Faculty Opinions recommendation of Role for subthalamic nucleus neurons in switching from automatic to controlled eye movement.

Author(s):  
Michael Frank
2004 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian P. Fawcett ◽  
Jonathan O. Dostrovsky ◽  
Andres M. Lozano ◽  
William D. Hutchison

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 2418-2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namiko Nishida ◽  
Tokiko Murakami ◽  
Kunihiro Kadoh ◽  
Rie Tohge ◽  
Miki Yamanegi ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A Thompson ◽  
Anand Tekriwal ◽  
Gidon Felsen ◽  
Musa Ozturk ◽  
Ilknur Telkes ◽  
...  

Sleep is a fundamental homeostatic process, and disorders of sleep can greatly affect quality of life. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is highly comorbid for a spectrum of sleep disorders and deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been reported to improve sleep architecture in PD. We studied local field potential (LFP) recordings in PD subjects undergoing STN-DBS over the course of a full-night’s sleep. We examined the changes in oscillatory activity recorded from STN between ultradian sleep states to determine whether sleep-stage dependent spectral patterns might reflect underlying dysfunction. For this study, PD (n=10) subjects were assessed with concurrent polysomnography and LFP recordings from the DBS electrodes, for an average of 7.5 hours in ‘off’ dopaminergic medication state. Across subjects, we found conserved spectral patterns among the canonical frequency bands (delta 0–3 Hz, theta 3–7 Hz, alpha 7–13 Hz, beta 13–30 Hz, gamma 30–90 Hz and high frequency 90–350 Hz) that were associated with specific sleep cycles: delta (0–3 Hz) activity during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) associated stages was greater than during Awake, whereas beta (13–30 Hz) activity during NREM states was lower than Awake and rapid eye movement (REM). In addition, all frequency bands were significantly different between NREM states and REM. However, each individual subject exhibited a unique mosaic of spectral interrelationships between frequency bands. Our work suggests that LFP recordings from human STN differentiate between sleep cycle states, and sleep-state specific spectral mosaics may provide insight into mechanisms underlying sleep pathophysiology.


2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sören Kliem* ◽  
Christoph Kröger* ◽  
Nico Bayat Sarmadi ◽  
Joachim Kosfelder
Keyword(s):  

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Bei der Behandlung der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) nach einem Typ-II-Trauma werden im klinischen Alltag gegenwärtig unterschiedliche traumabearbeitende Interventionen eingesetzt. Fragestellung: Wie werden die Verbesserungen in verschiedenen Symptombereichen (plötzliches Wiedererleben, Vermeidung, Übererregung, Dissoziation und zusätzliche Symptomatik) in Abhängigkeit von dem Einsatz unterschiedlicher traumabearbeitender Interventionen von den Behandlern retrospektiv eingeschätzt? Methode: Aus einer Umfrage unter Psychologischen Psychotherapeuten (N = 272) wurden die Fälle ausgewählt, bei denen die Therapeuten (1) ein Ereignis nannten, das einem Typ-II-Trauma zugeordnet werden konnte, und (2) angaben, traumabearbeitende Interventionen gemäß der traumafokussierenden, kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie (TF-KVT), der Methode des Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR-Methode) oder der Psychodynamisch-imaginativen Traumatherapie (PITT) durchgeführt zu haben (n = 37). Außerdem beurteilten die Therapeuten retrospektiv die Verbesserungen in den Symptombereichen zu Therapieende. Ergebnisse: Über 40% der Therapeuten gaben an, die Vorstellungsübungen bzw. Bearbeitung des Täter Introjekts gemäß der PITT eingesetzt zu haben, gefolgt von den traumabearbeitenden Interventionen der TF KVT (35.1%) und der EMDR Methode (21.6%). Die Therapeuten, die Interventionen eines der beiden zuletzt genannten Verfahren einsetzten, schätzten die Verbesserungen in den verschiedenen Symptombereichen höher ein als diejenigen, die angaben, eine Intervention gemäß der PITT durchgeführt zu haben. Schlussfolgerungen: Die retrospektiven Einschätzungen der Verbesserungen durch die Therapeuten stehen im Einklang mit den Empfehlungen der Behandlungsleitlinien zur PTBS.


2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-311
Author(s):  
José David Moreno ◽  
José A. León ◽  
Lorena A. M. Arnal ◽  
Juan Botella

Abstract. We report the results of a meta-analysis of 22 experiments comparing the eye movement data obtained from young ( Mage = 21 years) and old ( Mage = 73 years) readers. The data included six eye movement measures (mean gaze duration, mean fixation duration, total sentence reading time, mean number of fixations, mean number of regressions, and mean length of progressive saccade eye movements). Estimates were obtained of the typified mean difference, d, between the age groups in all six measures. The results showed positive combined effect size estimates in favor of the young adult group (between 0.54 and 3.66 in all measures), although the difference for the mean number of fixations was not significant. Young adults make in a systematic way, shorter gazes, fewer regressions, and shorter saccadic movements during reading than older adults, and they also read faster. The meta-analysis results confirm statistically the most common patterns observed in previous research; therefore, eye movements seem to be a useful tool to measure behavioral changes due to the aging process. Moreover, these results do not allow us to discard either of the two main hypotheses assessed for explaining the observed aging effects, namely neural degenerative problems and the adoption of compensatory strategies.


1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence R. Young ◽  
David Sheena

Author(s):  
Julie Mapes Lindholm ◽  
Paul A. Wetzel ◽  
Timothy M. Askins

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Kenyon ◽  
Y. Y. Zeevi ◽  
P. A. Wetzel ◽  
L. R. Young

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document