scholarly journals Parental Perceptions and Behaviors about Children’s Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
José Precioso ◽  
Isabel Sousa ◽  
Carolina Araújo ◽  
Cláudia Correia ◽  
José Cunha-Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Parental Perceptions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Parental Awareness ◽  
Avoidance Behaviors ◽  
Children’S Exposure ◽  
At Home

One of the sustainable development goals adopted by the United Nations is to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all. Tobacco consumption is a serious health problem that affects smokers and non-smokers exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS), particularly children. This study aims to describe parental perceptions of smoke-free rules, to analyze parental awareness about health risks associated with children’s exposure to SHS, and to describe the prevalence of avoidance behaviors related to tobacco smoke, according to parental smoking status. This study includes 1175 parents from a representative sample of 1511 Portuguese children aged 4 to 9 years old in 2016. Parents who were non-smokers reported a higher level of agreement regarding smoke-free rules at home, inside the car, at playgrounds, and near the school entrance than smokers. A higher percentage of nonsmoking parents agreed that children whose parents smoke at home are more likely to become smokers themselves. Nonsmoking parents reported adopting more avoidance behaviors regarding exposure to SHS. The findings indicate that parental exposure perceptions and avoidance behaviors towards SHS were lower and less frequent among smokers. Health education, smoking cessation programs and smoking bans are needed to raise parental awareness and to protect children from SHS exposure.

scholarly journals Children's exposure to secondhand smoke at home before and after smoke-free legislation in Taiwan

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 690-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ting Wang ◽  
Yi-Wen Tsai ◽  
Tzu-I Tsai ◽  
Po-Yin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Children’S Exposure ◽  
At Home

Active smoking, secondhand smoke exposure and serum cotinine levels among Cheyenne River Sioux communities in context of a Tribal Public Health Policy

2019 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055056
Author(s):  
Elena R. O'Donald ◽  
Curtis P. Miller ◽  
Rae O'Leary ◽  
Jennifer Ong ◽  
Bernadette Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Indians ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Serum Cotinine ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
Cheyenne River

IntroductionAmerican Indians and Alaska Natives face disproportionately high rates of smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. The Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe (CRST) is among the few Tribal Nations controlling commercial tobacco exposures in public and work places. We had an opportunity to explore effects of the new commercial tobacco-free policy (implemented in 2015) in an environmental health study (2014–2016) that collected information about commercial tobacco use and SHS prevalence and examined predictor variables of serum cotinine concentrations.MethodsSelf-reported survey data were used in quantile regression statistical modelling to explore changes in cotinine levels, based on smoking status, smokeless tobacco consumption and SHS exposure.ResultsFrom enrolled 225 adults, 51% (N=114) were current smokers. Among 88 non-tobacco users, 35 (40%) reported current SHS exposure. Significant differences in cotinine median concentrations were found among participants with and without current SHS exposure. Extremely high cotinine concentrations (~100 times larger than the median) were detected in some non-tobacco users. After implementing the new smoke-free air Tribal policy, cotinine decreased in participants with intermediate (3–15 ng/mL, non-tobacco users with SHS exposure) and high (>15 ng/mL, mainly tobacco users) cotinine levels showing association with an abatement of opportunities for SHS exposure. Significant predictors of cotinine levels were sampling year, current smoking and tobacco chewing. No gender differences were observed in cotinine.ConclusionsOur results show decrease in cotinine concentrations in CRST participants since implementation of their ‘Smoke-Free Clean Air Act’ in 2015.

scholarly journals Smoking and Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home Were Associated with Poor Perceived Family Well-Being: Findings of FAMILY Project

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e0161761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Man Ping Wang ◽  
Kasisomayajula Viswanath ◽  
Alice Wan ◽  
Tai Hing Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
At Home

scholarly journals Prevalence of Portuguese Children Exposed to Secondhand Smoke at Home and in the Car

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
José Precioso ◽  
Vânia Rocha ◽  
Isabel Sousa ◽  
Ana Carolina Araújo ◽  
José Cunha Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Promote Smoking Cessation ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Children’S Exposure ◽  
At Home

Introduction: Children’s exposure to secondhand smoke is a cause of serious health problems and infant morbidity. This is the first nationally representative study conducted in Portugal to describe the prevalence of children exposed to secondhand smoke at home and in the car.Material and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 2396 Portuguese children aged 0 to 9 years old, stratified by age and administrative region NUTS II. Questionnaires were administered between January and September 2016.Results: Results showed that 6.1% of mothers and 11.2% of fathers reported smoking at home. It was found that 4.5% of mothers and 8.3% of fathers reported smoking in the car. Results also showed that 5.4% of children were double exposed to secondhand smoke at home and in the car. Children whose parents were smokers and had a lower level of education were more exposed to secondhand smoke at home.Discussion: Children’s exposure to secondhand smoke has been decreasing in Portugal. Parental smoking and a low educational level were risk factors for children’s exposure to secondhand smoke at home.Conclusion: The main source of children’s exposure to secondhand smoke is parental smoking. As such, it is crucial to implement effective measures to control parental smoking. It is necessary to promote smoking cessation among parents and to ban smoking inside the car.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Exposure to Parental Secondhand Smoke at Home among Children in China: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Hua Zhou ◽  
Yim Wah Mak ◽  
Grace W. K. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽  
At Home

There are health consequences to exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). About two-thirds of children in China live with at least one person, usually a parent, who smokes at home. However, none of the reviews of interventions for reducing SHS have targeted children in China. The purpose of this study was to review the effectiveness of interventions for reducing parental SHS exposure at home among children in China. We searched various electronic databases for English and Chinese publications appearing between 1997 and 2017. Thirteen relevant studies were identified. Common strategies used in intervention groups were non-pharmacological approaches such as counseling plus self-help materials, and attempting to persuade fathers to quit smoking. Family interactions and follow-up sessions providing counseling or using text messages could be helpful to successful quitting. Several encouraging results were observed, including lower cotinine levels in children (n = 2), reduced tobacco consumption (n = 5), and increased quit rates (n = 6) among parents. However, the positive effects were not sustained 3~6 months after the interventions. Self-reported quitting without bio-chemical validation was the most common outcome measure. A study design using biochemical validations, a longer follow-up period, and targeting all people living with children in the same household is recommended.

Reducing Children's Exposure to Secondhand Smoke at Home: A Randomized Trial

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1071-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Harutyunyan ◽  
N. Movsisyan ◽  
V. Petrosyan ◽  
D. Petrosyan ◽  
F. Stillman
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Children’S Exposure ◽  
At Home
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