scholarly journals Noninvasive Passenger Detection Comparison Using Thermal Imager and IP Cameras

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12928
Author(s):  
Pavol Kuchár ◽  
Rastislav Pirník ◽  
Tomáš Tichý ◽  
Karol Rástočný ◽  
Michal Skuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Thermal Imager ◽  
Road Tunnel ◽  
Thermal Camera ◽  
Rescue Services ◽  
Call System ◽  
Detection And Counting ◽  
Final Score ◽  
Future Work

Many modern vehicles today are equipped with an on-board e-call system that can send information about the number of passengers in the event of an accident. However, in case of fire or other major danger in a road tunnel, it is very important for rescue services to know not only the number of passengers in a given vehicle that has an accident and called help via e-call but how many people are in the tunnel in total. This paper deals with the issue of passenger detection and counting using the TPH3008-S Thermal camera and the VIVOTEK IP7361 IP Cameras noninvasively, i.e., the cameras are placed outside the vehicle. These cameras have their limitations; therefore, we investigated how to improve conditions and how to make detection better for future work. The main goal of this article is to summarize the achieved results and possibilities of improvement of the proposed system by adding other sensors and systems that would improve the final score of passenger detection. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach has to be modified and we have to add additional sensors or change methods to achieve more promising results. The results, findings and conclusions might be later used in tunnels and highways and also be applied in telematics and lead to better, safer road transport and improvement of existing tunnel systems sustainability by utilizing resources in a smarter way.

Experimental Studies on Cooling Effectiveness of the Double-Decker Air Jet Impingement With Film Outflow

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junkui Mao ◽  
Wen Guo ◽  
Zhenxiong Liu ◽  
Jun Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Jet Impingement ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Thermal Camera ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Double Decker ◽  
Wide Range

Experiments were carried out to investigate the cooling effectiveness of a lamellar double-decker impingement/effusion structure. Infrared radiation (I.R.) thermal camera was used to measure the temperature on the outside surface of the lamellar double-decker. Experimental results were obtained for a wide range of governing parameters (blowing rate M (0.0017∼0.0066), the ratio of the jet impingement distance to the diameter of film hole H/D (0.5∼1.25), the ratio of the distance between the jet hole and film hole to the diameter of the film hole P/D (0, 3, 4), and the material of double-decker (Steel and Copper)). It was observed that the local cooling effectiveness η varies with all these parameters in a complicated way. All the results show that higher cooling effectiveness η is achieved in larger blowing rate cases. A certain range of H/D and P/D can be designed to result in the maximum cooling effectiveness η. And η is less sensitive to the material type compared with those parameters such as H/D, M and P/D.

A Comparative, Experimental Study of Model Suitability to Describe Vehicle Rollover Dynamics for Control Design

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Cameron ◽  
Sean Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Dynamics And Control ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
And Control ◽  
Future Work

This work presents results of an initial investigation into models and control strategies suitable to prevent vehicle rollover due to untripped driving maneuvers. Outside of industry, the study of vehicle rollover inclusive of both experimental validation and practical controller design is limited. The researcher interested in initiating study on rollover dynamics and control is left with the challenging task of identifying suitable vehicle models from the literature, comparing these models with experimental results, and determining suitable parameters for the models. This work addresses these issues via experimental testing of published models. Parameter estimation data based on model fits is presented, with commentary given on the validity of different methods. Experimental results are then presented and compared to the output predicted by the various models in both the time and frequency domain in order to provide a foundation for future work.

Numerical-Experimental Study of the Gas LP Atmospheric Burner

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rami´rez-Barro´n ◽  
A. Aguilar-Moreno ◽  
A. Gallegos-Mun˜oz ◽  
J. M. Riesco-A´vila ◽  
S. Marti´nez-Marti´nez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Thermal Camera

A numerical-experimental study of the gas LP atmospheric burner used in the ceramist furnace is presented. A new design of the burner was proposed to obtain a temperature distribution in the furnace better that the temperature distribution obtained with the actual burner. The experimental study helped to know the temperature and flame distribution in the furnace that permit to achieve the temperature of baking of the ceramic. The experimental results were obtained with a thermal camera and thermocouples placed in the furnace. Numerical models were developed with CFD (Fluent ®) comparing the results with the experimental results to obtain the new design of the burner. The experimental and numerical results permitted to identify the zones with temperature near to the temperature of baking, which is reached in the high and intermediate zones of the furnace. Then it is necessary a recirculation of the hot gases toward the low zone of the furnace.

Geographical query reformulation using a geographical adjacency taxonomy builder and word senses

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar El Midaoui ◽  
Btihal El Ghali ◽  
Abderrahim El Qadi ◽  
Moulay Driss Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Query Reformulation ◽  
Components Separation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spatial Entities ◽  
Spatial Entity ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Data Context ◽  
Word Senses

Purpose Geographical query formulation is one of the key difficulties for users in search engines. The purpose of this study is to improve geographical search by proposing a novel geographical query reformulation (GQR) technique using a geographical taxonomy and word senses. Design/methodology/approach This work introduces an approach for GQR, which combines a method of query components separation that uses GeoNames, a technique for reformulating these components using WordNet and a geographic taxonomy constructed using the latent semantic analysis method. Findings The proposed approach was compared to two methods from the literature, using the mean average precision (MAP) and the precision at 20 documents (P@20). The experimental results show that it outperforms the other techniques by 15.73% to 31.21% in terms of P@20 and by 17.81% to 35.52% in terms of MAP. Research limitations/implications According to the experimental results, the best created taxonomy using the geographical adjacency taxonomy builder contains 7.67% of incorrect links. This paper believes that using a very big amount of data for taxonomy building can give better results. Thus, in future work, this paper intends to apply the approach in a big data context. Originality/value Despite this, the reformulation of geographical queries using the new proposed approach considerably improves the precision of queries and retrieves relevant documents that were not retrieved using the original queries. The strengths of the technique lie in the facts of reformulating both thematic and spatial entities and replacing the spatial entity of the query with terms that explain the intent of the query more precisely using a geographical taxonomy.

Orientation and Insertion of Randomly Presented Parts Using Vibratory Agitation

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Moncevicz ◽  
Mark J. Jakiela ◽  
Karl T. Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Automated Assembly ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Initial Implementation ◽  
Future Work

Abstract In this article, we propose a new approach to automated assembly. Currently, automated assembly is expensive and difficult because all of the machines required for its implementation impose organization on the parts being assembled. It is this organization that is costly. We investigate an approach that requires less organization and results in assembly as a bulk process. We describe an initial implementation of this approach with a particular parts presentation system. Experiments are performed to determine the part characteristics that promote the success of the implementation. The experimental results are described and future work is suggested.

scholarly journals Principles of Green Design: Analyzing User Activities and Product Feedback

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Esposito ◽  
Julie Linsey
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Environmental Attitude ◽  
Environmentally Responsible Behavior ◽  
Product Usage ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
Environmentally Responsible ◽  
Future Work ◽  
User Activities

This study investigated the design principles applicable to environmentally friendly product design. An experimental approach was taken to examine principles that aid designers in producing an eco-friendly product that consumers will enjoy and use. Another important aspect to this study was to determine whether a user’s positive environmental attitude or a willingness to change for the environment relates to environmentally responsible behavior. Two hypotheses were developed for successful eco-friendly products and then appropriate products were purchased and modified to test these hypotheses. The activity hypothesis claims that if a product adds user activities, is less likely to be used. The feedback hypothesis states that a product that gives clear feedback is more likely to be used than a product that does not. Student participants took home products to use for one week, recorded each time they used the products, and then completed surveys afterword. For the activity hypothesis, we supposed that the product not adding user activities would be used more than the product adding activities. However, the experimental results have shown that this may not always be the case. For the feedback hypothesis, we speculated that visual reminder feedback and energy savings feedback both increase product usage. An increase in eco-friendly product usage would lead to a lessened negative impact that products are having on our environment. Experimental results indicate that there were errors in the experimental design, but these problems also aid in future work for this research.

scholarly journals Detection and Counting of Animals in Camera-Trap Images using Faster R-Cnn and Data Augmentation Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-943
Keyword(s):  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Counting Task ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Detection And Counting ◽  
Augmentation Techniques ◽  
The One ◽  
Future Work

Camera traps are used to recover images of animals in their habitats to help in the conservation of fauna. Millions of images are captured by camera traps and extracting information from these data delays and consumes enough resources so sometimes millions of images cannot be used due to lack of resources. That is why researchers have proposed solution approaches using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and object detection models to be able to automate the retrieval of information from these images. We used Faster R-CNN and data augmentation techniques on Gold Standard Snapshot Serengeti Dataset to detect animals in images and count them. The performances of the two models (the one trained on the original dataset and the one trained on the augmented dataset) were compared to show the importance of having more data for this task. Using the augmented dataset, we trained our model which reached an accuracy of 98.26% for classification of the proposed regions, an accuracy of 79.55% for counting the species present on the images and a mAP of 95.3%. For future work, the model can be trained to recognize the actions and characteristics of animals and tuned to be more efficient for counting task.

Achieving a Variable Flow Supply by Controlled Unloading of a Fixed-Displacement Pump

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Tomlinson ◽  
C. R. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Control System ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Variable Flow ◽  
Displacement Pump ◽  
Variable Displacement ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Experimental Rig

This paper addresses the operational performance of a fixed-displacement pump controlled by an unloading valve to provide a fluctuating flow source. This approach should be cheaper and more efficient than the use of a variable-displacement unit. Computer simulation is used to predict the performance of the system and act as a guide in optimizing the control system. An experimental rig has been constructed to examine the practicalities of these ideas. Some experimental results are presented. Future work will be concerned with noise and efficiency studies.

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