh tim tentang penatalaksanaan tersedak pada anak untuk mengurangi angka kejadian dan kemungkinan perburukan kondisi pada anak. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk mengetahui dan mengaplikasikan prosedur pertolongan pertama pada anak tersedak (choking). Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan ceramah, demonstrasi dengan alat peraga dan tanya jawab. Kesimpulan didapatkan orangtua dan guru mampu mengetahui dan mengaplikasikan pertolongan pertama pada anak tersedak (choking) sesudah diberikan pelatihan. Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Tersedak, Anak ABSTRACTChoking is a condition of obstruction or obstruction of respiration by a narrowed foreign body in the internal airways, including the pharynx, hypopharynx, and trachea. The narrowing of the airway can be fatal if it leads to serious impairment of oxygenation and ventilation. Choking conditions in children can lead to respiratory emergencies which if not treated immediately can be life-threatening or disabled. Treatment is usually successful and the survival rate is 95%. To help with this incident, a Basic Life Support (BHD) technique is needed to deal with choking. This technique, besides having to be mastered by medical personnel, is also important for parents and teachers to know as first aid if they find a child choking before getting further medical treatment. Therefore, parents need to have the insight gained from the training provided by the team on the management of choking in children to reduce the incidence and possible worsening of the condition in children. The purpose of this community service is to find out and apply first aid procedures to choking children. This community service method is carried out with lectures, demonstrations with props, and questions and answers. The conclusion is that parents and teachers are able to know and apply first aid to choking children after being given training. Keywords: Training, Choking, Children

Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Pengalaman Pelatihan Security Tentang Penanganan Pertama Kegawatdaruratan (Basic Life Support) di Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Bantuan hidup dasar (BHD) adalah tindakan darurat untuk membebaskan jalan napas, membantu pernapasan dan mempertahankan sirkulasi darah tanpa menggunakan alat bantu. Bantuan hidup dasar dapat dilakukan oleh siapapun khususnya petugas keamanan dan dimanapun sesegera mungkin disaat awal terjadinya henti jantung untuk meningkatkan angka kelangsungan hidup. penelitian ini adalah security mampu melakukan tindakan resusitas awal pada korban dalam airway, breathing dan sirkulasi yang benar dan aman berdasarkan karakteristik umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, dan pelatihan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif korelasional yang menggunakan pendekatan survey. Angket sebagai instrumen penelitian telah disusun menggunakan konsep bantuan hidup dasar dari American Heart Association (AHA) tahun 2020 dengan total sampel sebanyak 17 responden. Pegambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan menyebarkan angket dan hasil dianalisa dengan menggunakan SPSS. Jumlah total sampel adalah 17 responden, dimana untuk umur rerata usia dewasa yaitu 19 – 40 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki 16 orang (94%) dan wanita 1 orang, pendidikan terakhir rerata SMA dengan 16 orang dan 1 orang lulusan S1. Untuk tingkat pengetahuan secara umum mengenai defenisi BHD cukup baik dengan ada 10 responden dengan nilai cukup (58,08%). Berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuan responden mengenai airway (jalan nafas) ada 12 responden menjawab dengan nilai cukup (70,06%), pengetahuan mengenai breathing (pernafasan) ada 13 responden menjawab dengan nilai cukup (76,05%) mengenai circulation (sirkulasi) ada 13 responden menjawab dengan nilai kurang (76,05%). Berdasarkan pengalaman pernah tidaknya responden mengikuti pelatihan tentang BHD, ada 14 responden yang pernah mengikuti pelatihan (82,04%) dan ada 3 responden belum pernah mengikuti pelatihan BHD (17,06%) Tingkat pengetahuan petugas keamanan berhubungan terhadap tindakan airway, breathing dan sirkulasi namun tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan terhadap pernahnya ikut pelatihan.

Effectiveness of Simulation As a Technique vs Traditional Method on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Basic Life Support: An Experimental Study

Instantaneous institution of Basic life Support (BLS) with Cardiovascular Resuscitation is one of the crucial factors in the survival of cardiac arrest patient. However, ability to learn and retain BLS skill remains questionable. The present study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of teaching BLS skills via simulation technique vs. traditional method to B.Sc. Nursing students and BPT 1st year students of SGT University, Budhera, Gurugram. The investigator prepared the list of all the students from first year B.Sc. Nursing and BPT first year and from that, the investigator selected the samples using simple random probability sampling technique. Before going ahead with data collection, a written consent was taken from the students regarding their willingness to participate in the research study. Then data regarding socio demographic variables was collected followed by a pre -test using knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist. On experimental group, simulation technique was used to teach BLS and control group learnt BLS in traditional way. After 7 days post-test was taken to assess the change in knowledge and practice regarding BLS. Mean post-test knowledge score for experimental group was high i.e., 18.40 in as compared to pre-test knowledge score of 12.90. Mean practice score for experimental group was high i.e., 10.00 as compared to mean pre-test practice score of 4.50. In control group, no significant difference was reported between pre-test and post-test knowledge as well as practice score. This study generates evidence that Simulation is more effective as a technique to teach BLS to student more effective as compared to conventional method.

Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan pada Ojek Online Terhadap Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD)

Background: Online motorcycle taxi drivers are part of a community that is very closely related to traffic. The high number of road accidents requires that anyone who looks to help both lay people or medical personnel. Knowledge of basic life support (BLS) is needed to provide correct help according to health procedures and minimize the risk of death. Objective : Finding out the level of knowledge in online motorcycle taxis on basic life support (BLS). Method : The research method used is the cross sectional approach. Total population of 102 online motorcycle taxi drivers in the Gombong area. The number of samples is 50 respondents. Data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis using bivariate test is descriptive analysis test with SPSS. Results: The characteristics of the data obtained by the age of online motorcycle taxi drivers in the Gombong area in the final adolescent category were 26 respondents (52.20%). And o Online motorcycle taxi drivers education in the high school / equivalent category was 36 respondents (72.00%). Description of the level of basic life support knowledge in the majority of online motorcycle taxi drivers in the category of less than 31 respondents (62.00%). Descriptions of readiness to help the majority of online motorcycle taxi drivers in a good category of 29 respondents (58.00%). Conclusion: Level of basic life support knowledge (BHD) of readiness to help the online motorcycle taxi driver is lacking. And the results of readiness to help the online motorcycle taxi drivers with good categories.

PELATIHAN BANTUAN HIDUP DASAR/BASIC LIFE SUPPORT BAGI MAHASISWA FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MATARAM

ABSTRAKBantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) adalah serangkaian usaha awal untuk mengembalikan fungsi pernafasan atau sirkulasi pada seseorang yang mengalami henti nafas dan atau henti jantung (cardiac arrest). Pengetahuan dan keterampilan BHD penting diajarkan terutama tentang teknik dasar penyelamatan korban yang mengalami henti jantung dan henti nafas. Kesiapsiagaan yang tepat berupa pelatihan kepada mahasiswa dalam pemberian BHD sebagai upaya penanggulangan yang cepat dan tepat sehingga dapat meminimalisir kematian akibat henti jantung yang terjadi di lingkungan Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Saat ini belum ada mahasiswa yang mendapatkan pelatihan mengenai kemampuan melakukan bantuan hidup dasar, maka kegiatan pengabdian ini sangat penting untuk dilakukan untuk mengantisipasi adanya kasus henti jantung dan henti napas. Lokasi pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah di Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, dengan waktu pelaksanaan selama 1 hari. Target dalam pengabdian ini yaitu adanya pemahaman mahasiswa akan perbedaan henti jantung dan serangan jantung dan cara melakukan pertolongan pertama. Luaran dari pengabdian ini adalah adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman mahasiswa dalam memberikan pertolongan pada korban henti nafas dan henti jantung jika ada kejadian henti jantung dan henti nafas yang terjadi di lingkungan Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Kata kunci: bantuan hidup dasar; mahasiswa; fakultas ilmu kesehatan; universitas muhammadiyah mataram. ABSTRACTBasic Life Support (BLS) is a series of initial efforts to restore respiratory or circulatory function in someone who has stopped breathing and/or cardiac arrest. Knowledge and skills of BLS are important to be taught, especially about the basic techniques of saving victims who experience cardiac and respiratory arrest. Appropriate preparedness such as training for students in giving BLS as a quick and appropriate response to minimize deaths from cardiac arrest that occur in the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Currently, there are no students who have received training on the ability to perform basic life support, so this training is very important to do to anticipate cases of cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest. The location of the implementation of community service activities at the Faculty of Health Sciences, with an implementation time of 1 day. The target in this service is the students' understanding of the difference between cardiac arrest and heart attack and how to perform first aid. The output of training is an increase in students' knowledge and understanding in providing assistance to victims of respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest if cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest occur within the Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Keywords: basic life support; student; faculty of health sciences; universitas muhammadiyah mataram.

Сardiopulmonary and cerebral resuscitation: new European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for resuscitation 2021

The article presents the current changes in the algorithm of cardiopulmonary and cerebral resuscitation (CPCR), adopted by the European Council for Resuscitation in 2021. The article presents the principles of basic life support and advanced life support, inclu-ding taking into account the European recommendations published in 2020, dedicated to the specifics of CPCR in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main focus of CPCR in the COVID-19 pandemic is that the safety of healthcare workers should never be compromised, based on the premise that the time it takes to ensure that care is delivered safely to rescuers is acceptable part of the CPCR process. The principles of electrical defibrillation, including in patients with coronavirus disease who are in the prone position, pharmacological support of CPCR, modern monitoring capabilities for assessing the quality of resuscitation measures and identifying potentially reversible causes of cardiac arrest, the use of extracorporeal life support techno-logies during CPR are highlighted. The modern principles of intensive care of the post-resuscitation syndrome are presented, which makes it possible to provide improved outcomes in patients after cardiac arrest.