Faculty Opinions recommendation of Cell-specific targeting of nanoparticles by multivalent attachment of small molecules.

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Weatherman
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Specific Targeting

scholarly journals Recent Progress on the Versatility of Virus-Like Particles

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciying Qian ◽  
Xinlin Liu ◽  
Qin Xu ◽  
Zhiping Wang ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Cell Penetration ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Antigenic Epitopes

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are multimeric nanostructures composed of one or more structural proteins of a virus in the absence of genetic material. Having similar morphology to natural viruses but lacking any pathogenicity or infectivity, VLPs have gradually become a safe substitute for inactivated or attenuated vaccines. VLPs can achieve tissue-specific targeting and complete and effective cell penetration. With highly ordered epitope repeats, VLPs have excellent immunogenicity and can induce strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In addition, as a type of nanocarrier, VLPs can be used to display antigenic epitopes or deliver small molecules. VLPs have thus become powerful tools for vaccinology and biomedical research. This review highlights the versatility of VLPs in antigen presentation, drug delivery, and vaccine technology.

scholarly journals Chemical and Light Inducible Epigenome Editing

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Weiye Zhao ◽  
Yufan Wang ◽  
Fu-Sen Liang
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Epigenome Editing ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Conditional Control ◽  
Cellular Behaviors ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Epigenetic Research

The epigenome defines the unique gene expression patterns and resulting cellular behaviors in different cell types. Epigenome dysregulation has been directly linked to various human diseases. Epigenome editing enabling genome locus-specific targeting of epigenome modifiers to directly alter specific local epigenome modifications offers a revolutionary tool for mechanistic studies in epigenome regulation as well as the development of novel epigenome therapies. Inducible and reversible epigenome editing provides unique temporal control critical for understanding the dynamics and kinetics of epigenome regulation. This review summarizes the progress in the development of spatiotemporal-specific tools using small molecules or light as inducers to achieve the conditional control of epigenome editing and their applications in epigenetic research.

Aryloxy Triester Phosphoramidates as Phosphoserine Biocleavable Masking Motifs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ageo Miccoli ◽  
Binar A. Dhiani ◽  
Peter J. Thornton ◽  
Olivia A. Lambourne ◽  
Edward James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Carboxypeptidase Y ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Enzymatic Assays ◽  
Specific Targeting

Many cellular protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are mediated by phosphoserine. The specific targeting of these PPIs by phosphoserine-containing small molecules has been scarce due to the dephosphorylation of phosphoserine and its charged nature at physiological pH, which hinders its uptake into cells. To address these issues, we herein report the masking of the phosphate group of phosphoserine with biocleavable aryloxy triester phosphoramidate groups. A combination of <i>in vitro</i> enzymatic assays and <i>in silico</i> studies, using carboxypeptidase Y and Hint-1 respectively, showed that the phosphate masking groups are metabolized to release phosphoserine. To probe the applicability of this phosphoserine masking approach, it was applied to a phosphoserine-containing inhibitor of 14-3-3 dimerization, and this generated molecules with improved pharmacological activity in cells compared to their unmasked phosphoserine-containing parent compound. Collectively, the data showcases the masking of phosphoserine with biocleavable aryloxy triester phosphoramidate masking groups as an efficient intracellular delivery system for phosphoserine-containing molecules.

Cell-specific targeting of nanoparticles by multivalent attachment of small molecules

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1418-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Weissleder ◽  
Kimberly Kelly ◽  
Eric Yi Sun ◽  
Timur Shtatland ◽  
Lee Josephson
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Specific Targeting

scholarly journals Mutant-Specific Targeting of Ras G12C Activity by Covalently Reacting Small Molecules

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1338-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S. Goody ◽  
Matthias P. Müller ◽  
Daniel Rauh
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Specific Targeting

Aryloxy Triester Phosphoramidates as Phosphoserine Biocleavable Masking Motifs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ageo Miccoli ◽  
Binar A. Dhiani ◽  
Peter J. Thornton ◽  
Olivia A. Lambourne ◽  
Edward James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Carboxypeptidase Y ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Enzymatic Assays ◽  
Specific Targeting

Many cellular protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are mediated by phosphoserine. The specific targeting of these PPIs by phosphoserine-containing small molecules has been scarce due to the dephosphorylation of phosphoserine and its charged nature at physiological pH, which hinders its uptake into cells. To address these issues, we herein report the masking of the phosphate group of phosphoserine with biocleavable aryloxy triester phosphoramidate groups. A combination of <i>in vitro</i> enzymatic assays and <i>in silico</i> studies, using carboxypeptidase Y and Hint-1 respectively, showed that the phosphate masking groups are metabolized to release phosphoserine. To probe the applicability of this phosphoserine masking approach, it was applied to a phosphoserine-containing inhibitor of 14-3-3 dimerization, and this generated molecules with improved pharmacological activity in cells compared to their unmasked phosphoserine-containing parent compound. Collectively, the data showcases the masking of phosphoserine with biocleavable aryloxy triester phosphoramidate masking groups as an efficient intracellular delivery system for phosphoserine-containing molecules.

Gap junctions in the prothoracic glands of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 706-707
Author(s):  
Ji-da Dai ◽  
M. Joseph Costello ◽  
Lawrence I. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Prothoracic Glands ◽  
Polyhydroxylated Steroids ◽  
Stimulation Of

Insect molting and metamorphosis are elicited by a class of polyhydroxylated steroids, ecdysteroids, that originate in the prothoracic glands (PGs). Prothoracicotropic hormone stimulation of steroidogenesis by the PGs at the cellular level involves both calcium and cAMP. Cell-to-cell communication mediated by gap junctions may play a key role in regulating signal transduction by controlling the transmission of small molecules and ions between adjacent cells. This is the first report of gap junctions in the PGs, the evidence obtained by means of SEM, thin sections and freeze-fracture replicas.

Fusion and Fission Processes in Exocytosis: Possible Roles for Synexin and Osmotic Lysis in the Two Events

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 594-597
Author(s):  
H.B. Pollard ◽  
C.E. Creutz ◽  
C.J. Pazoles ◽  
J.H. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
Large Protein ◽  
Granule Membrane ◽  
Osmotic Lysis ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Chemical Evidence

Exocytosis is a general concept describing secretion of enzymes, hormones and transmitters that are otherwise sequestered in intracellular granules. Chemical evidence for this concept was first gathered from studies on chromaffin cells in perfused adrenal glands, in which it was found that granule contents, including both large protein and small molecules such as adrenaline and ATP, were released together while the granule membrane was retained in the cell. A number of exhaustive reviews of this early work have been published and are summarized in Reference 1. The critical experiments demonstrating the importance of extracellular calcium for exocytosis per se were also first performed in this system (2,3), further indicating the substantial service given by chromaffin cells to those interested in secretory phenomena over the years.

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