Postprandial Effect of a High-Fat Meal on Endotoxemia in Arab Women with and without Insulin-Resistance-Related Diseases

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is a feature of impaired metabolic health in conjunction with impaired glucose metabolism and central obesity. However, the contribution of factors to postprandial lipemia in healthy but metabolically at-risk adults is not well understood. We investigated the collective contribution of several physiologic and lifestyle factors to postprandial triglyceride (TG) response to a high-fat meal in healthy, overweight and obese adults. Methods Overweight and obese adults (n = 35) underwent a high-fat meal challenge with blood sampled at fasting and hourly in the 4-hour postprandial period after a breakfast containing 50 g fat. Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) and postprandial magnitude for TG were calculated and data analyzed using a linear model with physiologic and lifestyle characteristics as explanatory variables. Model reduction was used to assess which explanatory variables contributed most to the postprandial TG response. Results TG responses to a high-fat meal were variable between individuals, with approximately 57 % of participants exceeded the nonfasting threshold for hypertriglyceridemia. Visceral adiposity was the strongest predictor of TG iAUC (β = 0.53, p = 0.01), followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β = 0.31, p = 0.05), insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR (β = 0.30, p = 0.04), and relative exercise intensity at which substrate utilization crossover occurred (β = 0.05, p = 0.04). For postprandial TG magnitude, visceral adiposity was a strong predictor (β = 0.43, p < 0.001) followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β = 0.23, p = 0.01), and exercise intensity for substrate utilization crossover (β = 0.53, p = 0.01). Conclusions Postprandial TG responses to a high-fat meal was partially explained by several physiologic and lifestyle characteristics, including visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, aerobic exercise frequency, and relative substrate utilization crossover during exercise. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04128839, Registered 16 October 2019 – Retrospectively registered.

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Determinants of the Postprandial Triglyceride Response to a High-fat Meal in Healthy Overweight and Obese Adults.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-617713/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie M Wilson ◽

Adam P. Maes ◽

Carl J. Yeoman ◽

Seth T. Walk ◽

Mary P. Miles

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Substrate Utilization ◽

Visceral Adiposity ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Exercise Frequency ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Postprandial Triglyceride ◽

Fat Meal

Abstract Background: Dyslipidemia is a feature of impaired metabolic health in conjunction with impaired glucose metabolism and central obesity. However, the contribution of factors to postprandial lipemia in healthy but metabolically at-risk adults is not well understood. We investigated the collective contribution of several physiologic and lifestyle factors to postprandial triglyceride (TG) response to a high-fat meal in healthy, overweight and obese adults. Methods: Overweight and obese adults (n=35) underwent a high-fat meal challenge with blood sampled at fasting and hourly in the 4-hour postprandial period after a breakfast containing 50 grams fat. Incremental area under the curve and postprandial magnitude for TG were calculated and data analyzed using a linear model with physiologic and lifestyle characteristics as explanatory variables. Model reduction was used to assess which explanatory variables contributed most to the postprandial TG response.Results: TG responses to a high-fat meal were variable between individuals, with approximately 57% of participants exceeded the nonfasting threshold for hypertriglyceridemia. Visceral adiposity was the strongest predictor of TG iAUC (β=0.53, p=0.01), followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β=0.31, p=0.05), insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR (β=0.30, p=0.04), and relative exercise intensity at which substrate utilization crossover occurred (β=0.05, p=0.04). For postprandial TG magnitude, visceral adiposity was a strong predictor (β=0.43, p<0.001) followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β=0.23, p=0.01), and exercise intensity for substrate utilization crossover (β=0.53, p=0.01). Conclusions: Postprandial TG responses to a high-fat meal was partially explained by several physiologic and lifestyle characteristics, including visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, aerobic exercise frequency, and relative substrate utilization crossover during exercise. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04128839, Registered 16 October 2019 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04128839

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