scholarly journals Evaluation of Surface Change and Roughness in Implants Lost Due to Peri-Implantitis Using Erbium Laser and Various Methods: An In Vitro Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2602
Author(s):  
Aslihan Secgin-Atar ◽  
Gokce Aykol-Sahin ◽  
Necla Asli Kocak-Oztug ◽  
Funda Yalcin ◽  
Aslan Gokbuget ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Laser ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Short Pulse Laser ◽  
Laser Group ◽  
Long Pulse

The aim of our study was to obtain similar surface properties and elemental composition to virgin implants after debridement of contaminated titanium implant surfaces covered with debris. Erbium-doped:yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser, erbium, chromium-doped:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser, curette, and ultrasonic device were applied to contaminated implant surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken, the elemental profile of the surfaces was evaluated with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and the surface roughness was analyzed with profilometry. Twenty-eight failed implants and two virgin implants as control were included in the study. The groups were designed accordingly; titanium curette group, ultrasonic scaler with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) tip, Er: YAG very short pulse laser group (100 μs, 120 mJ/pulse 10 Hz), Er: YAG short-pulse laser group (300 μs, 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz), Er: YAG long-pulse laser group (600 μs, 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz), Er, Cr: YSGG1 laser group (1 W 10 Hz), Er, Cr: YSGG2 laser group (1.5 W, 30 Hz). In each group, four failed implants were debrided for 120 s. When SEM images and EDX findings and profilometry results were evaluated together, Er: YAG long pulse and ultrasonic groups were found to be the most effective for debridement. Furthermore, the two interventions have shown the closest topography of the sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched implant surface (SLA) as seen on virgin implants.

scholarly journals Rhamnolipid Coating Reduces Microbial Biofilm Formation on Titanium Implants: an in-vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Tambone ◽  
Emiliana Bonomi ◽  
Paolo Ghensi ◽  
Devid Maniglio ◽  
Chiara Ceresa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant

Abstract Background: Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are biofilm-related diseases causing major concern in oral implantology, requiring complex anti-infective procedures or implant removal. Microbial biosurfactants emerged as new of anti-biofilm agents for coating implantable devices preserving biocompatibility. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of rhamnolipid biosurfactant R89 (R89BS) to reduce Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on titanium. Methods: R89BS was physically adsorbed on titanium discs (TDs) and the ability of coated TDs to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by quantifying biofilm biomass and cell metabolic activity, at different time-points, with respect to uncoated controls. A qualitative analysis of sessile cells was also performed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: R89BS-coated discs showed no cytotoxic effects on normal lung fibroblasts (MRC5). TDs coated with 4 mg/mL R89BS inhibited the biofilm biomass of S. aureus by 98%, 49% and 10% and of S. epidermidis by 53%, 29%, and 10% at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. A significant reduction of the biofilm metabolic activity was also documented. The same coating applied on three commercial implant surfaces resulted in a biomass inhibition higher than 90% for S. aureus, and up to 75% for S. epidermidis at 24 h. Conclusions: R89BS-coating was effective in reducing Staphylococcus biofilm formation at the titanium implant surface. The anti-biofilm action can be obtained on several different commercially available implant surfaces, independently of their surface morphology.

scholarly journals Bioactive Sphene-Based Ceramic Coatings on cpTi Substrates for Dental Implants: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamada Elsayed ◽  
Giulia Brunello ◽  
Chiara Gardin ◽  
Letizia Ferroni ◽  
Denis Badocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation Medium ◽  
Alizarin Red

Titanium implant surface modifications have been widely investigated to favor the process of osseointegration. The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of sphene (CaTiSiO5) biocoating, on titanium substrates, on the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs). Sphene bioceramic coatings were prepared using preceramic polymers and nano-sized active fillers and deposited by spray coating. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, surface roughness measurements and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed. The chemical stability of the coatings in Tris-HCl solution was investigated. In vitro studies were performed by means of proliferation test of hADSCs seeded on coated and uncoated samples after 21 days. Methyl Thiazolyl-Tetrazolium (MTT) test and immunofluorescent staining with phalloidin confirmed the in vitro biocompatibility of both substrates. In vitro osteogenic differentiation of the cells was evaluated using Alizarin Red S staining and quantification assay and real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). When hADSCs were cultured in the presence of Osteogenic Differentiation Medium, a significantly higher accumulation of calcium deposits onto the sphene-coated surfaces than on uncoated controls was detected. Osteogenic differentiation on both samples was confirmed by PCR. The proposed coating seems to be promising for dental and orthopedic implants, in terms of composition and deposition technology.

scholarly journals Rhamnolipid coating reduces microbial biofilm formation on titanium implants: an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Tambone ◽  
Emiliana Bonomi ◽  
Paolo Ghensi ◽  
Devid Maniglio ◽  
Chiara Ceresa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant

Abstract Background Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are biofilm-related diseases causing major concern in oral implantology, requiring complex anti-infective procedures or implant removal. Microbial biosurfactants emerged as new anti-biofilm agents for coating implantable devices preserving biocompatibility. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of rhamnolipid biosurfactant R89 (R89BS) to reduce Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on titanium. Methods R89BS was physically adsorbed on titanium discs (TDs). Cytotoxicity of coated TDs was evaluated on normal lung fibroblasts (MRC5) using a lactate dehydrogenase assay. The ability of coated TDs to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by quantifying biofilm biomass and cell metabolic activity, at different time-points, with respect to uncoated controls. A qualitative analysis of sessile bacteria was also performed by scanning electron microscopy. Results R89BS-coated discs showed no cytotoxic effects. TDs coated with 4 mg/mL R89BS inhibited the biofilm biomass of S. aureus by 99%, 47% and 7% and of S. epidermidis by 54%, 29%, and 10% at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. A significant reduction of the biofilm metabolic activity was also documented. The same coating applied on three commercial implant surfaces resulted in a biomass inhibition higher than 90% for S. aureus, and up to 78% for S. epidermidis at 24 h. Conclusions R89BS-coating was effective in reducing Staphylococcus biofilm formation at the titanium implant surface. The anti-biofilm action can be obtained on several different commercially available implant surfaces, independently of their surface morphology.

Ablation of Subsurface Tumors Using 1552 nm Ultra-Short Pulse Laser

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Raje ◽  
Amir Sajjadi ◽  
Kunal Mitra ◽  
Michael S. Grace
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Pulse Laser ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Short Pulse Laser ◽  
Fiber Optic Probes ◽  
Laser Immunotherapy ◽  
Ultra Short Pulse ◽  
Long Pulse

Over last two decades lasers have been used for the treatment of subsurface tumors. Various techniques such as Laser-induced Hyperthermia, Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT), and Laser Immunotherapy have been developed for the successful ablation of subsurface tumors by different researchers. All these techniques use photo-thermal mechanism for tumor ablation by delivering thermal energy at the tumor site. In all these existing techniques, either continuous wave (CW) or long pulse laser source has been used, which often produces larger heat affected zone as compared to that produced by short pulse laser. Moreover, the delivery of laser beam at the target site is achieved through fiber optic probes which often require perforation of the skin. These drawbacks can be eliminated if a converging laser beam from a short pulse laser source is directly focused at the subsurface location to ablate the tumor.

scholarly journals Rhamnolipid coating reduces microbial biofilm formation on titanium implants: an in-vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Tambone ◽  
Emiliana Bonomi ◽  
Paolo Ghensi ◽  
Devid Maniglio ◽  
Chiara Ceresa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant

Abstract Background: Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are biofilm-related diseases causing major concern in oral implantology, requiring complex anti-infective procedures or implant removal. Microbial biosurfactants emerged as new anti-biofilm agents for coating implantable devices preserving biocompatibility. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of rhamnolipid biosurfactant R89 (R89BS) to reduce Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on titanium. Methods: R89BS was physically adsorbed on titanium discs (TDs). Cytotoxicity of coated TDs was evaluated on normal lung fibroblasts (MRC5). using a lactate dehydrogenase assay. The ability of coated TDs to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by quantifying biofilm biomass and cell metabolic activity, at different time-points, with respect to uncoated controls. A qualitative analysis of sessile bacteria was also performed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: R89BS-coated discs showed no cytotoxic effects. TDs coated with 4 mg/mL R89BS inhibited the biofilm biomass of S. aureus by 99%, 47% and 7% and of S. epidermidis by 54%, 29%, and 10% at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. A significant reduction of the biofilm metabolic activity was also documented. The same coating applied on three commercial implant surfaces resulted in a biomass inhibition higher than 90% for S. aureus, and up to 78% for S. epidermidis at 24 h. Conclusions: R89BS-coating was effective in reducing Staphylococcus biofilm formation at the titanium implant surface. The anti-biofilm action can be obtained on several different commercially available implant surfaces, independently of their surface morphology.

scholarly journals Rhamnolipid coating reduces microbial biofilm formation on titanium implants: an in-vitro study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Tambone ◽  
Emiliana Bonomi ◽  
Paolo Ghensi ◽  
Devid Maniglio ◽  
Chiara Ceresa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant

Abstract Background: Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are biofilm-related diseases causing major concern in oral implantology, requiring complex anti-infective procedures or implant removal. Microbial biosurfactants emerged as new anti-biofilm agents for coating implantable devices preserving biocompatibility. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of rhamnolipid biosurfactant R89 (R89BS) to reduce Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on titanium. Methods: R89BS was physically adsorbed on titanium discs (TDs). Cytotoxicity of coated TDs was evaluated on normal lung fibroblasts (MRC5). using a lactate dehydrogenase assay. The ability of coated TDs to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by quantifying biofilm biomass and cell metabolic activity, at different time-points, with respect to uncoated controls. A qualitative analysis of sessile bacteria was also performed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: R89BS-coated discs showed no cytotoxic effects. TDs coated with 4 mg/mL R89BS inhibited the biofilm biomass of S. aureus by 98%, 49% and 10% and of S. epidermidis by 53%, 29%, and 10% at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. A significant reduction of the biofilm metabolic activity was also documented. The same coating applied on three commercial implant surfaces resulted in a biomass inhibition higher than 90% for S. aureus, and up to 75% for S. epidermidis at 24 h. Conclusions: R89BS-coating was effective in reducing Staphylococcus biofilm formation at the titanium implant surface. The anti-biofilm action can be obtained on several different commercially available implant surfaces, independently of their surface morphology.

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