scholarly journals Early Evaluation of an Ultra-Portable X-ray System for Tuberculosis Active Case Finding

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Luan Nguyen Quang Vo ◽  
Andrew Codlin ◽  
Thuc Doan Ngo ◽  
Thang Phuoc Dao ◽  
Thuy Thi Thu Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Portable System ◽  
Quality Rating ◽  
Image Quality Rating

X-ray screening is an important tool in tuberculosis (TB) prevention and care, but access has historically been restricted by its immobile nature. As recent advancements have improved the portability of modern X-ray systems, this study represents an early evaluation of the safety, image quality and yield of using an ultra-portable X-ray system for active case finding (ACF). We reported operational and radiological performance characteristics and compared image quality between the ultra-portable and two reference systems. Image quality was rated by three human readers and by an artificial intelligence (AI) software. We deployed the ultra-portable X-ray alongside the reference system for community-based ACF and described TB care cascades for each system. The ultra-portable system operated within advertised specifications and radiologic tolerances, except on X-ray capture capacity, which was 58% lower than the reported maximum of 100 exposures per charge. The mean image quality rating from radiologists for the ultra-portable system was significantly lower than the reference (3.71 vs. 3.99, p < 0.001). However, we detected no significant differences in TB abnormality scores using the AI software (p = 0.571), nor in any of the steps along the TB care cascade during our ACF campaign. Despite some shortcomings, ultra-portable X-ray systems have significant potential to improve case detection and equitable access to high-quality TB care.

scholarly journals Active detection of tuberculosis: tackling the problem head on in the remote area of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3314
Author(s):  
Samarendra Prasanna Burma ◽  
Gunda Jahnavi ◽  
Pappachen Lal ◽  
Pandurang V. Thatkar
Keyword(s):  
Case Finding ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Sputum Microscopy ◽  
Team Activity

Background: Community based active case finding for tuberculosis (TB) is an essential step in the fight forward for eliminating TB. One of the steps in targeting TB intervention is early diagnosis and treatment of patients by reducing the reservoir of infection in the community. Active case finding (ACF) targeting the entire population by house to house survey was done in Nicobar district of these islands.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with the trained mobile teams from 17.07.2017 to 31.07.2017 in the Nicobar District. The algorithm of the case detection included screening patients by symptoms, then by sputum microscopy for confirmation. X-ray was done in patients who were symptomatic but sputum negative. If both smear and chest X-ray results were negative but still symptomatic, then cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) was done.Results: A total population of 18526 was mapped of which 14784 (79.8) could be screened. A total of 209 people were identified by the mobile teams with symptoms who were examined by sputum microscopy. Among them 7 cases were identified to be sputum smear positive, 2 X-ray positive and 2 were diagnosed by CBNAAT.Conclusions: This study shows that the active case finding method is feasible and acceptable by the community. The results obtained are encouraging for the implementation of ACF through mobile team activity in all these islands in order to meet the target of WHO’s End TB Strategy.

scholarly journals Mobile community-based active case-finding for tuberculosis among older populations in rural Cambodia

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1107-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Camelique ◽  
S. Scholtissen ◽  
J.-P. Dousset ◽  
M. Bonnet ◽  
M. Bastard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Group ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Mobile Community ◽  
Older Populations

OBJECTIVE: To systematically screen older rural populations in Cambodia for tuberculosis (TB) and develop an effective active case-finding (ACF) model for this TB high-risk group.DESIGN: A retrospective study using routinely collected programmatic data on community-based ACF among people aged ≥55 years using TB symptoms and systematic chest radiography (CXR) screening, followed by Xpert® MTB/RIF testing for participants with positive screening results and TB culture for certain Xpert-negative specimens.RESULTS: Of 22 101 participants included in the analysis, 7469 (33.8%) were screening-positive and 5960 (27.0%) underwent Xpert testing. Pulmonary TB was identified in 482 (2.2%) individuals: 288 (1.3%) were bacteriologically confirmed (253 using Xpert, 35 using culture) and 194 (0.9%) were clinically diagnosed. Eighty-seven people needed to be screened in order to diagnose one Xpert-positive case. Among the Xpert-positive cases, only 31.6% (80/253) reported cough ≥2 weeks, and 39.9% (101/253) were asymptomatic but had a CXR suggestive of active TB. Treatment uptake was 97.3% (469/482), and treatment success was 88.0% (424/482).CONCLUSIONS: Community-based ACF was effective in detecting and successfully treating older TB patients, most of whom might otherwise have remained undiagnosed. Mobile CXR appears to be crucial in identifying a high number of asymptomatic, bacteriologically confirmed cases.

scholarly journals Correction to: Role of community-based active case finding in screening tuberculosis in Yunnan province of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Ou Chen ◽  
Yu-Bing Qiu ◽  
Zulma Vanessa Rueda ◽  
Jing-Long Hou ◽  
Kun-Yun Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Active Case

Tuberculosis among drug users and homeless persons: impact of voluntary X-ray investigation on active case finding

Infection ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Goetsch ◽  
O. K. Bellinger ◽  
K.-L. Buettel ◽  
R. Gottschalk
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Active Case

Utilizing chest X-ray based active case finding approach for early tuberculosis case detection in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shifa Habib ◽  
Kiran Azeemi ◽  
S. M. Asad Zaidi ◽  
Wafa Jamal ◽  
Talha Kazmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Finding ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Tuberculosis Case ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals Chest x-ray findings in tuberculosis patients identified by passive and active case finding: A retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ema Rastoder ◽  
Saher Burhan Shaker ◽  
Matiullah Naqibullah ◽  
Mathilde Marie Winkler Wille ◽  
Mette Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals Is it feasible to carry out active case finding for tuberculosis in community-based settings?

Lung India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaiselvi Selvaraj ◽  
Mercy Mani ◽  
Muskura Riyaz ◽  
M Shaheena ◽  
Saravanan Vaithiyalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Active Case

scholarly journals Comparative Yield of Tuberculosis during Active Case Finding Using GeneXpert or Smear Microscopy for Diagnostic Testing in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Suman Chandra Gurung ◽  
Kritika Dixit ◽  
Bhola Rai ◽  
Raghu Dhital ◽  
Puskar Raj Paudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Case ◽  
And Control

This study compared the yield of tuberculosis (TB) active case finding (ACF) interventions applied under TB REACH funding. Between June 2017 to November 2018, Birat Nepal Medical Trust identified presumptive cases using simple verbal screening from three interventions: door-to-door screening of social contacts of known index cases, TB camps in remote areas, and screening for hospital out-patient department (OPD) attendees. Symptomatic individuals were then tested using smear microscopy or GeneXpert MTB/RIF as first diagnostic test. Yield rates were compared for each intervention and diagnostic method. We evaluated additional cases notified from ACF interventions by comparing case notifications of the intervention and control districts using standard TB REACH methodology. The project identified 1092 TB cases. The highest yield was obtained from OPD screening at hospitals (n = 566/1092; 52%). The proportion of positive tests using GeneXpert (5.5%, n = 859/15,637) was significantly higher than from microscopy testing 2% (n = 120/6309). (OR = 1.4; 95%CI = 1.12–1.72; p = 0.0026). The project achieved 29% additionality in case notifications in the intervention districts demonstrating that GeneXpert achieved substantially higher case-finding yields. Therefore, to increase national case notification for TB, Nepal should integrate OPD screening using GeneXpert testing in every district hospital and scale up of community-based ACF of TB patient contacts nationally.

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