Informativeness of the scales for assessing cognitive functions and psychometric questionnaires for moderate cognitive impairment and vascular genesis dementia

The purpose of this study is assessing informative capability of the most frequently used scales and neuropsychological tests evaluating cognitive function for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and vascular dementia (VD). A total of 104 patients with cerebrovascular disorder including 39 male and 65 female were divided into two subgroups depending on severity of the cognitive impairment. The first group consisted of 51 patients with MCI and the second one consisted of 53 patients with VD confirmed by MMSE and MoCA-test. The obtained correlation analysis data testifies to difficulties in the interpretation of these routinely used scales not only because of the differences between investigated parameters of the patients with MCI and VD, but also because of the main goal of their creation. Most of the scales were created for patients with dementia and now their sensitivity for MCI is doubtful. The MoCA test, Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and ADAS-cog subscale are more sensitive and has greatest informative capability for patients with MCI and dementia, while MMSE is more informative mostly for patients with dementia. Neuropsychological tests DAD and NPI remain informative in varying degrees of cognitive impairment. In the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the degree of cognitive impairment of vascular genesis, one should use not only a complex of scales and neuropsychological tests, but also methods that comprehensively reflect the vascular genesis of the process of formation of cognitive impairment.

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Association Between the Digital Clock Drawing Test and Neuropsychological Test Performance: Large Community-Based Prospective Cohort (Framingham Heart Study)

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/27407 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. e27407

Author(s):

Jing Yuan ◽

David J Libon ◽

Cody Karjadi ◽

Alvin F A Ang ◽

Sherral Devine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Neuropsychological Tests ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Community Based ◽

Clock Drawing Test ◽

Clock Drawing ◽

Large Community ◽

Drawing Test ◽

Heart Study

Background The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) has been widely used in clinic for cognitive assessment. Recently, a digital Clock Drawing Text (dCDT) that is able to capture the entire sequence of clock drawing behaviors was introduced. While a variety of domain-specific features can be derived from the dCDT, it has not yet been evaluated in a large community-based population whether the features derived from the dCDT correlate with cognitive function. Objective We aimed to investigate the association between dCDT features and cognitive performance across multiple domains. Methods Participants from the Framingham Heart Study, a large community-based cohort with longitudinal cognitive surveillance, who did not have dementia were included. Participants were administered both the dCDT and a standard protocol of neuropsychological tests that measured a wide range of cognitive functions. A total of 105 features were derived from the dCDT, and their associations with 18 neuropsychological tests were assessed with linear regression models adjusted for age and sex. Associations between a composite score from dCDT features were also assessed for associations with each neuropsychological test and cognitive status (clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment compared to normal cognition). Results The study included 2062 participants (age: mean 62, SD 13 years, 51.6% women), among whom 36 were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. Each neuropsychological test was associated with an average of 50 dCDT features. The composite scores derived from dCDT features were significantly associated with both neuropsychological tests and mild cognitive impairment. Conclusions The dCDT can potentially be used as a tool for cognitive assessment in large community-based populations.

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Association Between the Digital Clock Drawing Test and Neuropsychological Test Performance: Large Community-Based Prospective Cohort (Framingham Heart Study) (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.27407 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jing Yuan ◽

David J Libon ◽

Cody Karjadi ◽

Alvin F A Ang ◽

Sherral Devine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Neuropsychological Tests ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Community Based ◽

Clock Drawing Test ◽

Clock Drawing ◽

Large Community ◽

Drawing Test ◽

Heart Study

BACKGROUND The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) has been widely used in clinic for cognitive assessment. Recently, a digital Clock Drawing Text (dCDT) that is able to capture the entire sequence of clock drawing behaviors was introduced. While a variety of domain-specific features can be derived from the dCDT, it has not yet been evaluated in a large community-based population whether the features derived from the dCDT correlate with cognitive function. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the association between dCDT features and cognitive performance across multiple domains. METHODS Participants from the Framingham Heart Study, a large community-based cohort with longitudinal cognitive surveillance, who did not have dementia were included. Participants were administered both the dCDT and a standard protocol of neuropsychological tests that measured a wide range of cognitive functions. A total of 105 features were derived from the dCDT, and their associations with 18 neuropsychological tests were assessed with linear regression models adjusted for age and sex. Associations between a composite score from dCDT features were also assessed for associations with each neuropsychological test and cognitive status (clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment compared to normal cognition). RESULTS The study included 2062 participants (age: mean 62, SD 13 years, 51.6% women), among whom 36 were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. Each neuropsychological test was associated with an average of 50 dCDT features. The composite scores derived from dCDT features were significantly associated with both neuropsychological tests and mild cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS The dCDT can potentially be used as a tool for cognitive assessment in large community-based populations.

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Is the Clock Drawing Test a screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment? A systematic review

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610209990676 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 56-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Lena Ehreke ◽

Melanie Luppa ◽

Hans-Helmut König ◽

Steffi G. Riedel-Heller

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Literature Search ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Clock Drawing Test ◽

Clock Drawing ◽

Drawing Test ◽

Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽

Mean Differences

ABSTRACTBackground:The clock drawing test (CDT) is a common and widely used cognitive screening instrument for the diagnosis of dementia. However, it has remained unclear whether it is a suitable method to identify mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this paper is to review systematically the studies concerning the utility of the CDT in diagnosing MCI.Method:A systematic literature search was conducted. All studies dealing with utility of CDT in diagnosing MCI regardless of the applied CDT scoring system and MCI concept were selected.Results:Nine relevant studies were identified. The majority of the studies compared average CDT scores of cognitively healthy and mildly impaired subjects, and four of them identified significant mean differences. If reported, sensitivity and specificity have been mostly unsatisfactory.Conclusion:CDT should not be used for MCI-screening.

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