scholarly journals Rootstock-Scion Interaction Affects the Composition and Pathogen Inhibitory Activity of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Root Exudates

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1652
Author(s):  
Cheng-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Yanfen Zheng ◽  
Lijuan Peng ◽  
Jianmin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Root Exudate ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Disease Induction ◽  
Resistant Rootstock ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

The composition and allelopathy to Phytophthora nicotianae (the causal agent of tobacco black shank disease) of root exudates from a resistant tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivar Gexin 3, a susceptible cultivar Xiaohuangjin 1025 and their reciprocal grafts were investigated. Grafting with disease-resistant rootstock could improve resistance to black shank; this is closely related to the allelopathy of root exudates. The root exudates from the resistant cultivar inhibited the growth of P. nicotianae, while those from the susceptible cultivar promoted the growth; the grafting varieties had intermediate properties. The root exudate composition differed among cultivars. Gexin 3 was rich in esters and fatty acids, while Xiaohuangjin 1025 contained more hydrocarbons and phenolic acids. The composition of root exudates of grafted cultivars as well as their allelopathy to P. nicotianae were altered, and tended to be close to the composition of cultivar used as rootstock. Eugenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, dipropyl phthalate, and methyl myristate were identified as the main compounds contributing to inhibitory properties of root exudates. Sorbitol was suggested to play a role in disease induction. Overall, rootstock–scion interaction affected the composition of tobacco root exudates, which may be attributed to the different disease resistance among grafted plants, rootstock and scion.

Expression of a Nicotiana tabacum pathogen-induced gene is involved in the susceptibility to black shank

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Portieles ◽  
Eduardo Canales ◽  
Osmani Chacon ◽  
Yussuan Silva ◽  
Ingrid Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Compatible Interaction ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Pathogen Virulence ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Oomycete Pathogen ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Host Genes

Many host genes induced during compatible plant–pathogen interactions constitute targets of pathogen virulence factors that act to suppress host defenses. In order to identify Nicotiana tabacum L. genes for pathogen-induced proteins involved in susceptibility to the oomycete Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae, we used SuperSAGE technology combined with next-generation sequencing to identify transcripts that were differentially upregulated during a compatible interaction. We identified a pathogen-induced gene (NtPIP) that was rapidly induced only during the compatible interaction. Virus-induced gene silencing of NtPIP reduced the susceptibility of N. tabacum to P. parasitica var. nicotianae. Additionally, transient expression of NtPIP in the resistant species Nicotiana megalosiphon Van Heurck & Mull. Arg. compromised the resistance to P. parasitica var. nicotianae. This pathogen-induced protein is therefore a positive regulator of the susceptibility response against an oomycete pathogen in tobacco.

scholarly journals Identification of stably expressed QTL for resistance to black shank disease in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) line Beinhart 1000-1

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusheng Zhang ◽  
Xuan Guo ◽  
Xingxing Yan ◽  
Min Ren ◽  
Caihong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L

scholarly journals Effect of Metalaxyl Resistance and Cultivar Resistance on Control of Phytophthora nicotianae in Tobacco

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. van Jaarsveld ◽  
M. J. Wingfield ◽  
A. Drenth
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Cultivar Resistance ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Metalaxyl Resistance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Phytophthora nicotianae is a devastating root and stem pathogen of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) in South Africa. Growers strive to control the resulting disease, known as black shank, with metalaxyl treatments and resistant cultivars. The aim of this study was to consider whether development of metalaxyl resistance in P. nicotianae has contributed to poor disease control and if recently developed cultivars with high levels of resistance require metalaxyl for effective control. One hundred and thirty-two isolates of P. nicotianae were screened for sensitivity to metalaxyl. P. nicotianae isolates from most tobacco farms were metalaxyl sensitive. Growth of most isolates was inhibited completely at 1.0 μg a.i./ml. However, isolates from the MKTV tobacco producing area showed EC50 values ranging from 1.02 μg a.i./ml to 3.57 μg a.i./ml. Twenty-one tobacco cultivars were planted and treated with and without metalaxyl in two different growing seasons to evaluate their resistance to P. nicotianae and the value of using metalaxyl. Hicks was the most susceptible cultivar. Vuma/3/46, LK30/40/60-1, and LK33/60 exhibited the greatest resistance to P. nicotianae. Use of metalaxyl in combination with moderately resistant cultivars such as NC60 × TL33 and LK10/80/60 effectively reduced black shank in the field. Resistant cultivars were healthy and no significant difference between metalaxyl treated and untreated plants was observed.

INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO BLACK SHANK IN NICOTIANA TABACUM L.

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Collins ◽  
Paul D. Legg ◽  
C. C. Litton ◽  
M. J. Kasperbauer
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Resistant Progeny

Resistance to race 0 of black shank (Phytophthora parasitica var. Nicotianae) derived from Nicotians longiflora Cav. and transferred to the burley tobacco breeding line L8 appears to be conditioned by a single dominant gene. However, on the basis of expected ratios for a single dominant gene, a deficiency of resistant progeny was observed in the F2 and backcross generations. Haploid plants extracted from F1 individuals heterozygous for black shank resistance substantiated the deficiency in the resistance class. The haploid segregation with reduced recovery of the resistant genotype rules out preferential pollination as the cause for the altered ratios. The mechanism responsible for impaired function of the gamete carrying the allele for resistance is not known.

Identification and validation of SNP markers associated with Wz-mediated Phytophthora nicotianae resistance in Nicotiana tabacum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Shi ◽  
Hannah Hubert ◽  
Abigail Dexter-Boone ◽  
Jianmin Zeng ◽  
Sheri P. Kernodle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L

Clarifying the Source of Black Shank Resistance in Flue-cured Tobacco

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Johnson ◽  
Jeremy A. Pattison ◽  
Elizabeth M. Clevinger ◽  
Thomas A. Melton ◽  
Bruce A. Fortnum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Cultivar Resistance ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Rotation Strategy

Widespread use of resistance to race 0 of Phytophthora nicotianae in flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) has increased problems with race 1 in commercial fields. The RAPD marker UBC30, tightly linked to the Ph gene for resistance to race 0, was used to clarify the presence of the Ph gene in specific cultivars to enable farmers to more appropriately match cultivar resistance to the pathogen races predominating in their fields. The marker UBC30 was present in 20 of the 31 flue-cured tobacco cultivars tested, including CC 27, GL 350, NC 196, SP 220, SP 225, SP 227, and NC 810. These cultivars were previously thought to not possess the Ph gene. Presence of UBC30 was highly correlated (r = 0.93; P ≤ 0.001) with survival in fields infested primarily with race 0, and with greater survival in fields infested primarily with race 0 versus race 1 of the pathogen (r = 0.76; P ≤ 0.001). The likely presence of the Ph gene in so many currently grown flue-cured tobacco cultivars may limit farmers' ability to shift pathogen populations back to race 0 from race 1 via the recommended cultivar rotation strategy. Accepted for publication 27 February 2008. Published 18 June 2008.

Effect of interaction between Phytophthora nicotianae and Meloidogyne spp. on the productivity and quality of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum)

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1179-1192
Author(s):  
Diana M. Vanegas-Villa ◽  
Rafael A. Navarro-Álzate ◽  
Lucia Afanador-Kafuri ◽  
Jaime A. Gutiérrez-Monsalve ◽  
Juan G. Morales-Osorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Summary Black shank disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae is the most devastating pathology in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). In Colombia, an increase in the severity of P. nicotianae has been reported when parasitic nematodes are active in tobacco plants. The main objective of this study was to determine the pathogenicity, leaf quality and interaction between P. nicotianae (Races 0 and 1) with Meloidogyne spp. on tobacco plants in samples collected in 15 farms of Colombia. To quantify the interaction between both pathogens, variables such as plant survival, index of pathogenicity, and chemical and physical quality of the leaves were measured. Within a confidence level of 95% there is evidence of a positive synergistic effect between Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica and P. nicotianae (Races 0 and 1) in a variety-dependent manner. For ‘ICA Servita’ the variables of index of pathogenicity, of root-knots and fresh weight of root, reduced the leaf price because of the interaction. For ‘K346’, Race 0 of P. nicotianae apparently reduced the pathogenicity of M. javanica in contrast to P. nicotianae Race 1. In addition, ‘ICA Servita’ and ‘K346’ showed susceptibility to nematodes. At the end of the harvest of ‘ICA Servita’, the interaction caused a considerable decrease in the physical and chemical quality of tobacco leaves, resulting in lower weight and number of leaves, affecting the price of tobacco in the market with reductions of more than 50%. Plant mortality of ‘ICA Servita’ and ‘K346’ was 50 and 60%, respectively, in interactions with both pathogens.

CYTOGENETICS OF A BURLEY TOBACCO BREEDING LINE DERIVED FROM A CROSS WITH NICOTIANA LONGIFLORA CAV

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-388
Author(s):  
G. B. Collins ◽  
P. D. Legg
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Nicotiana Longiflora ◽  
Metaphase I

Cytological investigations of a burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) breeding line designated as L-8 and carrying race 0 black shank resistance derived from a cross with N. longiflora Cav. revealed the regular occurrence of 24 bivalents at metaphase I of meiosis. Instability was apparent at the meiotic anaphase and tetrad stages and from observations of mitotic anaphase and metaphase figures. Pollen viability of L-8 as estimated by a staining technique was very similar to that obtained for a standard burley variety. Comparable cytological observations were extended to the F1 hybrids of L-8 with three burley varieties. The findings were similar for L-8 and the F1 hybrids. The occurrence of 24 bivalents in meiocytes of F1 hybrids provided strong evidence for incorporation of black shank resistance from N. longiflora into N. tabacum by segmental substitution rather than by alien addition of a longiflora chromosome as previously reported.

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