Postprandial GLP-1 Response to a High-fat Meal is Blunted in Obese Adolescents with Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Dyslipidemia

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is a feature of impaired metabolic health in conjunction with impaired glucose metabolism and central obesity. However, the contribution of factors to postprandial lipemia in healthy but metabolically at-risk adults is not well understood. We investigated the collective contribution of several physiologic and lifestyle factors to postprandial triglyceride (TG) response to a high-fat meal in healthy, overweight and obese adults. Methods Overweight and obese adults (n = 35) underwent a high-fat meal challenge with blood sampled at fasting and hourly in the 4-hour postprandial period after a breakfast containing 50 g fat. Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) and postprandial magnitude for TG were calculated and data analyzed using a linear model with physiologic and lifestyle characteristics as explanatory variables. Model reduction was used to assess which explanatory variables contributed most to the postprandial TG response. Results TG responses to a high-fat meal were variable between individuals, with approximately 57 % of participants exceeded the nonfasting threshold for hypertriglyceridemia. Visceral adiposity was the strongest predictor of TG iAUC (β = 0.53, p = 0.01), followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β = 0.31, p = 0.05), insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR (β = 0.30, p = 0.04), and relative exercise intensity at which substrate utilization crossover occurred (β = 0.05, p = 0.04). For postprandial TG magnitude, visceral adiposity was a strong predictor (β = 0.43, p < 0.001) followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β = 0.23, p = 0.01), and exercise intensity for substrate utilization crossover (β = 0.53, p = 0.01). Conclusions Postprandial TG responses to a high-fat meal was partially explained by several physiologic and lifestyle characteristics, including visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, aerobic exercise frequency, and relative substrate utilization crossover during exercise. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04128839, Registered 16 October 2019 – Retrospectively registered.

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Determinants of the Postprandial Triglyceride Response to a High-fat Meal in Healthy Overweight and Obese Adults.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-617713/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie M Wilson ◽

Adam P. Maes ◽

Carl J. Yeoman ◽

Seth T. Walk ◽

Mary P. Miles

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Substrate Utilization ◽

Visceral Adiposity ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Exercise Frequency ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Postprandial Triglyceride ◽

Fat Meal

Abstract Background: Dyslipidemia is a feature of impaired metabolic health in conjunction with impaired glucose metabolism and central obesity. However, the contribution of factors to postprandial lipemia in healthy but metabolically at-risk adults is not well understood. We investigated the collective contribution of several physiologic and lifestyle factors to postprandial triglyceride (TG) response to a high-fat meal in healthy, overweight and obese adults. Methods: Overweight and obese adults (n=35) underwent a high-fat meal challenge with blood sampled at fasting and hourly in the 4-hour postprandial period after a breakfast containing 50 grams fat. Incremental area under the curve and postprandial magnitude for TG were calculated and data analyzed using a linear model with physiologic and lifestyle characteristics as explanatory variables. Model reduction was used to assess which explanatory variables contributed most to the postprandial TG response.Results: TG responses to a high-fat meal were variable between individuals, with approximately 57% of participants exceeded the nonfasting threshold for hypertriglyceridemia. Visceral adiposity was the strongest predictor of TG iAUC (β=0.53, p=0.01), followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β=0.31, p=0.05), insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR (β=0.30, p=0.04), and relative exercise intensity at which substrate utilization crossover occurred (β=0.05, p=0.04). For postprandial TG magnitude, visceral adiposity was a strong predictor (β=0.43, p<0.001) followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β=0.23, p=0.01), and exercise intensity for substrate utilization crossover (β=0.53, p=0.01). Conclusions: Postprandial TG responses to a high-fat meal was partially explained by several physiologic and lifestyle characteristics, including visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, aerobic exercise frequency, and relative substrate utilization crossover during exercise. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04128839, Registered 16 October 2019 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04128839

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Postprandial Effect of a High-Fat Meal on Endotoxemia in Arab Women with and without Insulin-Resistance-Related Diseases

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu7085290 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 6375-6389 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dara Al-Disi ◽

Nasser Al-Daghri ◽

Nasiruddin Khan ◽

Assim Alfadda ◽

Reem Sallam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Arab Women ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Meal

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Insulin resistance is not associated with thermogenic effect of a high-fat meal in obese children

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/j.nutres.2014.06.003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 486-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jeremy Chan ◽

Jefferson P. Lomenick ◽

Maciej S. Buchowski ◽

Ashley H. Shoemaker

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Obese Children ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Meal

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Abstract #64: A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Metformin Hydrochloride Oral Solution (100 mg/mL) in Healthy Adult Male Patients Under Fasting, Low-Fat, and High-fat Meal Conditions

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.1016/s1530-891x(20)46341-4 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Kiran Marthak

Keyword(s):

Adult Male ◽

Pharmacokinetic Study ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Oral Solution ◽

Metformin Hydrochloride ◽

High Fat ◽

Comparative Pharmacokinetic ◽

Healthy Adult Male ◽

Male Patients ◽

Fat Meal

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Therapeutic Effect of Metformin and Vitamin E Versus Prescriptive Diet in Obese Adolescents with Fatty Liver

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000086 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 81 (6) ◽

pp. 398-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Akcam ◽

Boyaci ◽

Pirgon ◽

Kaya ◽

Uysal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Liver Steatosis ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Dietary Advice ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Obese Adolescents

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether metformin or vitamin E treatment for six months is effective in reducing body weight, blood pressure, and also ameliorating insulin resistance, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in obese adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Sixty-seven obese adolescents with liver steatosis (age range, 9 - 17 years) were included in the study. The metformin group received an 850-mg dose of metformin daily and the vitamin E group received 400 U vitamin E /daily, in capsule form for 6 months, plus an individually tailored diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy. Results: After 6 months later, there was a significant decline in body mass index, and fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) values in all three groups. Moreover, in comparingson of changes in HOMA among the groups, the metformin- treated group showed significantly improved metabolic control and insulin sensitivity (HOMA) at the end of the study. There were no significant differences for changes of adiponectin, TNF-alpha, in all three groups after 6 months study. Conclusion: These data suggest that metformin treatment is more effective than dietary advice and vitamin E treatment in reducing insulin resistance, and also in ameliorating metabolic parameters such as fasting insulin and lipid levels, in obese adolescents having NAFLD.

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