Faculty Opinions recommendation of Risk of lymphoma following exposure to calcineurin inhibitors and topical steroids in patients with atopic dermatitis.

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masutaka Furue
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Topical Steroids

scholarly journals Risk of Lymphoma Following Exposure to Calcineurin Inhibitors and Topical Steroids in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 808-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix M. Arellano ◽  
Charles E. Wentworth ◽  
Alejandro Arana ◽  
Carlos Fernández ◽  
Carle F. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Topical Steroids

scholarly journals Atopic dermatitis – Recent advances in the management

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ramkumar Ramamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Chronic Skin

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disorder resulting from complex interactions between skin barrier defects and a dysregulated immune system, marked by activation of multiple T cell subsets at different stages of the disease. Until recently, the management of AD rested mainly on the judicious use of emollients, topical steroids, and topical calcineurin inhibitors in the majority of patients and systemic immunosuppressants were advocated in severely diseased. However, in the last few years, new therapeutic strategies were designed and developed to target the various steps in the chain of molecular events that lead to the AD phenotype. This review article will focus on the recent advances in the management of AD.

scholarly journals Place of anti-histamine in therapy of itching skin of children

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Masalskiy ◽  
Yuri S. Smolkin
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Receptor Blockers

Itching is a frequent condition at a doctor's appointment of any speciality. A quarter of patients complain of itching of various etiology. In real practice, H1-histamine receptor blockers are prescribed for itching in the first place. The article considers a complex of diseases accompanied by itching of the skin. The itching is a reflex. The classification contains a lot of forms:local and systemic; prurigogenic, neuropathic and psychogenic. Itching has no stable pathogenesis and can be provoked by various conditions. The main types of sensory neurons are opiate and 5-HT-receptors. Urticaria and food allergy are associated with irritation of the skin receptors with histamine and other mast cell mediators. In these cases, antihistamines are the drug of choice regardless of the aetiology of urticaria. In atopic dermatitis, the itching has a complex aetiology: transepidermal water loss, chronic inflammation of the skin with the participation of many cells, secondary hyperinervation of the skin with the formation of a pathological activity focus in the brain. This requires a comprehensive approach to therapy. Xerosisis overcome by the use of emollients and rational skincare. The presence of exacerbation makes it necessary to prescribe topical steroids or calcineurin inhibitors for an acute period s. In the case of the addition of psychogenic itching, antiserotonin 5-HT-blockers drugs, hydroxyzine can be considered. H1-receptor blockers do not affect the intensity of skin lesions in dermatitis, but some molecules can reduce the itching. Quifenadine is the antihistamine dug of the second generation. It can be used in the treatment of allergic itching dermatoses. The rapid onset of action allows you to reach the maximum concentration in the tissues within 1 hour, activate monooxidase and neutralise histamine in the tissue. Quifenadine absence a sedative effect and no respiratory depression.Instructions for the use of the medicinal product can increase the dose by 1,5–2 times.It makes the drug useful for the treatment of manifestations of food allergies and urticaria. The dual antihistamine and antiserotonin action allow the successful use of quifenadine in the acute period of atopic dermatitis, especially provoked by contact with an allergen.

Atopic dermatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neill Peters ◽  
Anju T. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Inflammatory Dermatosis ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Helper Type

Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic relapsing inflammatory dermatosis characterized by pruritus, xerosis, and a close association with IgE mediated sensitization to aeroallergens and foods. More than 60% of children with AD are at risk to develop allergic rhinitis or asthma (the atopic march). The distribution of lesions varies by age. Infants tend to have lesions on the cheeks and scalp, and very young children typically have involvement over the extremities, cheeks, forehead, and neck. A rash in the diaper area of infants is rarely AD. Lesions in older children and adults are usually located in flexural areas, such as the antecubital and popliteal fossae, along with the head and neck. Acute lesions of AD begin as erythematous papules and serous exudates. Secondary lesions include excoriations and crusted erosions due to scratching. Subacute lesions appear as erythematous scaling papules and plaques. If the itch and rash progress uncontrolled, then chronic lichenified AD develops, which features accentuated skin markings with hyperpigmentation. Trigger avoidance, skin hydration, and topical steroids are the first steps for improvement. In acute lesions of AD, the T-helper type 2 cells produce interleukin (IL) 4, IL-13, and IL-31, which may potentiate barrier dysfunction and contribute to pruritus. In chronic lesions, the T-helper type 1 cells predominate and secrete interferon γ and IL-12. Barrier dysfunction from filaggrin predisposes patients to AD. Skin superinfection, particularly with Staphylococcus aureus, is common, and cultures of affected lesions help guide therapy. Eczema herpeticum from herpes simplex virus can be life threatening in patients with AD.

Atopic Dermatitis: Case Series of Individualized Homoeopathic Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Mousumi Das
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Key Words Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Allergic Disorders ◽  
Positive Results

Atopic dermatitis is a common, chronic, intensely pruritic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease that affects both children and adults. Atopic dermatitis is often the originating of a series of allergic disorders, mentioned as the "atopic march".There are numerous risk factors correlated with AD development. However, only two have always been related, and they are (1) family history of atopy and (2) loss of function mutations in the FLG gene. Topical anti-inflammatory therapy with topical corticosteroids or topical calcineurin inhibitors treatment are available in conventional therapy but sometimes it has been reported that patients are also benefited from Homoeopathic treatment. Four patients who presented at the outpatient department at National Institute of Homoeopathy, Saltlake, Kolkata with Atopic dermatitis and a family history of asthma, allergic rhinitis were treated with constitutional homoeopathic medicine. Details of consultations, treatment and assessment are summarized. A constitutional treatment thus eliminates the symptoms locally and internally as well as long-lasting relief from complaints. Common remedies include Mercuris Solubilis, Sulphur. This case series shows positive results of homoeopathy in the treatment of Atopic dermatitis. Key words: Atopic dermatitis, Family history, Individualized Homoeopathic treatment, Case series, repertorisation.

scholarly journals Itch in Atopic Dermatitis – What Is New?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz J. Legat
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
New Era ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Chronic Pruritus

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is among the most frequent inflammatory skin diseases in humans, affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults in higher income countries. Chronic pruritus is a disease-defining symptom of AD, representing the most burdensome symptom for patients. Severe chronic pruritus causes significant sleep disturbances and impaired quality of life, as well as increased anxiety, depression and suicidal behavior. Until recently, skin care, topical corticosteroids, and calcineurin-inhibitors were primarily used to treat mild to moderate AD, while phototherapy and immunosuppressive agents such as corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and methotrexate were used to treat patients with moderate to severe AD. The potential short- and long-term adverse events associated with these treatments or their insufficient therapeutic efficacy limited their use in controlling pruritus and eczema in AD patients over longer periods of time. As our understanding of AD pathophysiology has improved and new systemic and topical treatments have appeared on the market, targeting specific cytokines, receptors, or their intracellular signaling, a new era in atopic dermatitis and pruritus therapy has begun. This review highlights new developments in AD treatment, placing a specific focus on their anti-pruritic effects.

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