scholarly journals Apricot Kernel Extract and Amygdalin Inhibit Urban Particulate Matter-Induced Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Wang Hyun ◽  
Junghyun Kim ◽  
Bongkyun Park ◽  
Kyuhyung Jo ◽  
Tae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Apricot Kernel ◽  
Urban Particulate Matter ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Conjunctival Epithelial Cells

Exposure to particulate matter is a risk factor for various ocular surface diseases, including keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). In this study, we investigated the protective effects of apricot kernel extract (AKE) and its bioactive compound, amygdalin, on KCS induced by exposure to urban particulate matter (UPM). In the in vivo experiments, eye drops containing 0.5 mg/mL AKE (AKE-0.5) or 1 mg/mL AKE (AKE-1) were administered directly into the eyes of female rats after UPM exposure. Additionally, the effect of AKE and amygdalin on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity and the expressions of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, was investigated in conjunctival epithelial cells in vitro. Topical administration of AKE-1 attenuated UPM exposure-induced reduction of tear secretion. Both AKE-0.5 and AKE-1 inhibited UPM exposure-induced corneal epithelial damage and irregularity. AKE also protected against UPM exposure-induced disruption of the mucin-4 layer on the ocular surface. In addition, AKE and amygdalin prevented UPM-induced activation of MMPs and upregulation of TNF-α and IL-6 in conjunctival epithelial cells. Therefore, AKE may have protective effects against UPM exposure-induced KCS via the inhibition of MMPs and inflammation. The pharmacological activities of AKE may be in part due to its bioactive compound, amygdalin.

scholarly journals Toxicological effects of urban particulate matter on corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Wang Hyun ◽  
Su Jeong Song ◽  
Bongkyun Park ◽  
Tae Gu Lee ◽  
Chan-Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Urban Particulate Matter ◽  
Conjunctival Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Coculture of autologous limbal and conjunctival epithelial cells to treat severe ocular surface disorders: Long-term survival analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
VirenderS Sangwan ◽  
Kunjal Sejpal ◽  
SandhyaV Subramaniam ◽  
GeetaK Vemuganti ◽  
Anees Fatima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Conjunctival Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Conjunctival epithelial cells resist productive SARS-CoV-2 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majlinda Lako ◽  
Robert M Jackson ◽  
Catherine F Hatton ◽  
Jarmila S Spegarova ◽  
Maria Georgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Viral Entry ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Productive Infection ◽  
Conjunctival Epithelium ◽  
Genome Expression ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Air Liquid Interface ◽  
Conjunctival Epithelial Cells

Although tropism of SARS-CoV-2 for respiratory tract epithelial cells is well established, an open question is whether the conjunctival epithelium is also a target for SARS-CoV-2. Conjunctival epithelial cells, which express viral entry receptors ACE2 and TMPRSS2, constitute the largest exposed epithelium of the ocular surface tissue, and may represent a relevant viral entry route. To address this question, we generated an organotypic air-liquid-interface model of conjunctival epithelium, composed of progenitor, basal and superficial epithelial cells and fibroblasts, which could be maintained successfully up to day 75 of differentiation. Using single-cell RNA Seq, with complementary imaging and virological assays, we observed that while all conjunctival cell types were permissive to SARS-CoV-2 genome expression, a productive infection did not ensue. The early innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in conjunctival cells was characterised by a robust autocrine and paracrine NF-Kβ activity, without activation of antiviral interferon signalling. Collectively, these data enrich our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection at the human ocular surface, with potential implications for the design of preventive strategies and conjunctival transplants.

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