scholarly journals Co-Circulation of Phleboviruses and Leishmania Parasites in Sand Flies from a Single Site in Italy Monitored between 2017 and 2020

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1660
Author(s):  
Mattia Calzolari ◽  
Giuseppe Romeo ◽  
Emanuele Callegari ◽  
Paolo Bonilauri ◽  
Chiara Chiapponi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Toscana Virus ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Phlebotomus Perfiliewi ◽  
Partial Overlap ◽  
Leishmania Parasites

Sand flies transmit Leishmania infantum, which is responsible for causing leishmaniasis, as well as many phleboviruses, including the human pathogenic Toscana virus. We screened sand flies collected from a single site between 2017 and 2020 for the presence of both phleboviruses and Leishmania. The sand flies were sampled with attractive carbon dioxide traps and CDC light traps between May and October. We collected more than 50,000 sand flies; 2826 were identified at the species level as Phlebotomus perfiliewi (98%) or Phlebotomus perniciosus (2%). A total of 16,789 sand flies were tested in 355 pools, and phleboviruses were found in 61 pools (6 Toscana virus positive pools, 2 Corfou virus positive pools, 42 Fermo virus positive pools, and 7 Ponticelli virus positive pools, and 4 unidentified phlebovirus positive pools). Leishmania was found in 75 pools and both microorganisms were detected in 16 pools. We isolated nine phleboviruses from another 2960 sand flies (five Ponticelli viruses and for Fermo viruses), not tested for Leishmania; the complete genome of a Fermo virus isolate was sequenced. The simultaneous detection in space and time of the Fermo virus and L. infantum is evidence that supports the co-circulation of both microorganisms in the same location and partial overlap of their cycles. A detailed characterization of the epidemiology of these microorganisms will support measures to limit their transmission.

scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Typing of Leishmania infantum from Phlebotomus perfiliewi in a Re-Emerging Focus of Leishmaniasis, Northeastern Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Mattia Calzolari ◽  
Elena Carra ◽  
Gianluca Rugna ◽  
Paolo Bonilauri ◽  
Federica Bergamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Repetitive Region ◽  
Microsatellite Typing ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Northeastern Italy ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
Phlebotomus Perfiliewi ◽  
Leishmania Parasites

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania (L.) infantum is a public health threat in the Emilia-Romagna region, northeastern Italy, but its epidemiology has not been fully elucidated in this area. The objective of this study was to characterize Leishmania infection in sand flies collected in a re-emerging focus of VL in the Bologna province. During the summer of 2016, 6114 sand flies were collected, identified, and tested for Leishmania detection. Of the identified sand flies, 96.5% were Phlebotomus (P.) perfiliewi and 3.5% were P. perniciosus. Detected parasites were characterized by biomolecular methods (multilocus microsatellite typing and characterization of repetitive region on chromosome 31), and quantified by real-time PCR. The prevalence of Leishmania infection in individually-tested P. perfiliewi sand flies varied from 6% to 10% with an increasing trend during the season. Promastigotes of L. infantum were isolated by dissection in one P. perfiliewi female; the isolated strain (Lein-pw) were closely related to Leishmania parasites from VL cases in northeastern Italy, but differed from strains isolated in dogs from the same area. Our findings strongly support the vector status of P. perfiliewi for human VL in the study area.

scholarly journals Fast multiplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of dog and human blood and Leishmania parasites in sand flies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Gaudêncio da Silva Sales ◽  
Débora Elienai de Oliveira Miranda ◽  
Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva ◽  
Luciana Aguiar Figueredo ◽  
Domenico Otranto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Leishmania Parasites

scholarly journals Speciation of organometals using a synchronizing GC-EIMS and GC-ICPMS system for simultaneous detection

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1132-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia D'Ulivo ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Yong-Lai Feng ◽  
John Murimboh ◽  
Zoltán Mester
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Electron Ionization ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Accurate quantitation and characterization of organometals are successfully achieved by splitting the gas chromatography (GC) flow to both an electron ionization mass spectrometer (EIMS) and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS).

scholarly journals Characterization of a New Vaccinia virus Isolate Reveals the C23L Gene as a Putative Genetic Marker for Autochthonous Group 1 Brazilian Vaccinia virus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e50413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe L. Assis ◽  
Gabriel M. F. Almeida ◽  
Danilo B. Oliveira ◽  
Ana P. M. Franco-Luiz ◽  
Rafael K. Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Group 1

First Detection of Toscana Virus RNA From Sand Flies in the Genus Phlebotomus (Diptera: Phlebotomidae) Naturally Infected in Morocco

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1507-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Es-Sette ◽  
J. Nourlil ◽  
S. Hamdi ◽  
F. Mellouki ◽  
M. Lemrani
Keyword(s):  
Sand Flies ◽  
Toscana Virus ◽  
Virus Rna

Characterization of an endothelin ET(B) receptor in the gill of the dogfish shark Squalus acanthias

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (24) ◽  
pp. 3605-3610 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Evans ◽  
M.P. Gunderson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Squalus Acanthias ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Ion Regulation ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Dogfish Shark ◽  
Kinetics Of

Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoconstrictive peptides that are secreted by the vascular endothelium and other tissues in vertebrates. Previous studies have demonstrated that ETs are expressed in a variety of fish tissues and contract various blood vessels. In order to determine if receptors for ET are expressed in fish gill tissue, we examined the binding kinetics of (125)I-labeled, human ET-1 to membrane fragments isolated from the gill of the dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias. (125)I-ET-1 bound at a single site, with a dissociation constant (K(d)) and binding site number (B(max)) very similar to those described in a variety of mammalian blood vessels. ET-1 and ET-3 competed equally with (125)I-ET-1, suggesting that the receptor was ET(B), which has been shown in mammalian systems to bind to both ligands equally. The ET(B)-specific agonists sarafotoxin S6c, IRL-1620, and BQ-3020 also competed against (125)I-ET-1 at a single site, supporting this hypothesis. We conclude that the shark gill expresses an ET(B) receptor with substantial homology to the mammalian receptor and that ET may play an important role in modulating such vital gill functions as gas exchange, ion regulation, acid-base balance, and excretion of nitrogen.

Simultaneous detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 2 and 4 in Henan province of China

Gene ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 808 ◽  
pp. 145991
Author(s):  
Tong Xu ◽  
Cheng-Yao Hou ◽  
Yuan-Hang Zhang ◽  
Hong-Xuan Li ◽  
Xi-Meng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document