scholarly journals Retrieval of Global Orbit Drift Corrected Land Surface Temperature from Long-term AVHRR Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Tang ◽  
Yan ◽  
Li ◽  
Liang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Bayesian Optimization ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Avhrr Data ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensors provide a valuable data source for generating long-term global land surface temperature (LST). However, changes in the observation time that are caused by satellite orbit drift restrict their wide application. Here, a generalized split-window (GSW) algorithm was implemented to retrieve the LST from the time series AVHRR data. Afterwards, a novel orbit drift correction (ODC) algorithm, which was based on the diurnal temperature cycle (DTC) model and Bayesian optimization algorithm, was also proposed for normalizing the estimated LST to the same local time. This ODC algorithm is pixel-based and it only needs one observation every day. The resulting LSTs from the six-year National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-14 satellite data were validated while using Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) in-situ measurements. The average accuracies for LST retrieval varied from −0.4 K to 2.0 K over six stations and they also depended on the viewing zenith angle and season. The simulated data illustrate that the proposed ODC method can improve the LST estimate at a similar magnitude to the accuracy of the LST retrieval, i.e., the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of the corrected LSTs were 1.3 K, 2.2 K, and 3.1 K for the LST with a retrieval RMSE of 1 K, 2 K, and 3 K, respectively. This method was less sensitive to the fractional vegetation cover (FVC), including the FVC retrieval error, size, and degree of change within a neighboring area, which suggested that it could be easily updated by applying other LST expression models. In addition, ground validation also showed an encouraging correction effect. The RMSE variations of LST estimation that were introduced by ODC were within ±0.5 K, and the correlation coefficients between the corrected LST errors and original LST errors could approach 0.91.

scholarly journals A global long-term (1981–2000) land surface temperature product for NOAA AVHRR

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 3247-3268
Author(s):  
Jin Ma ◽  
Ji Zhou ◽  
Frank-Michael Göttsche ◽  
Shunlin Liang ◽  
Shaofei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Noaa Avhrr ◽  
Orbital Drift

Abstract. Land surface temperature (LST) plays an important role in the research of climate change and various land surface processes. Before 2000, global LST products with relatively high temporal and spatial resolutions are scarce, despite a variety of operational satellite LST products. In this study, a global 0.05∘×0.05∘ historical LST product is generated from NOAA advanced very-high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR) data (1981–2000), which includes three data layers: (1) instantaneous LST, a product generated by integrating several split-window algorithms with a random forest (RF-SWA); (2) orbital-drift-corrected (ODC) LST, a drift-corrected version of RF-SWA LST; and (3) monthly averages of ODC LST. For an assumed maximum uncertainty in emissivity and column water vapor content of 0.04 and 1.0 g cm−2, respectively, evaluated against the simulation dataset, the RF-SWA method has a mean bias error (MBE) of less than 0.10 K and a standard deviation (SD) of 1.10 K. To compensate for the influence of orbital drift on LST, the retrieved RF-SWA LST was normalized with an improved ODC method. The RF-SWA LST were validated with in situ LST from Surface Radiation Budget (SURFRAD) sites and water temperatures obtained from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). Against the in situ LST, the RF-SWA LST has a MBE of 0.03 K with a range of −1.59–2.71 K, and SD is 1.18 K with a range of 0.84–2.76 K. Since water temperature only changes slowly, the validation of ODC LST was limited to SURFRAD sites, for which the MBE is 0.54 K with a range of −1.05 to 3.01 K and SD is 3.57 K with a range of 2.34 to 3.69 K, indicating good product accuracy. As global historical datasets, the new AVHRR LST products are useful for filling the gaps in long-term LST data. Furthermore, the new LST products can be used as input to related land surface models and environmental applications. Furthermore, in support of the scientific research community, the datasets are freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3934354 for RF-SWA LST (Ma et al., 2020a), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3936627 for ODC LST (Ma et al., 2020c), and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3936641 for monthly averaged LST (Ma et al., 2020b).

scholarly journals Sensitivity Analysis and Validation of Daytime and Nighttime Land Surface Temperature Retrievals from Landsat 8 Using Different Algorithms and Emissivity Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliihsan Sekertekin ◽  
Stefania Bonafoni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
The United States ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Landsat 8

Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a substantial element indicating the relationship between the atmosphere and the land. This study aims to examine the efficiency of different LST algorithms, namely, Single Channel Algorithm (SCA), Mono Window Algorithm (MWA), and Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE), using both daytime and nighttime Landsat 8 data and in-situ measurements. Although many researchers conducted validation studies of daytime LST retrieved from Landsat 8 data, none of them considered nighttime LST retrieval and validation because of the lack of Land Surface Emissivity (LSE) data in the nighttime. Thus, in this paper, we propose using a daytime LSE image, whose acquisition is close to nighttime Thermal Infrared (TIR) data (the difference ranges from one day to four days), as an input in the algorithm for the nighttime LST retrieval. In addition to evaluating the three LST methods, we also investigated the effect of six Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)-based LSE models in this study. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were carried out for both in-situ measurements and LST methods for satellite data. Simultaneous ground-based LST measurements were collected from Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) and Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) stations, located at different rural environments of the United States. Concerning the in-situ sensitivity results, the effect on LST of the uncertainty of the downwelling and upwelling radiance was almost identical in daytime and nighttime. Instead, the uncertainty effect of the broadband emissivity in the nighttime was half of the daytime. Concerning the satellite observations, the sensitivity of the LST methods to LSE proved that the variation of the LST error was smaller than daytime. The accuracy of the LST retrieval methods for daytime Landsat 8 data varied between 2.17 K Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and 5.47 K RMSE considering all LST methods and LSE models. MWA with two different LSE models presented the best results for the daytime. Concerning the nighttime accuracy of the LST retrieval, the RMSE value ranged from 0.94 K to 3.34 K. SCA showed the best results, but MWA and RTE also provided very high accuracy. Compared to daytime, all LST retrieval methods applied to nighttime data provided highly accurate results with the different LSE models and a lower bias with respect to in-situ measurements.

Long-term trends of surface reflectance derived from models, satellite and in-situ observations over polar areas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lanconelli ◽  
Fabrizio Cappucci ◽  
Bernardo Mota ◽  
Nadine Gobron ◽  
Amelie Driemel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
In Situ Observations

<div> <p>Nowadays, an increasingly amount of remote sensing and in-situ data are extending over decades. They contribute to increase the relevance of long-term studies aimed to deduce the mechanisms underlying the climate change dynamics. The aim of this study is to investigate the coherence between trends of different long-term climate related variables including the surface albedo (A) and land surface temperature (LST) as obtained by remote sensing platforms, models and in-situ observations. </p> </div><div> <p>Directional-hemispherical and bi-hemispherical broadband surface reflectances as derived from MODIS-MCD43 (v006) and MISR, and the analogous products of the Copernicus Global Land (CGLS) and C3S services derived from SPOT-VEGETATION, PROBA-V and AVHRR (v0 and v1), have been harmonized and, together with the ECMWF ERA-5 model, assessed with respect ground data taken over polar areas, over a temporal window spanning the last 20 years.  </p> </div><div> <p>The benchmark was established using in-situ measurements provided from the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) over four Arctic and four Antarctic sites. The 1-minute resolution datasets of broadband upwelling and down-welling radiation, have been reduced to directional- and bi-hemispherical reflectances, with the same time scale of satellite products (1-day, 10-days, monthly).  </p> </div><div> <p>A similar approach was used to investigate the fitness for purpose of Land Surface Temperature as derived by MODIS (MOD11), ECMWF ERA-5, with respect to the brightness temperature derived using BSRN measurements over the longwave band.  </p> </div><div> <p>The entire temporal series are decomposed into seasonal and residual components, and then the presence of monotonic significant trends are assessed using the non-parametric Kendall test. Preliminary results shown a strong correlation between negative albedo trends and positive LST trends, especially in arctic regions. </p> </div>

scholarly journals A global long-term (1981–2000) land surface temperature product for NOAA AVHRR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Ma ◽  
Ji Zhou ◽  
Frank-Michael Göttsche ◽  
Shunlin Liang ◽  
Shaofei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Noaa Avhrr ◽  
Orbital Drift

Abstract. Land Surface Temperature (LST) plays an important role in the research of climate change and various land surface processes. Before 2000, global LST products with relatively high temporal and spatial resolutions are scarce, despite of a variety of operational satellite LST products. In this study, a global 0.05° × 0.05° historical LST product is generated from NOAA AVHRR data (1981–2000), which includes three data layers: (1) instantaneous LST, a product generated by integrating several Split-Window Algorithms with a Random Forest (RF-SWA); (2) orbital drift corrected (ODC) LST, a drift corrected version of RF-SWA LST; (3) monthly averages of ODC LST. For an assumed maximum uncertainty in emissivity and column water vapour content of 0.04 and 1.0 g/cm2, respectively and evaluated against the simulation data set, the RF-SWA method has a Mean Bias Error (MBE) of less than 0.10 K and a Standard Deviation (STD) of 1.10 K. To compensate the influence of orbital drift on LST, the retrieved RF-SWA LST was normalized with an improved ODC method. The RF-SWA LST were validated with in-situ LST from Surface Radiation Budget (SURFRAD) sites and water temperatures obtained from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). Against the in-situ LST, the RF-SWA LST has a MBE 0.03 K with a range of −1.59 K–2.71 K and STD is 1.18 K with a range of 0.84 K–2.76 K. Since water temperature only changes slowly, the validation of ODC LST was limited to SURFRAD sites, for which the MBE is 0.54 K with a range of −1.05 K to 3.01 K and STD is 3.57 K with a range of 2.34 K to 3.69 K, indicating a good product accuracy. As global historical datasets, the new AVHRR LST products are useful for filling the gaps in long-term LST data. Furthermore, the new LST products can be used as input to related land surface models and environmental applications. Furthermore, in support of the scientific research community, the datasets are freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3934354 for RF-SWA LST (Ma et al., 2020a); https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3936627 for ODC LST (Ma et al., 2020c); https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3936641 for monthly averaged LST (Ma et al., 2020b).

scholarly journals Low-Cost Radiometer for Landsat Land Surface Temperature Validation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Jonathan Miller ◽  
Aaron Gerace ◽  
Rehman Eon ◽  
Matthew Montanaro ◽  
Robert Kremens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Initial Field

Land Surface Temperature (ST) represents the radiative temperature of the Earth’s surface and is used as input to hydrological, agricultural, and meteorological science applications. Due to the synoptic nature of satellite imaging systems, ST products derived from space-borne platforms are invaluable for estimating ST at the local, regional, and global scale. In the past two decades, an emphasis has been placed on the need to develop algorithms necessary to deliver accurate surface temperature products to support the needs of science users. However, corresponding efforts to validate these products are hindered by the availability of quality ground-based reference measurements. The NOAA Surface Radiation Budget (SURFRAD) network is commonly used to support ST validation efforts, but their instrumentation is broadband (4–50 μ m) and several of their sites lack spatial uniformity. To address the apparent deficiencies within existing validation networks, this work discusses a prototype radiometer that was developed to provide surface temperature estimates to support validation efforts for spaceborne thermal instruments. Specifically, a prototype radiometer was designed, built, and calibrated to acquire ground reference data to be used to validate ST product(s) derived from Landsat 8 image data. Lab-based efforts indicate that these prototype instruments are accurate to within 1.28 K and initial field measurements demonstrate agreement to Landsat-derived ST products to within 1.37 K.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Satellite Estimates of Land Surface Temperature from GOES over the United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel T. Pinker ◽  
Donglian Sun ◽  
Meng-Pai Hung ◽  
Chuan Li ◽  
Jeffrey B. Basara
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Information Service ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Oklahoma Mesonet ◽  
Split Window Algorithm

Abstract A comprehensive evaluation of split-window and triple-window algorithms to estimate land surface temperature (LST) from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) that were previously described by Sun and Pinker is presented. The evaluation of the split-window algorithm is done against ground observations and against independently developed algorithms. The triple-window algorithm is evaluated only for nighttime against ground observations and against the Sun and Pinker split-window (SP-SW) algorithm. The ground observations used are from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Central Facility, Southern Great Plains site (April 1997–March 1998); from five Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) stations (1996–2000); and from the Oklahoma Mesonet. The independent algorithms used for comparison include the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service operational method and the following split-window algorithms: that of Price, that of Prata and Platt, two versions of that of Ulivieri, that of Vidal, two versions of that of Sobrino, that of Coll and others, the generalized split-window algorithm as described by Becker and Li and by Wan and Dozier, and the Becker and Li algorithm with water vapor correction. The evaluation against the ARM and SURFRAD observations indicates that the LST retrievals from the SP-SW algorithm are in closer agreement with the ground observations than are the other algorithms tested. When evaluated against observations from the Oklahoma Mesonet, the triple-window algorithm is found to perform better than the split-window algorithm during nighttime.

scholarly journals Toward an Operational Land Surface Temperature Algorithm for GOES

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 1974-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglian Sun ◽  
Yunyue Yu ◽  
Li Fang ◽  
Yuling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Surface Radiation Budget ◽  
Shortwave Infrared ◽  
Dual Window

AbstractFor most land surface temperature (LST) regression algorithms, a set of optimized coefficients is determined by manual separation of the different subdivisions of atmospheric and surface conditions. In this study, a machine-learning technique, the regression tree (RT) technique, is introduced with the aim of automatically finding these subranges and the thresholds for the stratification of regression coefficients. The use of RT techniques in LST retrieval has the potential to contribute to the determination of optimal regression relationships under different conditions. Because of the lack of split-window channels for the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) M–Q series (GOES-12–GOES-15, plus GOES-Q), a dual-window LST algorithm was developed by combining the infrared 11-μm channel with the shortwave-infrared (SWIR) 3.9-μm channel, which presents lower atmospheric absorption than does the infrared split-window channels (11 and 12 μm). The RT technique was introduced to derive the regression models under different conditions. The algorithms were used to derive the LST product from GOES observations and were evaluated against the 2004 Surface Radiation budget network. The results indicate that the RT technique outperforms the traditional regression method.

scholarly journals Land Surface Temperature Retrieval from Landsat 5, 7, and 8 over Rural Areas: Assessment of Different Retrieval Algorithms and Emissivity Models and Toolbox Implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliihsan Sekertekin ◽  
Stefania Bonafoni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Retrieval Algorithms

Land Surface Temperature (LST) is an important parameter for many scientific disciplines since it affects the interaction between the land and the atmosphere. Many LST retrieval algorithms based on remotely sensed images have been introduced so far, where the Land Surface Emissivity (LSE) is one of the main factors affecting the accuracy of the LST estimation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of LST retrieval methods using different LSE models and data of old and current Landsat missions. Mono Window Algorithm (MWA), Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) method, Single Channel Algorithm (SCA) and Split Window Algorithm (SWA) were assessed as LST retrieval methods processing data of Landsat missions (Landsat 5, 7 and 8) over rural pixels. Considering the LSE models introduced in the literature, different Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)-based LSE models were investigated in this study. Specifically, three LSE models were considered for the LST estimation from Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and seven Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and six for Landsat 8. For the accurate evaluation of the estimated LST, in-situ LST data were obtained from the Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) stations. In total, forty-five daytime Landsat images; fifteen images for each Landsat mission, acquired in the Spring-Summer-Autumn period in the mid-latitude region in the Northern Hemisphere were acquired over five SURFRAD rural sites. After determining the best LSE model for the study case, firstly, the LST retrieval accuracy was evaluated considering the sensor type: when using Landsat 5 TM, 7 ETM+, and 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI), and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) data separately, RTE, MWA, and MWA presented the best results, respectively. Then, the performance was evaluated independently of the sensor types. In this case, all LST methods provided satisfying results, with MWA having a slightly better accuracy with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) equals to 2.39 K and a lower bias error. In addition, the spatio-temporal and seasonal analyses indicated that RTE and SCA presented similar results regardless of the season, while MWA differed from RTE and SCA for all seasons, especially in summer. To efficiently perform this work, an ArcGIS toolbox, including all the methods and models analyzed here, was implemented and provided as a user facility for the LST retrieval from Landsat data.

scholarly journals ENHANCED MODELING OF REMOTELY SENSED ANNUAL LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE CYCLE

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W7 ◽  
pp. 1067-1074
Author(s):  
Z. Zou ◽  
W. Zhan ◽  
L. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Satellite thermal remote sensing provides access to acquire large-scale Land surface temperature (LST) data, but also generates missing and abnormal values resulting from non-clear-sky conditions. Given this limitation, Annual Temperature Cycle (ATC) model was employed to reconstruct the continuous daily LST data over a year. The original model ATC<sub>O</sub> used harmonic functions, but the dramatic changes of the real LST caused by the weather changes remained unclear due to the smooth sine curve. Using Aqua/MODIS LST products, NDVI and meteorological data, we proposed enhanced model ATC<sub>E</sub> based on ATC<sub>O</sub> to describe the fluctuation and compared their performances for the Yangtze River Delta region of China. The results demonstrated that, the overall root mean square errors (RMSEs) of the ATC<sub>E</sub> was lower than ATC<sub>O</sub>, and the improved accuracy of daytime was better than that of night, with the errors decreased by 0.64 K and 0.36 K, respectively. The improvements of accuracies varied with different land cover types: the forest, grassland and built-up areas improved larger than water. And the spatial heterogeneity was observed for performance of ATC model: the RMSEs of built-up area, forest and grassland were around 3.0 K in the daytime, while the water attained 2.27 K; at night, the accuracies of all types significantly increased to similar RMSEs level about 2 K. By comparing the differences between LSTs simulated by two models in different seasons, it was found that the differences were smaller in the spring and autumn, while larger in the summer and winter.

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