scholarly journals Oral Supplementation with Benzylamine Delays the Onset of Diabetes in Obese and Diabetic db-/- Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2622
Author(s):  
Zsuzsa Iffiú-Soltesz ◽  
Estelle Wanecq ◽  
László Tóthfalusi ◽  
Éva Szökő ◽  
Christian Carpéné
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Amine Oxidase ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Urinary Glucose ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Responsiveness ◽  
Glucose Output

Substrates of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) exert insulin-like actions in adipocytes. One of them, benzylamine (Bza) exhibits antihyperglycemic properties in several rodent models of diabetes. To further study the antidiabetic potential of this naturally occurring amine, a model of severe type 2 diabetes, the obese db-/- mouse, was subjected to oral Bza administration. To this end, db-/- mice and their lean littermates were treated at 4 weeks of age by adding 0.5% Bza in drinking water for seven weeks. Body mass, fat content, blood glucose and urinary glucose output were followed while adipocyte insulin responsiveness and gene expression were checked at the end of supplementation, together with aorta nitrites. Bza supplementation delayed the appearance of hyperglycemia, abolished polydypsia and glycosuria in obese/diabetic mice without any detectable effect in lean control, except for a reduction in food intake observed in both genotypes. The improvement of glucose homeostasis was observed in db-/- mice at the expense of increased fat deposition, especially in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SCWAT), without sign of worsened inflammation or insulin responsiveness and with lowered circulating triglycerides and uric acid, while NO bioavailability was increased in aorta. The higher capacity of SSAO in oxidizing Bza in SCWAT, found in the obese mice, was unaltered by Bza supplementation and likely involved in the activation of glucose utilization by adipocytes. We propose that Bza oxidation in tissues, which produces hydrogen peroxide mainly in SCWAT, facilitates insulin-independent glucose utilization. Bza could be considered as a potential agent for dietary supplementation aiming at preventing diabetic complications.

Metformin primarily decreases plasma glucose not by gluconeogenesis suppression but by activating glucose utilization in a non-obese type 2 diabetes Goto-Kakizaki rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 623 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taishi Yoshida ◽  
Akira Okuno ◽  
Jun Tanaka ◽  
Kanako Takahashi ◽  
Ryutaro Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Utilization

Abstract 16709: Contrasting Influences of Renal Function on Blood Pressure and HbA1c Reductions With Empagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cherney ◽  
Mark Cooper ◽  
Ilkka Tikkanen ◽  
Susanne Crowe ◽  
Odd Erik Johansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Urinary Glucose ◽  
The Impact

The sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin (EMPA) reduces HbA1c, weight and blood pressure (BP) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). While glucose lowering with EMPA is dependent on renal function, the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on BP reduction with EMPA is less well understood. Our aim was to determine if impaired renal function attenuates antihypertensive effects of EMPA. A Phase III randomized placebo (PBO)-controlled trial (EMPA-REG BP™) investigated the efficacy and safety of EMPA in patients with T2D and hypertension (defined as mean seated office systolic BP [SBP] 130-159 mmHg and diastolic BP [DBP] 80-99 mmHg at screening). Patients (mean [SD] age 60.2 [9.0] years, HbA1c 7.90 [0.74] %, 24-hour SBP 131.4 [12.3] and 24-hour DBP 75.0 [7.8] mmHg) received EMPA 10 mg (n=276), EMPA 25 mg (n=276) or PBO (n=271) once daily for 12 weeks. We assessed changes from baseline in mean ambulatory 24-hour SBP and HbA1c in subgroups by baseline eGFR (MDRD equation), adjusting for differences in baseline mean 24-hour SBP (for SBP analyses only), HbA1c, region, number of antihypertensive medications, treatment, eGFR and treatment by eGFR interaction between groups. In patients with normal renal function, or stage 2 or 3 CKD, EMPA significantly reduced HbA1c and mean 24-hour SBP vs PBO (Table). As expected, PBO-corrected HbA1c reductions with EMPA appeared to decrease with decreasing eGFR (Table). In contrast, PBO-corrected reductions in mean 24-hour SBP with EMPA mostly appeared to increase with decreasing eGFR (Table). Unlike HbA1c, mean 24-hour SBP reductions with EMPA in patients with T2D and hypertension appear to be greater in patients with lower eGFR, indicating that SBP modulation with EMPA may involve pathways other than urinary glucose excretion such as diuretic effects, weight loss, improved glycemic control, reduced arterial stiffness or direct vascular effects.

scholarly journals Management of Chronic Disease and Hospitalization Due to Diabetes among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Korea: Using the National Sample Cohort Data 2002–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2541
Author(s):  
Sang Lee ◽  
Woorim Kim ◽  
Sarah Oh ◽  
Jieun Yang ◽  
Jieun Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Diabetes Patients

To prevent negative outcomes for diabetes patients, developing self-management skills is imperative. This study aimed to examine the association between management of chronic disease (MCD), which mainly involves educating patients about their chronic diseases for obtaining self-management skills and hospitalization due to diabetes among type 2 diabetes patients in Korea. Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort data from 2002 to 2013 were used. A total of 54,031 type 2 diabetes patients were included in the study. If patients received the MCD within 1 year from the onset of diabetes, we categorized them as “MCD received patients” We reclassified these groups into five groups: “non-receiving”, “1–3 times”, “4–6 times”, “7–9 times” and “10–12 times” The dependent variable of this study was hospitalization due to diabetes. Cox proportional hazard regression was used. Of the patients, 86.2% (n = 46,571) did not received the MCD within the 1 year from the onset of diabetes. The number of MCDs received increased and the hazard ratio (HR) for hospitalization due to diabetes decreased; particularly, patients who received MCD 10–12 times per annum showed the lowest HR for hospitalization due to diabetes compared to patients in the MCD non-received group (1–3 times per annum: HR: 0.81, p = 0.0001; 4–6 times per annum: HR: 0.82, p = 0.0248; 7–9 times per annum: HR: 0.75, p = 0.0054; 10–12 times per annum: HR: 0.61, p < 0.0001). Considering the importance of raising self-managing diabetes skills, the findings can aid in determining the outcomes of the MCD program.

scholarly journals Morning Spot Urine Glucose-to-Creatinine Ratios Predict Overnight Urinary Glucose Excretion in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Ra Kim ◽  
Yong-ho Lee ◽  
Sang-Guk Lee ◽  
Sun Hee Lee ◽  
Eun Seok Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Urinary Glucose Excretion ◽  
Urine Glucose ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Urinary Glucose ◽  
Glucose Excretion

scholarly journals Monoamine Oxidase and Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase Kinetic Analysis in Mesenteric Arteries of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

2011 ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. NUNES ◽  
I. V. FIGUEIREDO ◽  
J. S. PEREIRA ◽  
E. T. DE LEMOS ◽  
F. REIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Amine Oxidase ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Mao B ◽  
Mao A ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Monoamine oxidase (MAO, type A and B) and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) metabolize biogenic amines, however, the impact of these enzymes in arteries from patients with type 2 diabetes remains poorly understood. We investigated the kinetic parameters of the enzymes to establish putative correlations with noradrenaline (NA) content and patient age in human mesenteric arteries from type 2 diabetic patients. The kinetic parameters were evaluated by radiochemical assay and NA content by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The activity of MAO-A and SSAO in type 2 diabetic vascular tissues was significantly lower compared to the activity obtained in non-diabetic tissues. In the correlation between MAO-A (Km) and NA content, we found a positive correlation for both the diabetic and non-diabetic group, but no correlation was established for patient age. In both groups, MAO-B (Vmax) showed a negative correlation with age. The results show that MAO-A and SSAO activities and NA content of type 2 diabetic tissues are lower compared to the non-diabetic tissues, while MAO-B activity remained unchanged. These remarks suggest that MAO-A and SSAO may play an important role in vascular tissue as well as in the vascular pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals The Association Between Age of Onset of Type 2 Diabetes with Long-term Risk of End Stage Kidney Disease: A National Registry Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jedidiah I Morton ◽  
Danny Liew ◽  
Stephen P McDonald ◽  
Jonathan E Shaw ◽  
Dianna J Magliano
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
End Stage Kidney Disease ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Effect Of Age

<b>Objective</b>: The long-term risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in type 2 diabetes is poorly described, as is the effect that younger age of diabetes onset has on this risk. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the effect of age of onset on the cumulative incidence of ESKD from onset of type 2 diabetes. <p><b>Research Design and Methods: </b>This study included 1,113,201 people with type 2 diabetes registered on the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) followed from 2002 until 2013. The NDSS was linked to the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry and the Australian National Death Index. </p> <p><b>Results: </b>Between 2002 and 2013,<b> </b>there were 7,592 incident cases of ESKD during 7,839,075 person-years of follow up. In the first 10-15 years following onset of diabetes, the incidence of ESKD was highest in those with an older age of onset of diabetes, whereas over longer durations of diabetes the incidence of ESKD became higher in those with younger-onset diabetes. After 40 years of diabetes, the cumulative incidence of ESKD was 11.8% and 9.3% in those diagnosed with diabetes aged 10-29 and 30-39 years, respectively. When death from ESKD without renal replacement therapy was included, incidence of ESKD remained higher in older onset diabetes for the initial 20 years, with no clear effect of age thereafter.</p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>The long-term risk of ESKD in type 2 diabetes is high, which disproportionately affects those with younger-onset of diabetes as they are more likely to survive to longer diabetes durations.</p>

Enhanced ROS production and oxidative damage in subcutaneous white adipose tissue mitochondria in obese and type 2 diabetes subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 399 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrittika Chattopadhyay ◽  
Vineet Kumar Khemka ◽  
Gargi Chatterjee ◽  
Anirban Ganguly ◽  
Satinath Mukhopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue
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