scholarly journals Automatic Load Frequency Control of a Multi-Area Dynamic Interconnected Power System Using a Hybrid PSO-GSA-Tuned PID Controller

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 6908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veerapandiyan Veerasamy ◽  
Noor Izzri Abdul Wahab ◽  
Rajeswari Ramachandran ◽  
Arangarajan Vinayagam ◽  
Mohammad Lutfi Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Power System ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Gravitational Search Algorithm ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Interconnected Power System

This paper proposes a new population-based hybrid particle swarm optimized-gravitational search algorithm (PSO-GSA) for tuning the parameters of the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller of a two-area interconnected dynamic power system with the presence of nonlinearities such as generator rate constraints (GRC) and governor dead-band (GDB). The tuning of controller parameters such as Kp, Ki, and Kd are obtained by minimizing the objective function formulated using the steady-state performance indices like Integral absolute error (IAE) of tie-line power and frequency deviation of interconnected system. To test the robustness of the propounded controller, the system is studied with system uncertainties, such as change in load demand, synchronizing power coefficient and inertia constant. The two-area interconnected power system (TAIPS) is modeled and simulated using Matlab/Simulink. The results exhibit that the steady-state and transient performance indices such as IAE, settling time, and control effort are impressively enhanced by an amount of 87.65%, 15.39%, and 91.17% in area-1 and 86.46%, 41.35%, and 91.04% in area-2, respectively, by the proposed method compared to other techniques presented. The minimum control effort of PSO-GSA-tuned PID controller depicts the robust performance of the controller compared to other non-meta-heuristic and meta-heuristic methods presented. The proffered method is also validated using the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) real-time digital simulation to study the effectiveness of the controller.

scholarly journals Gravitational Search Algorithm Based Automatic Load Frequency Control for Multi-Area Interconnected Power System

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4548-4568
Author(s):  
Samuel Jonas Yeboah Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Gravitational Search Algorithm ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Interconnected Power System ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Gravitational Search

Demand and frequency deviation is gaining more popularity in power system research especially with multiple power systems interconnections and operations as a result of the complexity of power system network, network upgrade and renewable energy sources integration. However, stability of the power system with respect to momentarily fault of Load Frequency Control (LFC) models, in terms of time taken for the fault to settle, magnitude of overshoot and Steady-State Error (SSE) margin, still remain a challenge to the various proposed LFC designs for power system stability. This paper proposes an intelligent demand and frequency variations controller for a four-area interconnected power system using Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) optimisation technique. Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) were integrated and implemented on the interconnected power system. The optimised GSA-PID controller demonstrated robustness and superiority with time taken for the instability to settle and maximum overshoot in all the four areas as compared to results with Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) PID controller and conventional PID controller under 1% and 5% load perturbation. The settling time in all the areas produced tremendous results with GSA-PID controller compared to the results of PSO-PID and conventional PID, the performance of GSA-PID controller shows better dynamic responses with superior damping, less overshoot, minimum oscillations and shorter transient duration.

scholarly journals Load Frequency Control of Photovoltaic-Gasifier for Interconnected Two-Area Power Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2101-2105
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Pid Control ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Interconnected Power System ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Tie Line

Load frequency control (LFC) in interconnected power system of small distribution generation (DG) for reliability in distribution system. The main objective is to performance evaluation load frequency control of hybrid for interconnected two-area power systems. The simulation consist of solar farm 10 MW and gasifier plant 300 kW two-area in tie line. This impact LFC can be address as a problem on how to effectively utilize the total tie-line power flow at small DG. To performance evaluation and improve that defect of LFC, the power flow of two-areas LFC system have been carefully studied, such that, the power flow and power stability is partially LFC of small DG of hybrid for interconnected two-areas power systems. Namely, the controller and structural properties of the multi-areas LFC system are similar to the properties of hybrid for interconnected two-area LFC system. Inspired by the above properties, the controller that is propose to design some proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control laws for the two-areas LFC system successfully works out the aforementioned problem. The power system of renewable of solar farm and gasifier plant in interconnected distribution power system of area in tie – line have simulation parameter by PID controller. Simulation results showed that 3 types of the controller have deviation frequency about 0.025 Hz when tie-line load changed 1 MW and large disturbance respectively. From interconnected power system the steady state time respond is 5.2 seconds for non-controller system, 4.3 seconds for automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and 1.4 seconds for under controlled system at 0.01 per unit (p.u.) with PID controller. Therefore, the PID control has the better efficiency non-controller 28 % and AVR 15 %. The result of simulation in research to be interconnected distribution power system substation of area in tie - line control for little generate storage for grid connected at better efficiency and optimization of renewable for hybrid. It can be conclude that this study can use for applying to the distribution power system to increase efficiency and power system stability of area in tie – line.

Load Frequency Control in Interconnected Power System Using Multi-Objective PID Controller

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 3676-3682 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sabahi ◽  
A. Sharifi ◽  
M. Aliyari Sh ◽  
M. Teshnehlab ◽  
M. Aliasghary
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Interconnected Power System ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Load Frequency

scholarly journals Design of Robust Load Frequency Controller for Multi-Area Interconnected Power System Using SDO Software

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Pasala Gopi ◽  
P. Linga Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Interconnected Power System ◽  
Load Frequency

The response of the load frequency control problem in multi-area interconnected electrical power system is much more complex with increasing size, changing structure and increasing load.  This paper deals with Load Frequency Control of three area interconnected Power system incorporating Reheat, Non-reheat and Reheat turbines in all areas respectively.  The response of the load frequency control problem in a multi-area interconnected power system is improved by designing PID controller using different tuning techniques and proved that the PID controller which was designed by Simulink Design Optimization (SDO) Software gives the superior performance than other controllers for step perturbations. Finally the robustness of controller was checked against system parameter variations..

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