scholarly journals Systematic Study of Quaternary Ammonium Cations for Bromine Sequestering Application in High Energy Density Electrolytes for Hydrogen Bromine Redox Flow Batteries

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2721
Author(s):  
Michael Küttinger ◽  
Paulette A. Loichet Loichet Torres ◽  
Emeline Meyer ◽  
Peter Fischer ◽  
Jens Tübke
Keyword(s):  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Fused Salts ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Ammonium Halides ◽  
Flow Batteries

Bromine complexing agents (BCAs) are used to reduce the vapor pressure of bromine in the aqueous electrolytes of bromine flow batteries. BCAs bind hazardous, volatile bromine by forming a second, heavy liquid fused salt. The properties of BCAs in a strongly acidic bromine electrolyte are largely unexplored. A total of 38 different quaternary ammonium halides are investigated ex situ regarding their properties and applicability in bromine electrolytes as BCAs. The focus is on the development of safe and performant HBr/Br2/H2O electrolytes with a theoretical capacity of 180 Ah L−1 for hydrogen bromine redox flow batteries (H2/Br2-RFB). Stable liquid fused salts, moderate bromine complexation, large conductivities and large redox potentials in the aqueous phase of the electrolytes are investigated in order to determine the most applicable BCA for this kind of electrolyte. A detailed study on the properties of BCA cations in these parameters is provided for the first time, as well as for electrolyte mixtures at different states of charge of the electrolyte. 1-ethylpyridin-1-ium bromide [C2Py]Br is selected from 38 BCAs based on its properties as a BCA that should be focused on for application in electrolytes for H2/Br2-RFB in the future.

Extending the Redox Potentials of Metal-Free Anolytes: Towards High Energy Density Redox Flow Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 (10) ◽  
pp. 100556
Author(s):  
Jingchao Chai ◽  
Amir Lashgari ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Jianbing “Jimmy” Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

scholarly journals Designing for conjugate addition: an amine functionalised quinone anolyte for redox flow batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Bharat Jethwa ◽  
Evan Wenbo Zhao ◽  
Rachel N. Kerber ◽  
Erlendur Jónsson ◽  
Dominic S Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Conjugate Addition ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Organic Electrolytes ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Grid Level

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are promising grid-level electrical storage systems. The key to this emerging technology is the development of cheap, highly soluble, and high energy-density inorganic and organic electrolytes....

Eutectic Electrolytes for High-Energy-Density Redox Flow Batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 2875-2883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changkun Zhang ◽  
Leyuan Zhang ◽  
Yu Ding ◽  
Xuelin Guo ◽  
Guihua Yu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

An organic super-electron-donor as a high energy density negative electrolyte for nonaqueous flow batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (74) ◽  
pp. 11037-11040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Vaid ◽  
Melanie S. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox States ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Good Solubility ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Low Mass

An organic “super-electron-donor” is well-suited as a negative electrolyte for nonaqueous redox flow batteries, with a highly negative 2+/0 reduction potential, a low mass per electron stored, and good solubility in CH3CN in both redox states.

An Energy Dense, Robust, Powerful Bipolar Zinc-Ferrocene Redox Flow Battery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Luo ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Wenda Wu ◽  
Maowei Hu ◽  
Leo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have been recognized as a promising option for scalable and dispatchable renewable energy storage (e.g. solar and wind energy). Zinc metal represents a low cost, high capacity anode material to develop high energy density aqueous redox flow batteries. However, the energy storage applications of traditional inorganic Zn halide flow batteries are primarily plagued by the material challenges of traditional halide cathode electrolytes (e.g. bromine) including corrosion, toxicity, and severe crossover. As reported here, we have developed a bipolar Zinc-ferrocene salt compound, Zinc 1,1’-bis(3-sulfonatopropyl)ferrocene, Zn[Fc(SPr)2] (1.80 M solubility or 48.2 Ah/L charge storage capacity) – a robust, energy-dense, bipolar redox-active electrolyte material for high performance Zn organic RFBs. Using a low-cost porous Daramic membrane, the Zn[Fc(SPr)2] aqueous organic redox flow battery (AORFB) has worked in dual-flow and single-flow modes. It has manifested outstanding current, energy, and power performance, specifically, operating at high current densities of up to 200 mA/cm2 and delivering an energy efficiency of up to 81.5% and a power density of up to 270.5 mW/cm2. A Zn[Fc(SPr)2] AORFB demonstrated an energy density of 20.2 Wh/L and displayed 100% capacity retention for 2000 cycles (1284 hr or 53.5 days). The Zn[Fc(SPr)2] ionic bipolar electrolyte not only offers record-setting, highly-stable, energy-dense, and the most powerful Zn-organic AORFBs to date, but it also provides a new paradigm to develop even more advanced redox materials for scalable energy storage.

Metal acetylacetonate complexes for high energy density non-aqueous redox flow batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (15) ◽  
pp. 7929-7938 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Suttil ◽  
J. F. Kucharyson ◽  
I. L. Escalante-Garcia ◽  
P. J. Cabrera ◽  
B. R. James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Ligand Structure ◽  
Metal Acetylacetonate ◽  
Flow Batteries

Modulation of the ligand structure results in complex solubilities that can varied by more than four orders of magnitude. The most soluble of these complexes yields an electrolyte with theoretical energy densities 6-fold higher than commercial aqueous vanadium RFBs.

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