scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Controlled Release Urea Using Biopolymer and Geopolymer as Coating Materials

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babar Azeem ◽  
Kuzilati KuShaari ◽  
Muhammad Naqvi ◽  
Lau Kok Keong ◽  
Mohammed Khaloofah Almesfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Nitrogen Release ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Spray Rate ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

Synthetic polymers-based controlled release urea (CRU) leaves non-biodegradable coating shells when applied in soil. Several alternative green materials are used to produce CRU, but most of these studies have issues pertaining to nitrogen release longevity, process viability, and the ease of application of the finished product. In this study, we utilized tapioca starch, modified by polyvinyl alcohol and citric acid, as coating material to produce controlled release coated urea granules in a rotary fluidized bed equipment. Response surface methodology is employed for studying the interactive effect of process parameters on urea release characteristics. Statistical analysis indicates that the fluidizing air temperature and spray rate are the most influential among all five process parameters studied. The optimum values of fluidizing air temperature (80 °C), spray rate (0.13 mL/s), atomizing pressure (3.98 bar), process time (110 min), and spray temperature (70 °C) were evaluated by multi-objective optimization while using genetic algorithms in MATLAB®. Urea coated by modified-starch was double coated by a geopolymer to enhance the controlled release characteristics that produced promising results with respect to the longevity of nitrogen release from the final product. This study provides leads for the design of a fluidized bed for the scaled-up production of CRU.

Optimization of Coating Thickness in a Tangential Fluidized Bed

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Ku Zilati Ku Shaari ◽  
Luqman Hakim Hassan ◽  
Zakaria Man
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Significant Process ◽  
Disc Rotation ◽  
Disc Rotation Speed

The focal intention of this research was to investigate the factors influencing the coating thickness of urea granule by using modified biopolymer which performed in a tangential fluidized bed. The effects of inlet air temperature, disc rotation speed and spraying rate on coating thickness of urea granule were investigated. In this study, the results showed that the significant process parameters which effect the coating thickness was spraying rate (58.585%), followed by disc rotation speed (21.579%) and inlet air temperature (18.883%). The optimized process parameters in this work were 400C for inlet air temperature, 40 rpm for disc rotation speed and 2 rpm for spraying rate. The confirmation run for this work had verified the conclusion from the variance analysis.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF AQUEOUS-BASED FILM COATING PROCESS PARAMETERS CONTAINING GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

2019 ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
NISHANT OZA ◽  
AKRUTI KHODAKIYA ◽  
SWATI SAGAR
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Full Factorial Design ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Coated Tablet ◽  
Spray Rate ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
32 Full Factorial Design

Objective: The aim of the present work was to prepare film coated tablet of glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride and study the effect of coating process parameters which implicate more significant effects on an aqueous-based film coating process of tablets. Methods: The different batches of uncoated tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. Aqueous film coating was carried out by using opadry®II white 85F18422. A 32 full factorial design was employed to study the effect of spray rate (X1) and inlet air temperature (X2) on coating uniformity, coating process efficiency and % loss on drying. The surface characteristics of the aqueous based film coated tablet were studied using a SEM. Check point batch was prepared to validate the evolved model. Results: Preliminary trials indicated that individually process parameters affected the quality of coated tablets. Hence, studied the combined effect of these factors on the coating process required and 32 full factorial design was applied. In this study, it was seen that spray rate and inlet air temperature had a major effect on tablet coating process. It was observed from factorial batch that maximum drug release was found in batch F5. Conclusion: The results of full factorial design indicate both parameters spray rate (X1) and inlet air temperature (X2) have significant effect on coating process and batch F5 is stable for 3 mo at accelerated condition.

Recent Advancements on Superabsorbent Polymers to Produce Controlled Release Urea (Short Review)

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 761-765
Author(s):  
Babar Azeem ◽  
Ku Zilati Ku Shaari ◽  
Zakaria Man ◽  
Duvvuri Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Nitrogen Losses ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

Controlled release urea (CRU) is produced to avoid nitrogen losses caused by volatilization, leaching and denitrification. Superabsorbent polymer materials have recently caught the attention of research circles to be used as coating materials to produce CRU. This review portrays recent advancements on the use of superabsorbent polymer materials to produce CRU with special focus on release experiments.

Optimization of Pan Coating Process for Increased Efficiency of Controlled-Release Urea Fertilizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
Trung Huu Nguyen ◽  
Tran Nguyen Minh An ◽  
Mahboob Alam ◽  
Duc Hoai Tran ◽  
Nghi Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Sauter Mean Diameter ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

The goal of the research is to develop an experimental mathematical model of pan coating process effect on the biodegradable polymer and to determine optimal process parameters. The polymer solution was conducted with phosphated di-starch phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyacrylic acid and performed as material coating for the controlled-release urea fertilizer. The image analysis method has been used to determine the particle size distribution, Sauter mean diameter of the particle and layer thickness that is novel. The central composite rotatable design has been selected to determine the regression models of the process, which described the relationship between two objective variables as layer thickness, release time with angle of pan, spray flow, and coating time. The statistical analysis results indicate the fitness of model.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document