fire resistance
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2022 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 103830
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Seddik Hassan ◽  
Reda M.H. Aly ◽  
Abdullah Mossa Y. Alzahrani ◽  
Mahmoud M. Abd El-razik ◽  
H. Shoukry

2022 ◽  
Vol 430 ◽  
pp. 132854
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Luo ◽  
Ziyan Li ◽  
Junyan Shen ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
...  

Fire ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Marina Gravit ◽  
Daria Shabunina

The requirements for the fire resistance of steel structures of oil and gas facilities for transportation and production of hydrocarbons are considered (structures of tankers and offshore platforms). It is found that the requirements for the values of fire resistance of structures under hydrocarbon rather than standard fire conditions are given only for offshore stationary platforms. Experimental studies on the loss of integrity (E) and thermal insulating capacity (I) of steel bulkheads and deck with mineral wool under standard and hydrocarbon fire regimes are presented. Simulation of structure heating was performed, which showed a good correlation with the experimental results (convective heat transfer coefficients for bulkheads of class H: 50 W/m2·K; for bulkheads of class A: 25 W/m2·K). The consumption of mineral slabs and endothermic mat for the H-0 bulkhead is predicted. It is calculated that under a standard fire regime, mineral wool with a density of 80–100 kg/m2 and a thickness of 40 to 85 mm should be used; under a hydrocarbon fire regime, mineral wool with a density above 100 kg/m2 and a thickness of 60–150 mm is required. It is shown that to protect the structures of decks and bulkheads in a hydrocarbon fire regime, it is necessary to use 30–40% more thermal insulation and apply the highest density of fire-retardant material compared to the standard fire regime. Parameters of thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the applied flame retardant in the temperature range from 0 to 1000 °C were clarified.


Coatings ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Vicente Hernandez ◽  
Romina Romero ◽  
Sebastián Arias ◽  
David Contreras

In this study, a novel method for calcium carbonate deposition in wood that increases carbon dioxide concentration and fire resistance is proposed. The method promoted the mineralization of radiata pine wood microstructure with calcium carbonate by using a process consisting in the vacuum impregnation of wood with a calcium chloride aqueous solution and the subsequent sequential diffusion of gaseous ammonium and carbon dioxide. In the most favorable conditions, the method yielded a weight gain of about 20 wt.% due to mineralization, which implied the accumulation of 0.467 mmol·g−1 of carbon dioxide in the microstructure of wood. In addition, a weight gain of about 8% was sufficient to provide fire resistance to a level similar to that achieved by a commercially available fire-retardant treatment. The feasibility of retaining carbon dioxide directly inside the wood microstructure can be advantageous for developing wood products with enhanced environmental characteristics. This method can be a potential alternative for users seeking materials that could be effective at supporting a full sustainable development.


2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwamuyiwa Okunrounmu ◽  
Osama (Sam) Salem ◽  
George Hadjisophocleous

PurposeThe fire resistance of timber structures is heavily dependent on the fire behaviour of the connections between its structural elements. The experimental study presented in this paper aimed to investigate the fire performance of glued-laminated timber beam connections reinforced perpendicular-to-wood grain with self-tapping screws (STS).Design/methodology/approachTwo full-size fire experiments were conducted on glulam beam-end connections loaded in flexure bending. Two connection configurations, each utilizing four steel bolts arranged in two different patterns, were reinforced perpendicular to wood grain using STS. The bolt heads and nuts and the steel plate top and bottom edges were fire protected using wood plugs and strips, respectively. Each connection configuration was loaded to 100% of the ultimate design load of the weakest unreinforced configuration. The test assemblies were exposed to elevated temperatures that followed the CAN/ULC-S101 standard fire time–temperature curve.FindingsThe experimental results show that the influence of the STS was significant as it prevented the occurrence of wood splitting and row shear-out and as a result, increased the fire resistance time of the connections. The time to failure of both connection configurations exceeded the minimum fire resistance rating specified as 45 min for combustible construction in applicable building codes.Originality/valueThe experimental data show the effectiveness of a simple fire protection system (i.e. wood plugs and strips) along with the utilization of STS on the rotational behaviour, charring rate, fire resistance time and failure mode of the proposed hybrid mass timber beam-end connection configurations.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gazizov

Abstract. Increasing the fire resistance of wooden structures is relevant because of their increased flammability. The article describes an experimental study using NEOMID flame retardant paint and silica powder as a flame retardant for wooden structures. According to the results of the experiment, a group of fire-retardant effectiveness of the tested fire-retardant composition was established with different methods of its use.


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