Thermal Properties and Behaviour of Am-Bearing Fuel in European Space Radioisotope Power Systems

The European Space Agency is funding the research and development of 241Am-bearing oxide-fuelled radioisotope power systems (RPSs) including radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) and European Large Heat Sources (ELHSs). The RPSs’ requirements include that the fuel’s maximum temperature, Tmax, must remain below its melting temperature. The current prospected fuel is (Am0.80U0.12Np0.06Pu0.02)O1.8. The fuel’s experimental heat capacity, Cp, is determined between 20 K and 1786 K based on direct low temperature heat capacity measurements and high temperature drop calorimetry measurements. The recommended high temperature equation is Cp(T/K) = 55.1189 + 3.46216 × 102 T − 4.58312 × 105 T−2 (valid up to 1786 K). The RTG/ELHS Tmax is estimated as a function of the fuel thermal conductivity, k, and the clad’s inner surface temperature, Ti cl, using a new analytical thermal model. Estimated bounds, based on conduction-only and radiation-only conditions between the fuel and clad, are established. Estimates for k (80–100% T.D.) are made using Cp, and estimates of thermal diffusivity and thermal expansion estimates of americium/uranium oxides. The lowest melting temperature of americium/uranium oxides is assumed. The lowest k estimates are assumed (80% T.D.). The highest estimated Tmax for a ‘standard operating’ RTG is 1120 K. A hypothetical scenario is investigated: an ELHS Ti cl = 1973K-the RPSs’ requirements’ maximum permitted temperature. Fuel melting will not occur.

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Heat capacity of the AuZr compound obtained by high-temperature drop calorimetry

Intermetallics ◽

10.1016/j.intermet.2010.10.009 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 282-287

Author(s):

M. Lomello-Tafin ◽

M.Y. Benarchid ◽

C. Antion ◽

A. Janghorban ◽

J.M. Moreau

Keyword(s):

Heat Capacity ◽

High Temperature ◽

Temperature Drop ◽

Drop Calorimetry

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PENGARUH PANJANG STACK SELUBUNG KABEL TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SUHU PADA SISTEM PENDINGIN TERMOAKUSTIK

SPEKTRA Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya ◽

10.21009/spektra.022.05 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Indah Kharismawati ◽

Hanif Rafika Putri

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Heat Exchanger ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Initial Temperature ◽

Temperature Drop ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Thermoelectric Cooler ◽

Thermoelectric Coolers ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Sheath Material

Research on environmentally friendly thermo-acoustic coolants uses a heat exchanger from the cable sheath material. The resonator tube used in the thermoelectric cooler is a 5.25 cm diameter PVC (polyvinyl chloride) tube with a length of 87 cm. Variations in stack lengths of 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, and 8cm were performed to obtain results on thermoelectric coolers. Results are available on the use of stack length 4 cm high temperature 21.6 oC from the initial temperature), the stack length 5 cm high temperature 21.1 oC from the initial temperature (room temperature), the stack length of 6 cm resulted in a maximum temperature drop of 22.6 oC from the initial temperature (room temperature), the stack length of 7 cm resulted in a maximum temperature drop of 22.0 oC from the initial temperature (room temperature), while the stack length of 8 cm resulted in a decrease in temperature maximum of 23.3 oC from the initial temperature (room temperature). Keywords: Thermoacoustic, stack, temperature changes.

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Thermochemistry of uranium compounds. XVI. Calorimetric determination of the standard molar enthalpy of formation at 298.15 K, low-temperature heat capacity, and high-temperature enthalpy increments of UO2(OH2)•H2O (schoepite)

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v88-106 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 620-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

I.R. Tasker ◽

P. A. G. O'Hare ◽

Brett M. lewis ◽

G. K. Johnson ◽

E. H. P. Cordfunke

Keyword(s):

Heat Capacity ◽

High Temperature ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Thermodynamic Properties ◽

Enthalpy Of Formation ◽

Molar Heat Capacity ◽

Temperature Drop ◽

Molar Enthalpy ◽

Standard Molar Enthalpy ◽

Enthalpy Increments

Three precise calorimetric methods, viz., low-temperature adiabatic, high-temperature drop, and solution-reaction, have been used to determine as a function of temperature the key chemical thermodynamic properties of a pure sample of schoepite, UO2(OH)2•H2O. The following results have been obtained at the standard reference temperature T = 298.15 K: standard molar enthalpy of formation [Formula: see text] molar heat capacity [Formula: see text] and the standard molar entropy [Formula: see text] The molar enthalpy increments relative to 298.15 K and the molar heat capacity are given by the polynomials: [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], where 298.15 K < T < 400 K. The present result for [Formula: see text] at 298.15 K has been combined with three other closely-agreeing values from the literature to give a recommended weighted mean [Formula: see text] from which is calculated the standard Gibbs energy of formation [Formula: see text] at 298.15 K. Complete thermodynamic properties of schoepite are tabulated from 298.15 to 423.15 K.

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ABOUT HEAT CAPACITY OF TITANIUM CARBIDE TiCx

Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE) ◽

10.15518/isjaee.2019.01-03.056-066 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 56-66

Author(s):

I. Khidirov ◽

V. V. Getmanskiy ◽

A. S. Parpiev ◽

Sh. A. Makhmudov

Keyword(s):

Heat Capacity ◽

High Temperature ◽

Titanium Carbide ◽

Temperature Dependence ◽

Carbon Concentration ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽

Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Thermal Excitation

This work relates to the field of thermophysical parameters of refractory interstitial alloys. The isochoric heat capacity of cubic titanium carbide TiCx has been calculated within the Debye approximation in the carbon concentration range x = 0.70–0.97 at room temperature (300 K) and at liquid nitrogen temperature (80 K) through the Debye temperature established on the basis of neutron diffraction analysis data. It has been found out that at room temperature with decrease of carbon concentration the heat capacity significantly increases from 29.40 J/mol·K to 34.20 J/mol·K, and at T = 80 K – from 3.08 J/mol·K to 8.20 J/mol·K. The work analyzes the literature data and gives the results of the evaluation of the high-temperature dependence of the heat capacity СV of the cubic titanium carbide TiC0.97 based on the data of neutron structural analysis. It has been proposed to amend in the Neumann–Kopp formula to describe the high-temperature dependence of the titanium carbide heat capacity. After the amendment, the Neumann–Kopp formula describes the results of well-known experiments on the high-temperature dependence of the heat capacity of the titanium carbide TiCx. The proposed formula takes into account the degree of thermal excitation (a quantized number) that increases in steps with increasing temperature.The results allow us to predict the thermodynamic characteristics of titanium carbide in the temperature range of 300–3000 K and can be useful for materials scientists.

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