Faculty Opinions recommendation of The cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein RSH is essential for normal embryo development in Arabidopsis.

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hood
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Normal Embryo

scholarly journals Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos Show Massive Dysregulation of Genes Involved in Transcription Pathway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunshen Long ◽  
Hanshuang Li ◽  
Xinru Li ◽  
Yongchun Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Normal Embryo ◽  
Cloning Efficiency ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Activation Of Transcription ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

AbstractTranscription is the most fundamental molecular event that occurs with zygotic genome activation (ZGA) during embryo development. However, the potential association between transcription pathways and low cloning efficiency of nuclear transfer (NT) embryos remains elusive. Here, we integrated a series of RNA-seq data on NT embryos to deciphering the molecular barriers of NT embryo development. Comparative transcriptome analysis indicated that incomplete activation of transcription pathways functions as a barrier for NT embryos. Then, the gene regulatory network (GRN) identified that crucial factors responsible for transcription play a coordinated role in epigenome erasure and pluripotency regulation during normal embryo development. But in NT embryos, massive genes involved in transcription pathways were varying degrees of inhibition. Our study therefore provides new insights into understanding the barriers to NT embryo reprogramming.

scholarly journals Ontogenia de la semilla de Yucca periculosa (Agavaceae)

2017 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Eduardo García-Villanueva ◽  
E. Mark Engleman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Outer Integument ◽  
Triangular Prism ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Food Reserve ◽  
Seed Maturity ◽  
Nuclear Development ◽  
Black Color

Seeds of several Yucca species have been studied by Arnott and Horner. They mainly studied the nature condition and stated that the extra-embryonic food reserve tissue is a perisperm. This paper provides ontogenic evidence that this tissue is an endosperm with nuclear development type. The seed shape is nearly a triangular prism less than 1 cm long, black color and the raphe groove is conspicuous. The seed coat is derived exclusively from the outer integument. The exotesta external periclinal cell wall appears with irregular thickness. Both mesotesta and endotesta grow irregularly inward the seed confering to the endosperm a ruminate appearance. Toward seed maturity, the inner integument tissues disappear, thus fusion between intertegumentary and tegmen-nucellar cuticles occurs; valuable ontogenic information is showed by the cuticles, due to its persistence in spite of its generative tissue disappearance. The embryo development increases until 10 weeks after anthesis, it is cylindric, folds like "S" and two thirds of its chalazal lenght correspond to the cotyledon.

Styrene impairs normal embryo development in the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajapaksha Haddokara Gedara Rasika Wathsala ◽  
Silvia Franzellitti ◽  
Morena Scaglione ◽  
Elena Fabbri
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Normal Embryo ◽  
Mediterranean Mussel ◽  
The Mediterranean

Mitochondria and vesicles differ between adult and prepubertal sheep oocytes during IVM

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Reader ◽  
Neil R. Cox ◽  
Jo-Ann L. Stanton ◽  
Jennifer L. Juengel
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Normal Embryo ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Copy Number ◽  
Storage Vesicle ◽  
Mitochondrial Volume ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mitochondrial Number

Oocytes from prepubertal animals have a reduced ability to undergo normal embryo development and produce viable offspring. The correct quantity, activity and cytoplasmic distribution of oocyte organelles are essential for oocyte maturation, fertilisation and subsequent embryo development. The aim of this study was to quantify the ultrastructural differences between oocytes from prepubertal lamb and adult ewes using electron microscopy and stereology. We also determined whether quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods give comparable estimates of mitochondrial number to stereology. Mean storage vesicle volume was greater in adult compared with lamb oocytes before IVM and decreased during maturation in both adult and lamb oocytes. Mitochondrial volume and number increased in adult oocytes during maturation; however, no increase was observed in lamb oocytes. Mitochondrial DNA copy number measured by qPCR showed no differences between adult and lamb oocytes. A different distribution of mitochondria was observed in lamb oocytes before maturation, while the percentage of hooded mitochondria increased during maturation in adult oocytes and decreased in the lamb. In conclusion, the present study has identified differences in the vesicles and mitochondria between adult and lamb oocytes from ewes that may contribute to reduced developmental competence in prepubertal oocytes.

257. Activation of a calcium-activated chloride channel by paf is required for normal preimplantation mouse embryo development in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Y. Li ◽  
M. L. Day ◽  
C. O.'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Outward Current ◽  
Normal Embryo ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Cl Channel

Platelet activating factor (paf) is an autocrine survival factor for preimplantation embryo. Binding of paf to its receptor activates PI3kinase, causing an IP3-dependent release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores as well as activation of Ca2+ influx via a dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ channel. These actions result in the generation of a defined intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) transient in the 2-cell embryo[1]. By using combined whole-cell patch-clamp and real-time [Ca2+]i analyses, we have shown that paf also induces a concomitant hyperpolarisation of the membrane potential in 2-cell embryos, accompanied by an increased net outward ion current. Both the membrane hyperpolarisation and outward current were dependent upon the occurrence of the paf-induced [Ca2+]i transient[2]. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the paf-induced outward current in 2-cell embryos and to assess whether it has a role in normal mouse preimplantation development. We show that: (1) removal of extracellular anions or treatment with niflumic acid (NFA, 100 μM, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel blocker) prevented activation of the outward current by paf but had no effect on the paf-induced [Ca2+]i transient; and (2) The culture of embryos with NFA (100 μM) from the 1-cell to late 2-cell stage significantly reduced their development to the blastocyst stage (P < 0.001), but treatment with NFA from the late 2-cell stage had no effect on development. The results show that paf induces an increase in [Ca2+]i which in turn activates a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel. The activity of this NFA-sensitive channel during the zygote to 2-cell stage is required for normal embryo development. (1) C. O’Neill (2008) The potential roles of embryotrophic ligands in preimplantation embryo development. Hum Reprod Update 14:275–288. (2) Y. Li, M.L. Day & C. O’Neill (2007) Autocrine activation of ions currents in the two-cell mouse embryo. Exp Cell Res. 313:2785–2794.

Normal Embryo Development

2014 ◽  
pp. 1235-1235
Author(s):  
Kamini Rao ◽  
Divyashree PS ◽  
Bezar VV
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Normal Embryo

Normal Embryo Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 1472-1472
Author(s):  
Kamini Rao ◽  
Divyashree PS ◽  
Bezar VV
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Normal Embryo
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