scholarly journals Effect of Smashing Ridge Tillage Depth on Soil Water, Salinity, and Yield in Saline Cotton Fields in South Xinjiang, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3592
Author(s):  
Zhentao Bai ◽  
Hongguang Liu ◽  
Tangang Wang ◽  
Ping Gong ◽  
Huiqin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Opening Stage ◽  
Ridge Tillage

To explore the potential of smashing ridge tillage irrigation, it is necessary to investigate how smashing ridge tillage technology with mulched drip irrigation affects soil water, salinity, and cotton yield in saline fields. We conducted a two-year (2020–2021) field experiment to study the effects of different smashing ridge tillage depths on soil bulk density, moisture, salinity, dry matter production, yield, and its constituents (effective bolls, 100-bell weight). There were three smashing ridge tillage depths: A (20 cm), B (40 cm), and C (60 cm), with traditional tillage as the CT. The results showed that all of the smashing ridge tillage could reduce soil bulk density, improve the utilization and uptake of deep soil water during the rapid growth period, and reduce the soil salt content. Compared with the CT treatment, the average soil bulk density of the 0–60 cm soil layer in treatments A, B, and C in 2020 and 2021 decreased by 3.05%, 5.87%, 10.09%, and 1.65%, 4.48%, and 8.49%, respectively. The average soil water content in the 0–120 cm soil layer at the flowering and boll stage decreased by 3.68%, 6.28%, 9.04%, and 3.59%, 6.52%, and 9.98%, respectively; the soil salt content in the 0–120 cm soil layer at the boll opening stage decreased by 4.21%, 6.75%, 11.95%, and 5.47%, 24.25%, and 54.13%, respectively. Cotton dry matter production and yield tended to increase with an increasing depth of smash ridge tillage. Treatment C obtained the maximum dry matter production, seed cotton yield, effective bolls, and 100-boll weight. The dry matter production at the boll opening stage was significantly increased by 17.16% and 15.91%, and the yield was significantly increased by 65.24% and 84.14% in treatments C in 2020 and 2021, respectively, compared to CT. The smashing ridge tillage of 60 cm can optimize the structure of the soil tillage layer and also reduce soil salinity and increase yield, which is the suitable depth of smashing ridge tillage for saline cotton fields in the south of Xinjiang. The findings of the study can provide some theoretical basis and practical experience for the improvement of saline soils and sustainable agricultural development in South Xinjiang, China.

Evaluation of perennial herbaceous legumes with different phosphorus sources and levels in a Brazilian Ultisol

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A.A. Espindola ◽  
J.G.M. Guerra ◽  
D.L. Almeida ◽  
M.G. Teixeira ◽  
S. Urquiaga
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Herbaceous Legumes ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Phosphorus Sources ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization

AbstractThis study was carried out under field conditions with the aim of evaluating the period of time necessary for soil cover, dry matter production and accumulation of nutrients by perennial herbaceous legumes with different phosphorus sources at different levels. Four legumes were evaluated: calopo (Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.), forage groundnut (Arachis pintoi Krap. & Greg.), siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum (OC.) Urb.) and tropical kudzu (Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth.). Each of these species received different phosphorus (P) sources and levels: no phosphate fertilization; 44 and 88 kg of P ha−1 applied as rock phosphate; and 44 kg of P ha−1 as triple superphosphate. Calopo, siratro and tropical kudzu completely covered the soil surface 129 days before forage groundnut. Phosphate fertilization did not increase the dry matter production of any species. The legumes forage groundnut, siratro and tropical kudzu showed desirable characteristics that promote their use as cover crops, such as high dry matter production and shoot accumulation of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K). Forage groundnut had the highest proportion of N derived from the atmosphere at the end of the rainy season, while there were no significant differences between the legumes at the end of the dry season. There was an elevation of soil pH and calcium+magnesium (Ca+Mg) contents, associated with a reduction of aluminum (Al) content, in the surface soil layer (0–5 cm) for siratro in relation to groundnut and tropical kudzu. Tropical kudzu promoted higher soil organic C contents when compared to groundnut.

Water use and productivity in sub. clover and murex medic swards. I. Dry matter production

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Blumenthal ◽  
RL Ison
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Matter Production

A field experiment was established at Forbes in central-west New South Wales to investigate the hypothesis that the pattern and efficiency of water use varies between genotypes of both (Trifolium subterraneum) and murex medic (Medicago murex), and that this would affect the success of these genotypes in this environment. To test this hypothesis the productivity of two lines of M. murex (CD26 and CD53) and four cultivars of T.subterraneum (Seaton Park and Woogenellup, and two recently released cultivars, Junee and Dalkeith) were compared. Genotypes were grown both with and without irrigation and soil water was monitored for the duration of the field experiment (1987-1989). Soil water use differed little between genotypes, but when differences did occur they were related to maturity grading of the genotype with the earlier maturing cv. Dalkeith using more water without irrigation, and the later maturing cv. Junee using more water with irrigation. There was no evidence of sub. clover dry matter yield declining with time; total yield over the three years exceeded 18 000 kg/ha for all cultivars. Murex medic dry matter yields were higher than sub. clover in the year of sowing; however, dry matter yield in swards was depressed in the year following sowing and weeds contributed more to total sward yield compared to sub. clover in the third year. Both hard and soft-seeded subclover cultivars proved to be equally successful in terms of dry matter production with different cultivars performing better in different seasons and under different irrigation treatments. Sub. clover cvv. Dalkeith and Junee were able to take greater advantage of available soil water early. in autumn than the other genotypes. It was concluded that water availability is not the only factor limiting sub. clover and murex medic dry matter yield in this environment.

Simulation of the dry matter production and seed yield of common beans under varying soil water and salinity conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G.K. Adiku ◽  
M. Renger ◽  
G. Wessolek ◽  
M. Facklam ◽  
C. Hecht-Bucholtz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Matter Production

scholarly journals Salinity Dynamics in Subsoiled Soils of the Northwest of the Argentine Pampean Plain

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Roberto R. Casas ◽  
Juan E. Baridón
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Monthly Variation ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Pampean Plain

Aims: The objective of the present work was to evaluate the annual evolution of the electrical conductivity and the reaction of the soil, in a Natraqualf of the northwest of the Argentine Pampean Plain, treated with a subsoiler and sowing of wheatgrass. Methodology: Four treatments were established in plots of 400 m2: natural pasture; pasture with wheatgrass (Thynopirum ponticum); natural pasture with subsoiling and wheatgrass pasture with subsoiling. Soil samples were extracted at depths of 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm and 30-45 cm, in January, April, July and October. The edaphic parameters analyzed were: pH, electrical conductivity and bulk density. In October, the dry matter production was determined by treatment. The monthly variation of the depth of the groundwater and its chemical characteristics was measured. Results: The depth of the water table fluctuated between 1.30 m and 0.70 m. The implantation of wheatgrass combined with subsoiling produced a decrease in electrical conductivity from 23.7 dS.m-1 to 3.4 dS.m-1 at 0-15 cm, and from 18.3 dS.m-1 to 7.9 dS.m-1 at 15-30 cm. Soil pH decreased almost one unit in the first 30 cm of depth of the treatments that included wheatgrass. The bulk density was reduced from 1.39 to 1.03 g.cm-3 in the treatment with subsoiling and wheatgrass, and 1.09 g.cm-3 in the wheatgrass treatment without subsoiling. The salt concentration and reaction of the soil at more than 30 cm did not show significant changes in the course of the work. Conclusion: The implantation of wheatgrass, combined with the use of a “mole plow” subsoiler, in the studied soil, produces a significant decrease in the salt content and soil pH in the first 30 cm of depth. At more than 30 cm the salt concentration and reaction of the soil is determined by the groundwater.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document