Inverse Association of Plasma Chromium Levels with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study

Abstract Background Prostate cancer (PCa) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent conditions that often occur concomitantly. However, many aspects of the impact of T2DM, particularly the duration of T2DM and antidiabetic medications, on PCa risk are poorly understood. Methods To assess the association of duration of T2DM and antidiabetic medication with PCa risk, we designed a matched case-control study, including 31,415 men with PCa and 154,812 PCa-free men in Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe) 4.1. Results Overall, a decreased risk of PCa was observed for men with T2DM (odds ratio (OR): 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78-0.84), as compared to men without T2DM. The decreased risk of PCa was consistently showed across duration of T2DM. With respect to use of antidiabetic drugs, this inverse association with duration was also found for all medications types, as compared to men without T2DM, including insulin, metformin and sulphonylurea (SU) (e.g. 3-<5yr insulin OR:0.69, 95%CI:0.60-0.80; 3-<5yr metformin OR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.74-0.91; 3-<5yr SU OR: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.62-0.83). When stratifying by PCa risk categories, this decreased risk was most evident for diagnosis of low and intermediate-risk PCa (low-risk OR: 0.65, 95%CI: 0.66-0.70, intermediate-risk OR: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.75-0.85). Conclusions The study showed an inverse association between pre-existing T2DM and PCa across different durations of T2DM and all types of T2DM medication received. This inverse association was most evident for low- and intermediate-risk PCa, suggesting that whilst T2DM and its medication may protect some men from developing PCa, the relationship warrants further study.

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Association of type 2 diabetes mellitus and antidiabetic medication with risk of prostate cancer: a population-based case-control study.

10.21203/rs.2.17846/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

E Lin ◽

Hans Garmo ◽

Mieke Van Hemelrijck ◽

Jan Adolfsson ◽

Pär Stattin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Intermediate Risk ◽

Antidiabetic Medication ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent conditions that often occur concomitantly. However, many aspects of the impact of T2DM, particularly the duration of T2DM and antidiabetic medications, on PCa risk are poorly understood. Methods: To assess the association of duration of T2DM and antidiabetic medication with PCa risk, we designed a matched case-control study, including 31,415 men with PCa and 154,812 PCa-free men in Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe) 4.1. Results: Overall, a decreased risk of PCa was observed for men with T2DM (odds ratio (OR): 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78-0.84), as compared to men without T2DM. The decreased risk of PCa was consistently showed across duration of T2DM. With respect to use of antidiabetic drugs, this inverse association with duration was also found for all medications types, as compared to men without T2DM, including insulin, metformin and sulphonylurea (SU) (e.g. 3-<5yr insulin OR:0.69, 95%CI:0.60-0.80; 3-<5yr metformin OR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.74-0.91; 3-<5yr SU OR: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.62-0.83). When stratifying by PCa risk categories, this decreased risk was most evident for diagnosis of low and intermediate-risk PCa (low-risk OR: 0.65, 95%CI: 0.66-0.70, intermediate-risk OR: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.75-0.85). Conclusions: The study showed an inverse association between pre-existing T2DM and PCa across different durations of T2DM and all types of T2DM medication received. This inverse association was most evident for low- and intermediate-risk PCa, suggesting that whilst T2DM and its medication may protect some men from developing PCa, the relationship warrants further study.

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Metformin Use and Subsequent Alzheimer’s Disease Incidence in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: a Population-based Nested Case-control Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-375444/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Junghee Ha ◽

Dong Woo Choi ◽

Kwang Joon Kim ◽

So Yeon Cho ◽

Hyunjeong Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Metformin reduces insulin resistance, which may be shared pathophysiology between diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, it has been hypothesized that metformin may be effective against AD; however, evidence of metformin effects on AD development remains insufficient and conflicting. We investigated Alzheimer’s disease risk in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin.Methods: This retrospective, observational, nested case-control study included enrolled patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Korean National Health Insurance Service diabetes mellitus cohort (2002–2017). Among 70,499 DM patients who were dementia-free at the time of DM diagnosis, 1,675 AD cases identified were matched to 8,375 controls by age, sex, and DM onset and duration. Association of AD with metformin use were analyzed using multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses adjusted for comorbidities and cardiometabolic risk profile. Results: Metformin use was associated with an increased adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of AD (1.50; 95% CI, 1.23–1.83). The strength of the association increased with the cumulative daily defined dose per day in metformin users. The risk was more pronounced among patients with a longer duration of DM (1.48; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.91, for a DM duration of 5–9 years; 2.18; 95% CI, 1.41 to 3.39 for a duration greater than 10 years), while no statistical significance was found in the patients with DM duration less than 5 years (AOR 0.88; 95%CI 0.54–1.43). Furthermore, the risk of AD was significantly higher in DM patients with depression (AOR 2.05; 1.02–4.12). Conclusions: Given the huge number of patients with DM who are taking metformin worldwide, a double-blinded, prospective study is required to determine the long-term cognitive safety of metformin.

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