Visual and audio perception study on drone aircraft and similar sounds in an Urban Air Mobility setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2510-2521
Author(s):  
Roalt Aalmoes ◽  
Naomi Sieben
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
Noise Sensitivity ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Noise Annoyance ◽  
Public Acceptability ◽  
Noise Impact ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Street Environment

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is a novel aerospace concept involving drones and Personal Air Vehicles (PAVs) operating in a densely populated urban environment. Most of such vehicles will be electric-powered and rotor-based, creating a distinct sound in the proposed setting of a city. Public acceptability, partially due to noise impact, is a valid concern for the introduction of UAM. To evaluate human perception and noise annoyance of these vehicles, a study is set up that comprises audio-only and combined audio-visual stimuli of hovering and fly-over events using a Virtual Reality experiment. For both types of stimuli, two ambient environments, recorded with synchronized spherical video and ambisonics audio, are provided as background: a louder urban street environment, and a quieter urban street environment. In addition to the drone sounds, more familiar sounds are also evaluated, namely a helicopter and a lawnmower sound, with and without a visualisation. Test subjects are asked about their noise sensitivity according to a shortened Weinstein scale, and their attitude towards drones using a separate questionnaire at the end of the experiment. [Note from authors: The laboratory study is ongoing and the first results are being analysed. The final results are expected well before the paper deadline. This abstract will be complemented with the main results and conclusions.]

The Epidemiology of Noise Sensitivity in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
Daniel Shepherd ◽  
Marja Heinonen-Guzejev ◽  
Kauko Heikkilä ◽  
David Welch ◽  
Kim N. Dirks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Noise Sensitivity ◽  
Noise Annoyance ◽  
High Deprivation ◽  
Cultural Determinants ◽  
And Task

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Sensitivity to noise, or nuisance sounds that interrupt relaxation and task-related activities, has been shown to vary significantly across individuals. The current study sought to uncover predictors of noise sensitivity, focussing on possible social and cultural determinants, including social position, education, ethnicity, gender, and the presence of an illness. <b><i>Method:</i></b> Data were collected from 746 New Zealand adults residing in 6 areas differentiated by social position. Participants responded to questions probing personal characteristics, noise sensitivity, illness, neighbourhood problems, and noise annoyance. It was hypothesized that those in high-deprivation areas and/or experiencing illness report higher levels of noise sensitivity. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Approximately 50 and 10% of the participants reported being moderately or very noise sensitive, respectively. Significant predictors of noise sensitivity included age, length of residence, level of social deprivation, and self-reported illness. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> There is evidence of social determinants of noise sensitivity, including social position and residential factors.

scholarly journals Endoscopic Pan/Tilt Camera for Thorax Interventions – Design and first results

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 517-519
Author(s):  
Alexander Mrokon ◽  
Peter P. Pott ◽  
Volker Steger
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Magnetic Circuit ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Future Work

AbstractMinimally invasive surgery in some cases suffers from a limited view because certain areas are obscured by others. In this paper, a system is described, which can be used in minimally invasive procedures as an addition to a standard endoscope to improve the range of view. Through FEM simulation a magnetic circuit was designed to position the camera head. Subsequently, a camera positioning system was set up that includes an extracorporeal and an intracorporeal unit. The first controls the intracorporeal system. The latter has a camera inclination angle of up to 65° and an additional vertically downward viewing angle when aligned in parallel (inclination angle 0°). The panning angle is 360°. The camera system was evaluated in lab and cadaver trials. It has been found that the size of the intracorporeal system (16 × 10 × 150 mm) represents a major problem. Future work will focus of the reduction of the system’s size, the improvement of the camera image quality, and design changes considering mechanical stability.

Railway noise annoyance modeling: Accounting for noise sensitivity and different acoustical features

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 3381-3390 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-A. Vallin ◽  
C. Marquis-Favre ◽  
J. Bleuse ◽  
L.-A. Gille
Keyword(s):  
Noise Sensitivity ◽  
Railway Noise ◽  
Noise Annoyance

scholarly journals Effect of sowing density and nitrogen top-dress fertilisation on growth and yield of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) in a Mediterranean environment: first results

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Bochicchio ◽  
Roberta Rossi ◽  
Rosanna Labella ◽  
Giovanni Bitella ◽  
Michele Perniola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Salvia Hispanica ◽  
Area Index ◽  
First Results ◽  
Salvia Hispanica L ◽  
Set Up

The demand for sources of nutraceuticals has led to the rediscovery and diffusion of traditional crops such as chia (<em>Salvia hispanica</em> L.), whose leaves and fruits are rich in W3 fatty acids and anti-oxidants. Chia originates in Central America but it is rapidly expanding to new areas. A field experiment conducted at Atella in Basilicata (Southern Italy) was set up to test the response of chia to N top-dress fertilisation (0 and 20 kg ha<sup>–1</sup>) and to sowing density (D1=125, D2=25, D3=8 and D4=4 plants m<sup>–2</sup>) in a split-plot design with three replications. First results show maximum leaf area index values up to 7.1 and fresh vegetative biomass production at early flowering ranging between 50.87 (D4) and 59.71 (D1) t ha<sup>–1</sup>. Yield increased with plant density: a significantly (P&lt;0.01) higher production (398 kg ha<sup>–1</sup>) was reached in D1. N top-dressing had a detrimental effect on yield and corresponded to higher lodging and lower maturation percentage of seeds, though non-significant. Based on our first results it seems worthwhile to continue agronomical trials for chia in herbaceous systems of southern Italy for leaf production based on traditional genotypes, while fruit production might be pursued by adopting high sowing density and the search for longer-day genotypes.

scholarly journals FIRST STEPS TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED CITYGML-BASED 3D MODEL OF VIENNA

2016 ◽  
Vol III-4 ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Agugiaro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
First Results ◽  
Sustainable Energy Systems ◽  
City Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City ◽  
City Models

This paper presents and discusses the results regarding the initial steps (selection, analysis, preparation and eventual integration of a number of datasets) for the creation of an integrated, semantic, three-dimensional, and CityGML-based virtual model of the city of Vienna. CityGML is an international standard conceived specifically as information and data model for semantic city models at urban and territorial scale. It is being adopted by more and more cities all over the world. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; The work described in this paper is embedded within the European Marie-Curie ITN project “Ci-nergy, Smart cities with sustainable energy systems”, which aims, among the rest, at developing urban decision making and operational optimisation software tools to minimise non-renewable energy use in cities. Given the scope and scale of the project, it is therefore vital to set up a common, unique and spatio-semantically coherent urban model to be used as information hub for all applications being developed. This paper reports about the experiences done so far, it describes the test area and the available data sources, it shows and exemplifies the data integration issues, the strategies developed to solve them in order to obtain the integrated 3D city model. The first results as well as some comments about their quality and limitations are presented, together with the discussion regarding the next steps and some planned improvements.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN WIKI KAMPUS SEBAGAI MEDIA PENGETAHUAN KOMUNITAS DI PERPUSTAKAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Abdurrakhman Prasetyadi ◽  
Danang Dwijo Kangko ◽  
D.W. Ari Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Data Flow ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Web Content ◽  
Knowledge Communities ◽  
University Library ◽  
First Results ◽  
Data Flow Diagram ◽  
Online Encyclopedia ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University

<p>This study aims to: (1) create category of knowledge communities in university library, (2) designing the prototype of an online encyclopedia of knowledge communities in the university library, and (3) testing a prototype of an online encyclopedia of knowledge communities. The method used is the analysis of web content of the communities website at IPB and development protoype using the MediaWiki software. The first results of this study are categories of knowledge created consisting of the main knowledge about the student association, student activity units, other communities, the terms of the campus and the surrounding of the campus. Second, in designing a prototype of Wiki Kampus make a data flow diagrams, system infrastructure, and installation. Furthermore, installation of MediaWiki including by several stages: (1) downloading and extracting the file master MediaWiki on a web server, (2) set-up the master files MediaWiki, (3) determine the format page categorizing and customize the user interface, and (4) set up a user account for students. Third, Wiki Kampus tested by some students of Master of Information Technology for Libraries (MTP) at IPB and the results is function well.</p><p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) membuat kategori pengetahuan komunitas di perpusatakaan PT, (2) merancang prototipe ensiklopedia daring pengetahuan komunitas di perpustakaan PT, dan (3) melakukan ujicoba prototipe ensiklopedia daring pengetahuan komunitas. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis konten web komunitas di IPB dan pengembangan prototipe Wiki Kampus menggunakan perangkat lunak MediaWiki. Hasil dari kajian ini yaitu kategori pengetahuan yang dibuat terdiri dari pengetahuan utama yakni seputar himpunan mahasiswa, unit kegiatan mahasiswa, komunitas lain, istilah-istilah kampus dan lingkungan sekitar kampus. Hasil perancangan prototipe Wiki Kampus terdiri dari pembuatan <em>data flow diagram</em>, perencanaan infrastruktur sistem dan penginstalasian perangkat lunak MediaWiki. Penginstalasian MediaWiki melalui beberapa tahapan di antaranya: (1) mengunduh dan mengekstraksi file master MediaWiki pada server web, (2) melakukan <em>set-up</em> file master MediaWiki, (3) menentukan format <em>page categorizing</em> dan mengkustomisasi tampilan pengguna, serta (4) menyiapkan <em>user account</em> untuk mahasiswa. Ketiga, ujicoba Wiki Kampus dilakukan oleh beberapa mahasiswa program Magister Teknologi Informasi untuk Perpustakaan (MTP) IPB berjalan lancar dan berfungsi dengan baik.</p>

Characterization of a Newly Designed Test Bench for Investigations of Flame-Wall-Interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahand Dalshad ◽  
Tobias Sander ◽  
Michael Pfitzner
Keyword(s):  
Test Bench ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
First Results ◽  
Wall Interaction ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Near Wall

Abstract For the thermal design of combustion chambers and turbine blades in jet engines, a detailed knowledge of the combustion and of the heat loads to the walls is necessary. In general, high operating temperatures and reduced combustor size are striven for in order to increase engine efficiency and reduce weight. Consequently, the components are exposed to temperatures above the melting point of the materials and there is a growing risk of incomplete combustion within the combustion chambers. To study these effects, we set up a new test bench for fundamental investigation of chemical near-wall reactions at atmospheric pressure. First results of gaseous, non-premixed near-wall CH4/air and H2/air flames are presented. Optical methods such as two-line laser-induced fluorescence thermometry and OH* chemiluminescence were applied. Further, the heat release to the wall was determined by means of inverse heat conduction calculation using the data of implemented thermocouples.

scholarly journals Brain Lateralization: A Comparative Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Güntürkün ◽  
Felix Ströckens ◽  
Sebastian Ocklenburg
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Brain Lateralization ◽  
Neural Structure ◽  
Neural Organization ◽  
Brain And Behavior ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The 19Th Century

Comparative studies on brain asymmetry date back to the 19th century but then largely disappeared due to the assumption that lateralization is uniquely human. Since the reemergence of this field in the 1970s, we learned that left-right differences of brain and behavior exist throughout the animal kingdom and pay off in terms of sensory, cognitive, and motor efficiency. Ontogenetically, lateralization starts in many species with asymmetrical expression patterns of genes within the Nodal cascade that set up the scene for later complex interactions of genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors. These take effect during different time points of ontogeny and create asymmetries of neural networks in diverse species. As a result, depending on task demands, left- or right-hemispheric loops of feedforward or feedback projections are then activated and can temporarily dominate a neural process. In addition, asymmetries of commissural transfer can shape lateralized processes in each hemisphere. It is still unclear if interhemispheric interactions depend on an inhibition/excitation dichotomy or instead adjust the contralateral temporal neural structure to delay the other hemisphere or synchronize with it during joint action. As outlined in our review, novel animal models and approaches could be established in the last decades, and they already produced a substantial increase of knowledge. Since there is practically no realm of human perception, cognition, emotion, or action that is not affected by our lateralized neural organization, insights from these comparative studies are crucial to understand the functions and pathologies of our asymmetric brain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document