scholarly journals The Effect of Charge, Isospin, and Strangeness in the QCD Phase Diagram Critical End Point

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Krishna Aryal ◽  
Constantinos Constantinou ◽  
Ricardo L. S. Farias ◽  
Veronica Dexheimer
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Critical Points ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram ◽  
End Point ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Coexistence Line ◽  
Charge Fractions

In this work, we discuss the deconfinement phase transition to quark matter in hot/dense matter. We examine the effect that different charge fractions, isospin fractions, net strangeness, and chemical equilibrium with respect to leptons have on the position of the coexistence line between different phases. In particular, we investigate how different sets of conditions that describe matter in neutron stars and their mergers, or matter created in heavy-ion collisions affect the position of the critical end point, namely where the first-order phase transition becomes a crossover. We also present an introduction to the topic of critical points, including a review of recent advances concerning QCD critical points.

scholarly journals A Description of Pseudorapidity Distributions of Charged Particles Produced in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC Energies

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Z. J. Jiang ◽  
Dongfang Xu ◽  
Yan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Rapidity Distributions ◽  
Pseudorapidity Distributions

In heavy ion collisions, charged particles come from two parts: the hot and dense matter and the leading particles. In this paper, the hot and dense matter is assumed to expand according to the hydrodynamic model including phase transition and decouples into particles via the prescription of Cooper-Frye. The leading particles are as usual supposed to have Gaussian rapidity distributions with the number equaling that of participants. The investigations of this paper show that, unlike low energy situations, the leading particles are essential in describing the pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles produced in high energy heavy ion collisions. This might be due to the different transparencies of nuclei at different energies.

scholarly journals Effects of Superstatistics on the Location of the Effective QCD Critical End Point

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
A. Ayala ◽  
M. Hentschinski ◽  
L. A. Hernández ◽  
M. Loewe ◽  
R. Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Chiral Symmetry Restoration ◽  
Interaction Volume ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram ◽  
End Point ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Effective Description

Effects of the partial thermalization during the chiral symmetry restoration at the finite temperature and quark chemical potential are considered for the position of the critical end point in an effective description of the QCD phase diagram. We find that these effects cause the critical end point to be displaced toward larger values of the temperature and lower values of the quark chemical potential, as compared to the case where the system can be regarded as completely thermalized. These effects may be important for relativistic heavy ion collisions, where the number of subsystems making up the whole interaction volume can be linked to the finite number of participants in the reaction.

scholarly journals Isentropic evolution of the matter in heavy-ion collisions and the search for the critical endpoint

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Motta ◽  
Rainer Stiele ◽  
Wanda Maria Alberico ◽  
Andrea Beraudo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Momentum Spectra ◽  
Beam Energy Scan ◽  
Near Future

Abstract We study the isentropic evolution of the matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions for various values of the entropy-per-baryon ratio of interest for the ongoing and future experimental searches for the critical endpoint (CEP) in the QCD phase diagram: these includes the current beam-energy-scan (BES) program at RHIC and the fixed-target collisions foreseen for the near future at various facilities. We describe the hot-dense matter through two different effective Lagrangians: the PNJL (Polyakov–Nambu–Jona–Lasinio) and the PQM (Polyakov-quark-meson) models. We focus on quantities expected to have a direct experimental relevance: the speed of sound, responsible for the collective acceleration of the fireball, and the generalized susceptibilities, connected to the cumulants of the distributions of conserved charges. In principle they should affect the momentum spectra and the event-by-event fluctuations of the yields of identified particles. Taking realistic values for the initial temperature and the entropy-per-baryon ratio we study the temporal evolution of the above quantities looking for differences along isentropic trajectories covering different regions of the QCD phase diagram, passing far or close to the CEP or even intersecting the first-order critical line.

HEAVY ION THEORY: QCD AND MATTER IN EXTREMIS

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (30) ◽  
pp. 5474-5480
Author(s):  
XIN-NIAN WANG
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Nuclear Matter ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Strongly Interacting

Nuclear matter is predicted to undergo a phase transition and become a plasma of quarks and gluons (QGP) at high temperature and density. Recent experimental results from high-energy heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-ion Collider (RHIC) indicate the production of a strongly interacting quark-gluon matter with fluid-like properties. I will discuss some expected features of QCD at high temperature and density, theoretical interpretations of experimental observations and challenges in unraveling some of the basic properties of dense matter in the strongly interacting regime.

scholarly journals Heavy ion collisions and neutron stars : dynamics and thermodynamics of QCD matter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Anton Motornenko
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
Hadronic Phase ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Hot Matter ◽  
Cold Dense Matter

This thesis deals with the phenomenology of QCD matter, its aspects in heavy ion collisions and in neutron stars. The first half of the work focuses on the hadronic phase of QCD matter. One focus is on how the hadronic phase shows itself in heavy ion collisions and how its dynamics can be simulated. The role of hadronic interactions is considered in the context of the lattice QCD data. The second part of this thesis presents a unified approach to QCD matter, the CMF model. The CMF model incorporates many aspects of QCD phenomenology which allows for a consistent description of the hadron-quark transition, making it applicable to the entire QCD phase diagram, i.e., to the cold nuclear matter and to the hot QCD matter. It is shown that a description of both the hot matter created in heavy ion collisions and the cold dense matter in neutron star interiors is possible within one single approach, the CMF model.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document