scholarly journals Pyrroles as Privileged Scaffolds in the Search for New Potential HIV Inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Maria da Conceição Avelino Dias Bianco ◽  
Debora Inacio Leite Firmino Marinho ◽  
Lucas Villas Boas Hoelz ◽  
Monica Macedo Bastos ◽  
Nubia Boechat
Keyword(s):  
New Drugs ◽  
Viral Load Suppression ◽  
Pyrrole Derivatives ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
First Case ◽  
Combined Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Anti Hiv Agents ◽  
Anti Hiv

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and remains a global health problem four decades after the report of its first case. Despite success in viral load suppression and the increase in patient survival due to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the development of new drugs has become imperative due to strains that have become resistant to antiretrovirals. In this context, there has been a continuous search for new anti-HIV agents based on several chemical scaffolds, including nitrogenated heterocyclic pyrrole rings, which have been included in several compounds with antiretroviral activity. Thus, this review aims to describe pyrrole-based compounds with anti-HIV activity as a new potential treatment against AIDS, covering the period between 2015 and 2020. Our research allowed us to conclude that pyrrole derivatives are still worth exploring, as they may provide highly active compounds targeting different steps of the HIV-1 replication cycle and act with an innovative mechanism.

A Review on Quinoline Derived Scaffolds as Anti-HIV Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 510-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Chokkar ◽  
Sourav Kalra ◽  
Monika Chauhan ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Quinolone Derivative ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Anti Hiv Agents ◽  
Anti Hiv

After restricting the proliferation of CD4+T cells, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), infection persists at a very fast rate causing Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This demands the vigorous need of suitable anti-HIV agents, as existing medicines do not provide a complete cure and exhibit drawbacks like toxicities, drug resistance, side-effects, etc. Even the introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) failed to combat HIV/AIDS completely. The major breakthrough in anti-HIV discovery was marked with the discovery of raltegravir in 2007, the first integrase (IN) inhibitor. Thereafter, the discovery of elvitegravir, a quinolone derivative emerged as the potent HIV-IN inhibitor. Though many more classes of different drugs that act as anti-HIV have been identified, some of which are under clinical trials, but the recent serious focus is still laid on quinoline and its analogues. In this review, we have covered all the quinoline-based derivatives that inhibit various targets and are potential anti-HIV agents in various phases of the drug discovery.

Anti-HIV Activity of Medicinal Herbs: Usage and Potential Development

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji An Wu ◽  
Anoja S. Attele ◽  
Liu Zhang ◽  
Chun-Su Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Anti Hiv Agents ◽  
Anti Hiv

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection which subsequently leads to significant suppression of immune functions. AIDS is a significant threat to the health of mankind, and the search for effective therapies to treat AIDS is of paramount importance. Several chemical anti-HIV agents have been developed. However, besides the high cost, there are adverse effects and limitations associated with using chemotherapy for the treatment of HIV infection Thus, herbal medicines have frequently been used as an alternative medical therapy by HIV positive individuals and AIDS patients. The aim of this review is to summarize research findings for herbal medicines, which are endowed with the ability to inhibit HIV. In this article, we will emphasize a Chinese herbal medicine. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and its identified components (i.e. baicalein and baicalin) which have been shown to inhibit infectivity and replication of HIV. Potential development of anti-AIDS compounds using molecular modeling methods will also be discussed.

Plasmablastic Lymphoma of the Lung

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Lin ◽  
Gilberto D. Rodrigues ◽  
John F. Turner ◽  
Mohammad A. Vasef
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
First Case ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Distinct Subtype

Abstract Non-Hodgkin lymphomas associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are heterogeneous. Recently, a novel subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurring mostly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has been described and designated as plasmablastic lymphoma. The histomorphologic and immunophenotypic findings of this distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma have been characterized previously. Most patients present with oral cavity involvement. We report a case of plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as a lung tumor. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of this unusual subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in this location.

scholarly journals Overt Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Pseudotumor: A Rare Presentation of Cytomegalovirus Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Agrawal ◽  
Deepanshu Jain ◽  
Sameer Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous organism which can infect multiple organs of the body. In an immunocompromised patient, it can have a myriad of gastrointestinal manifestations. We report a case of recurrent hematochezia and concomitant pseudotumor in an AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) patient attributable to CMV infection. A 62-year-old man with a history of AIDS, noncompliant with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), presented with bright red blood per rectum. Index colonoscopy showed presence of multiple ulcers, colonic stenosis, and mass-like appearing lesion. Biopsy confirmed CMV infection and ruled out malignancy. Cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy and compliance with HAART lead to clinical cessation of bleeding and endoscopic healing of ulcers with complete resolution of colon mass on follow-up colonoscopy.

scholarly journals The First Case of Vestibulocochlear Neuritis in a Patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Hyun Joo Park ◽  
Chin Saeng Cho ◽  
Nak Min Kim ◽  
Su A Yun ◽  
Hee Jung Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
First Case ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

scholarly journals Leptospirosis patient with AIDS the first case reported

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth de Souza Neves ◽  
Martha Maria Pereira ◽  
Maria Clara Gutierrez Galhardo ◽  
Adriana Caroli ◽  
Jarbas Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
First Case ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Maximum Titer ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

A case of renal icterohaemorrhagic leptospirosis involving a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is reported. Despite the low levels of CD4+ Tlymphocytes, the clinical course of leptospirosis was similar to that observed in non-immunodepressed patients, and no worsening of AIDS occurred due to the infebtion by the spirochete. Serologic conversion was observed in the microscopic agglutination test, with maximum titer of1:3,200. The patient had positive urine cultures for Leptospira interrogans for two months, whereas blood cultures were negative.

scholarly journals Chronic Cystoisospora belli infection in a Colombian patient living with HIV and poor adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy

Biomédica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supl. 1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Ana Luz Galván-Díaz ◽  
Juan Carlos Alzate ◽  
Esteban Villegas ◽  
Sofía Giraldo ◽  
Jorge Botero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv

Cystoisospora belli is an intestinal Apicomplexan parasite associated with diarrheal illness and disseminated infections in humans, mainly immunocompromised individuals such as those living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). An irregular administration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV patients may increase the risk of opportunistic infections like cystoisosporiasis.We describe here a case of C. belli infection in a Colombian HIV patient with chronic gastrointestinal syndrome and poor adherence to HAART. His clinical and parasitological cure was achieved with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment. Although a reduction in the number of C. belli cases has been observed since the use of HAART, this parasite still has to be considered as a differential diagnosis of diarrheal disease in HIV/AIDS patients.Effective interventions enhancing adherence to HAART should be included in HIV patient care programs.

scholarly journals Scientific Production about the Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy

10.3823/2514 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Célia De Oliveira ◽  
Danielle Chianca De Andrade Moraes ◽  
Cleytiane Stephany Silva Santos ◽  
Gicely Regina Sobral Da Silva Monteiro ◽  
Juliana Da Rocha Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Third ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Active Medication ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Objective: To identify the elite of authors about the subject adherence to antiretroviral therapy; to identify the journals turned to publishing articles about adherence to antiretroviral therapy; and to identify and analyze the most commonly used words in abstracts of articles about adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Method: A bibliometric study conducted through the Scopus base. We used articles published between 1996 and 2014, after application of the eligibility criteria, there were composed the sample with 24 articles. The data were analyzed descriptively. Were used the laws of bibliometric (Lotka, Bradford and Zipf) and the conceptual cloud map of words, through the program Cmap tools. Results: Lotka's Law identified the 5 authors more productive (46% of the total published). Bradford is impaired in this study. Concerning Zipf, 3 zones were determined, 31.47% of the words with in the first zone, 26.46% in the second and 42.06% in the third. In the conceptual map, the words/factors that positively and negatively influence adherence were emphasized, among them the need for more research in the health services. Conclusion: There are few publications about the accession to antiretroviral therapy, and the scientific production is in the process of maturation. One can infer that the theme researched is not yet an obsolete topic. It should be noted that the Bibliometric was a relevant statistic tool to generate information about the publications about the antiretroviral therapy. Descriptors: Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Medication Adherence; Bibliometric; HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

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