scholarly journals Review of Remediation Solutions for Acid Mine Drainage Using the Modified Hill Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8118
Author(s):  
Sandisiwe Khanyisa Thisani ◽  
Daramy Vandi Von Kallon ◽  
Patrick Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Safe Management ◽  
Additional Process ◽  
Further Development ◽  
By Products

This paper reviews the Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) remediation potential and operational costs of twelve existing AMD remediation methods against Class 0 and Class I AMD geochemical characteristics as defined in the Modified Hill Framework. Of the twelve remediation options reviewed in this study, eleven required additional process steps either for further treatment to achieve the discharge limits or for the safe management of hazardous waste by-products. Chemical desalination showed the greatest potential with high quality treated water and operational costs between USD 0.25 and USD 0.75 per cubic meter treated. The management of the toxic metal and sulphide by-products remains a key challenge that requires further research for sustainable mine water remediation. Further development of end-to-end methods suitable for Class 0 AMD with economical operational costs is recommended in order to effectively address the ongoing environmental challenges posed by AMD globally.

A Review of Technologies Used in Handling The Acid Mine Drainage Challenge: Perspectives on Using Green Liquor Dregs As a Sustainable Option For Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Keolebogile R. Sebogodi ◽  
Jonas K. Johakimu ◽  
B. Bruce Sithole
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Green Liquor ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Green Liquor Dregs ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
By Products

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the repercussions that result from earth-moving activities around the sulfide-bearing mineral hosts. The detrimental effects associated with this AMD are driven by its characteristics, which include low pH and high concentrations of sulfate and toxic dissolved metals. Traditionally, the prevention and treatment of AMD are achieved by using technologies that use, amongst other, naturally occurring soils and carbonates. However, the continual use of these materials may eventually lead to their depletion. On the other hand, industrial by-products have been proven to occupying land that could have otherwise been used for profitable businesses. Additionally, the handling and maintenance of landfills are costly. In this current trend of a circular economy that is driven by industrial symbiosis, scientists are concerned with valorizing industrial by-products. One such by-product is the green liquor dregs (GLD) from Kraft mills. The neutralizing and geotechnical properties of these wastes have prompted the research pioneers to seek their potential use in handling the challenges associated with AMD. In this review, the formation AMD, trends in technologies for treatment and prevention of AMD are critically analyzed. This includes the feasibility of using GLD as an alternative, promising sustainable material.

scholarly journals Selective Removal of As(V) Ions from Acid Mine Drainage Using Polymer Inclusion Membranes

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Iwona Zawierucha ◽  
Anna Nowik-Zajac ◽  
Grzegorz Malina
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Cellulose Triacetate ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Acid Mine

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is globally recognized as one of the environmental pollutants of the priority concern due to high concentrations of toxic metals and sulfates. More rigorous environmental legislation requires exploitation of effective technologies to remove toxic metals from contaminated streams. In view of high selectivity, effectiveness, durability, and low energy demands, the separation of toxic metal ions using immobilized membranes with admixed extractants could ameliorate water quality. Cellulose triacetate based polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), with extractant and plasticizer, were studied for their ability to transport of As(V) ions from synthetic aqueous leachates. The effects of the type and concentration of extractant, plasticizer content, and sulfuric acid concentration in source phase on the arsenic removal efficiency have been assessed. Under the best of applied conditions, PIM with Cyanex 921 as extractant and o-nitrophenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE) as plasticizer showed high repeatability and excellent transport activity for selective removal of As(V) from AMD.

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