Outdoor Wood Mats-Based Engineering Composite: Influence of Process Parameters on Decay Resistance against Wood-Degrading Fungi Trametes versicolor and Gloeophyllum trabeum

The process parameters significantly influence the preparation and final properties of outdoor wood mats-based engineering composite (OWMEC). During outdoor use, wood composites are susceptible to destruction by rot fungi. Herein, the role of process parameters such as density and resin content on OWMEC resistance to fungal decay was investigated. The poplar OWMEC samples were exposed to white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor and brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum for a period of 12 weeks. The chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology were evaluated to investigate the effect of process parameters on the chemical composition and microstructure of the decayed OWMEC. With an increase in the density and resin content, the mass loss of the decayed OWMEC decreased. The highest antifungal effect against T. versicolor (12.34% mass loss) and G. trabeum (19.43% mass loss) were observed at a density of 1.15 g/m3 and resin content of 13%. As results of the chemical composition and microstructure measurements, the resistance of OWMEC against T. versicolor and G. trabeum fungi was improved remarkably by increasing the density and resin content. The results of this study will provide a technical basis to improve the decay resistance of OWMEC in outdoor environments.

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Biological resistance of nanoclay-treated plastic composites with different bamboo contents to three types of fungi

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0892705718817339 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 1048-1060 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hamid R Taghiyari ◽

Ehsan Bari ◽

Asghar Sistani ◽

Mohammad Najafian ◽

Mohammad Ali Tajick Ghanbary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Soft Rot ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

European Standard ◽

Plastic Composites ◽

Mass Losses ◽

Injection Molded ◽

Synthetic Matrix

The present study investigated the effects of exposure of bamboo–plastic composites to three aggressive fungi species on mass loss values. Polyvinyl chloride was used as the synthetic matrix of the composite. Three mixing combinations were used for bamboo–polymer composites, namely 40/60, 50/50, and 60/40. The injection-molded process was employed to produce the composites. Specimens were prepared according to modified European standard specifications (EN-113) to be exposed to white-, brown-, and soft-rot fungi each month for 4 months. The results indicated that the soft-rot fungus ( Chaetomium globosum) generally caused higher mass losses in all bamboo/plastic combination ratios. Brown- and soft-rot fungi demonstrated different mass losses on different combination ratios. However, the white-rot fungus ( Trametes versicolor) caused nearly the same mass losses on all three combination ratios. Moreover, T. versicolor was highly significant with respect to mass loss and moisture content. It can therefore be concluded that the T. versicolor has a different decay metabolism when compared to the brown- and soft-rot fungus used in this study.

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Fungal decay resistance of wood reacted with phosphorus pentoxide-amine system

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf.2004.048 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 311-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H.-L. Lee ◽

G.C. Chen ◽

R.M. Rowell

Keyword(s):

Brown Rot ◽

Decay Resistance ◽

Phosphorus Pentoxide ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽

Brown Rot Fungus ◽

Nitro Derivatives ◽

Amine System

Abstract Resistance of wood reacted in situ with phosphorus pentoxide-amine to the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum and white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor was examined. Wood reacted with either octyl, tribromo, or nitro derivatives were more resistant to both fungi. Threshold retention values of phosphoramide-reacted wood to white-rot fungus T. versicolor ranged from 2.9 to 13.3 mmol, while these for brown-rot fungus G. trabeum ranged from 8.1 to 19.2 mmol. Wood reacted with phosphoramide tested to be more resistant to white-rot than brown-rot attack.

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Influence of Copper and Biopolymer/Saqez Resin on the Properties of Poplar Wood

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11060667 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 667 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huijun Dong ◽

Mohsen Bahmani ◽

Sohrab Rahimi ◽

Miha Humar

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Weight Percent Gain ◽

Weight Percent ◽

Decay Resistance ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Poplar Wood ◽

Wood Protection ◽

Increasing Trend

There is an increasing trend in the use of environmentally-friendly materials in wood protection. This includes the use of less toxic active ingredients, as well as better fixation. This study investigates the formulation based on the combination of copper and Saqez resin on the physical and biological resistance properties of poplar wood. Samples were treated by either copper-ethanolamine (Cu/MEA) and/or Saqez resin at various treatment levels. A vacuum pressure procedure was applied. The retention, weight percent gain, water absorption, volumetric swelling, and decay resistance of the samples were then determined. The highest retention and weight percent gain were obtained in the samples treated with the combination of copper-based system and Saqez resin. Additionally, the combination of the copper and Saqez improved the physical properties and decay-resistance against white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor.

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Anti-Fungal Activity Characterization of Four Rosinyl Quaternary Ammonium Salts

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.810 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 183-185 ◽

pp. 810-813

Author(s):

Tao Liang ◽

Jian Li ◽

Shu Jun Li ◽

Yan Jin

Keyword(s):

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salts ◽

Ammonium Salts ◽

White Rot ◽

Chaetomium Globosum ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽

Irpex Lacteus ◽

Anti Fungal

The anti-fungal activities of four self-prepared rosinyl quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), QASA, BQAS1, BQAS2 and DQAS, were evaluated with paper disc method in this paper. The result showed that, all the QAS of rosin were bioactive to the selected fungi, Irpex lacteus, Trametes versicolor, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Chaetomium globosum, and Paecilomyces variotii. There were obvious inhibition halos for all QAS to the fungi. The result proved that the QAS of rosin were broad-spectrum anti-fungal. Especially, to white rot fungus Trametes versicolor, brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum and soft rot fungus Chaetomium globosum, they were more effective. When the concentration reached 3.2% (w/w), the inhibition halo diameters all met or exceeded 25mm. Among these four anti-fungal derivatives of rosin, the Gemini QAS (BQAS1 and BQAS2) had bigger inhibition halo diameters than the others, which indicated that the Gemini QAS of rosin were more anti-fungal than the normal QAS of rosin.

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Influence of Copper and Biopolymer/Saqez Resin on the Properties of Poplar Wood

10.20944/preprints202005.0131.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Huijun Dong ◽

Mohsen Bahmani ◽

Sohrab Rahimi ◽

Miha Humar

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Weight Percent Gain ◽

Weight Percent ◽

Decay Resistance ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Poplar Wood ◽

Wood Protection ◽

Protection Technology

There is an increasing interest in applying environmentally-friendly materials in wood protection technology. This include the use of less toxic active ingredients, as well as better fixation. This study investigates the formulation based on the combination of copper and Saqez resin on the physical and biological resistance properties of poplar wood. Samples were treated by either copper-ethanolamine (Cu/MEA) and/or Saqez resin at various treatment levels. A vacuum pressure procedure was applied. The retention, weight percent gain, water absorption, volumetric swelling, and decay resistance of the samples were then determined. The highest retention and weight percent gain were obtained at the samples treated with the combination of copper-based system and Saqez resin. Additionally, the combination of the copper and Saqez improved the physical properties and decay-resistance against white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor.

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Investigation of fungal decay of poplar wood treated with pistachio resin

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.1.779-788 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 779-788

Author(s):

Maede Ahadnezhad ◽

Soheila Izadyar ◽

Davood Efhamisisi

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Populus Deltoides ◽

Treated Wood ◽

Brown Rot ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Poplar Wood ◽

Fungal Decay ◽

Brown Rot Fungus

The density, swelling, and fungal decay of poplar (Populus deltoides) wood treated with pistachio resin (PR) obtained from Pistacia atlantica were investigated. The white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor and the brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana were used. Methanolic solutions of PR with different concentrations of 1%, 6%, 12%, and 15% were used as the preservative solution. Wood samples were saturated by two different vacuum/pressure (V/P) and dipping methods. The density, volumetric swelling of treated wood, and their mass loss (ML) caused by fungal decay were determined. The density of treated species increased to 15.4% and 5.8% for V/P and dipping methods, respectively, at 15% PR concentration. The volumetric swelling of the treated samples was reduced to 24.5% and 16.8% for V/P and dipping procedure, respectively, at 15% PR concentration. The mass loss of treated samples after exposure to T. versicolor was less than the untreated one (17.4% for V/P and 22.6% for dipping methods at 15% PR concentration). The results showed the better performance of V/P treatment in promotion of wood durability against fungal decay than the dipping method.

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Antifungal activity and fire resistance properties of nano-chitosan treated wood

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.3.5926-5939 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 5926-5939

Author(s):

Laya Khademibami ◽

H. Michael Barnes ◽

Dragica Jeremic ◽

Rubin Shmulsky ◽

Keith Bourne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Mass Loss ◽

Fire Resistance ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

Treated Wood ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

White Rot ◽

Vacuum Impregnation ◽

Gloeophyllum Trabeum

Fungal decay and fire resistance properties of wood treated with nano-chitosan-TPP particles were investigated. Quaternized and non-quaternized nano-chitosan particles crosslinked with a commercial fire-retardant, tripolyphosphate, were prepared from low molecular weight chitosan (with a molecular weight of 50 to 190 kDa). Different treatments were performed on southern yellow pine wood samples via a vacuum impregnation process for both quaternized and non-quaternized nano-chitosan-TPP particles with a concentration ratio of 12% to 4.8% (nano-chitosan to TPP). Both the leached and unleached treated wood samples were exposed to brown rot (Gloeophyllum trabeum) and white rot (Trametes versicolor) fungi according to AWPA standard E10-16. The flammability test was performed with a cone calorimeter according to ASTM standard E1354-15. The heat release rate and the mass loss rate were measured. The results of the fungal tests indicated that the quaternization of the nano-chitosan particles resulted in a reduced mass loss in the pine samples when exposed to Trametes versicolor under leached conditions. Additionally, without the quaternization of the nano-chitosan particles, the mass loss in the pine samples was reduced when exposed to Gloeophyllum trabeum under unleached conditions. The production of nano-chitosan-TPP particles had a significant effect on the fire-retardant activity of the treated wood samples.

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