scholarly journals Harvester Productivity in Inclined Terrain with Extended Machine Operating Trail Intervals: A German Case Study Comparison of Standing and Bunched Trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9168
Author(s):  
Ferréol Berendt ◽  
Eduardo Tolosana ◽  
Stephan Hoffmann ◽  
Paula Alonso ◽  
Janine Schweier
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Thinning Operation ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
Broadleaved Tree ◽  
Multiple Tree

The complexity of highly structured forests with multiple tree species, especially when coniferous and broadleaved tree species are mixed, as well as stands with extended machine operating trail spacing and inclined terrain, create challenging operational conditions for mechanized timber harvesting and extraction. Motor-manually felling trees within the midfield and bunching them at the machine operating trails, prior to the arrival of a harvester-forwarder system, is a complex operation. The aim of this study was to assess and compare tethered harvester productivities of a thinning operation, for felling and processing standing trees and for processing bunched trees, through a time study in forest stands with 40-m distances between machine operating trails. Total operational costs of the analyzed thinning operation were 69 €/m3o.b., including extraction using a multiple forwarder approach. Tree species, merchantable timber volume, and whether the trees were standing or presented as bunched logs all had a significant effect on the harvester time consumption. Moreover, harvester positioning time was significantly shorter when trees were already bunched at the machine operating trail. While the productivity of standing or bunched spruce trees did not differ significantly between the cases (approximately 18 m3o.b./productive machine hours excluding all delays (PMH0)), the productivity of standing broadleaved tree species (8.3 m3o.b./PMH0) was much lower than that of bunched trees (15.5 m3o.b./PMH0). Thus, the described timber harvesting and extraction system may be a valuable option for forest stands with high proportion of broadleaved trees.

Modelling growing space of four valuable broadleaved tree species in southern China

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Johanna Schuler ◽  
Josephine Cueni ◽  
Heinrich Spiecker ◽  
Wen-Fu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
Broadleaved Tree

scholarly journals Analysis of the production potential of raw wood in the forests of Slovakia

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 314-320
Author(s):  
R. Petráš ◽  
J. Mecko
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Coniferous Tree ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Forest Condition ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
Broadleaved Tree ◽  
Coniferous Tree Species

Production of raw wood material and its regulation has a great ecological and economic importance in every country. The aim of the paper is to analyze the prospective production of raw wood with respect to the expected basic tree species composition and assortment structure on an example of long-term development of selected indicators of forest condition in Slovakia. For this analysis we used data on the area, growing stock and planned decennial timber felling in the forests of Slovakia in 1980, 1996 and 2003. The production potential of forests was evaluated on the basis of the annual perspective allowable cut by 2020, from which the prospective production of assortments was derived using the models of assortment yield tables of tree species. The results show that in the forests of Slovakia there is an about half proportion of coniferous and half proportion of broadleaved tree species, very good structure of growing stock as well as its trend in the last years. Production of raw wood assortments for industrial processing for the years 2010–2020 is limited by the volume 6.3–6.4 mil. m<sup>3</sup>. About one half of this volume comes from coniferous and the other half from broadleaved tree species. For coniferous tree species the proportion of spruce and fir is 87% and for broadleaved tree species the proportion of beech and oak is 80%. For coniferous tree species sawmill assortments have a decisive, almost 70% proportion. Regarding broadleaved tree species, pulpwood assortments with 47% proportion prevail, although with 11% the highest quality assortments for the production of veneer from beech and oak are also significant.

scholarly journals Analysis of standing timber sales based on overall coniferous/broadleaved tree species ratio

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
S. Slanina ◽  
P. Natov ◽  
J. Dvořák ◽  
B. Gabrielová
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Timber Sales ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
Broadleaved Tree ◽  
Standing Timber

scholarly journals Compensatory effects between Pinus massoniana and broadleaved tree species

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Li ◽  
Y. Liang ◽  
B. Tong ◽  
X. Du ◽  
K. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
Broadleaved Tree

scholarly journals Mixed Broadleaved Tree Species Increases Soil Phosphorus Availability but Decreases the Coniferous Tree Nutrient Concentration in Subtropical China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Wen-Sheng Bu ◽  
Han-Jiao Gu ◽  
Can-can Zhang ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Anand Narain Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Coniferous Tree ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Mixture Effect ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
Broadleaved Tree

Phosphorus (P) is a key limiting nutrient in subtropical forests and mixed forests with broadleaved species have been expected to stimulate P cycling, compared to pure conifer plantations. However, the mixture effect of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) and broadleaved species on rhizosphere soil and coniferous tree P dynamics is unclear. In our study, eight plots of a single species of a Chinese fir plantation (pure plantation, PP) and eight mixed plantations (mixed plantation, MP) with broadleaved tree species (Michelia macclurei Dandy in Hunan Province or Schima superba Gardn. et Champ. in Fujian Province) were selected in subtropical China. Six P fractions in the rhizosphere and bulk soils were analyzed by a modified Hedley P fractionation method. Phosphorus fractions and nitrogen (N) concentrations in different root orders, different age fresh needles and twigs, and needle and twig litter of Chinese fir were measured. Our results showed that available P, slowly released P, occluded P, and the total extractable P in rhizosphere soil were significantly higher in MP than PP (p < 0.05). In contrast, P and N concentrations in the transportive roots and two-year old needles were generally higher in PP than MP. Meanwhile, the slowly released P, occluded P, total extractable P, and residual P in rhizosphere soil were negatively correlated with P concentrations in young (absorptive and transportive roots, one- and two-year old needles) but not old tissues (storative roots, three-year old needles and litters). In conclusion, mixture may increase soil P availability through the rhizosphere effect, but can decrease P and N concentration of Chinese fir tissues by competition between Chinese fir and broadleaved species. Clearly, the mixture effect may differ in soil and plant nutrients, and this issue needs be taken into consideration when converting a pure conifer plantation into a mixed-species forest.

scholarly journals Mycological complex of poplars in Serbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Keča ◽  
I. Milenković ◽  
Keča Lj
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Good Substrate ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
Broadleaved Tree ◽  
Poplar Plantations ◽  
Big Rivers

Poplars are fast-growing broadleaved tree species inhabiting river banks and sites with accessible water supplies. Vegetative propagation makes them suitable for establishing highly productive plantations along big rivers and in flooded plains. The production of large quantities of biomass provides a good substrate for various organisms. The aim of this study was to identify fungal species occurring in the poplar plantations in Serbia and to determine their frequency and role in decomposition of tree parts. Fifty species belonging to the divisions Ascomycota, Basidimycota and Deuteromycota as well as two species from Oomycota (the genus Phytophthora) were reported. Bark was the substrate for 27 species, 14 species were found on leaves and 9 species were wood-decaying fungi.

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