Faculty Opinions recommendation of Pectin-induced changes in cell wall mechanics underlie organ initiation in Arabidopsis.

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sablowski
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Cell Wall Mechanics

scholarly journals Pectin-Induced Changes in Cell Wall Mechanics Underlie Organ Initiation in Arabidopsis

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 1720-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Peaucelle ◽  
Siobhan A. Braybrook ◽  
Laurent Le Guillou ◽  
Emeric Bron ◽  
Cris Kuhlemeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Cell Wall Mechanics

scholarly journals Even Visually Intact Cell Walls in Waterlogged Archaeological Wood Are Chemically Deteriorated and Mechanically Fragile: A Case of a 170 Year-Old Shipwreck

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuyang Han ◽  
Xingling Tian ◽  
Tobias Keplinger ◽  
Haibin Zhou ◽  
Ren Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Intact Cell ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Wet Chemistry ◽  
Archaeological Wood ◽  
Waterlogged Archaeological Wood ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Crystallite Structure ◽  
Cell Wall Mechanics

Structural and chemical deterioration and its impact on cell wall mechanics were investigated for visually intact cell walls (VICWs) in waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW). Cell wall mechanical properties were examined by nanoindentation without prior embedding. WAW showed more than 25% decrease of both hardness and elastic modulus. Changes of cell wall composition, cellulose crystallite structure and porosity were investigated by ATR-FTIR imaging, Raman imaging, wet chemistry, 13C-solid state NMR, pyrolysis-GC/MS, wide angle X-ray scattering, and N2 nitrogen adsorption. VICWs in WAW possessed a cleavage of carboxyl in side chains of xylan, a serious loss of polysaccharides, and a partial breakage of β-O-4 interlinks in lignin. This was accompanied by a higher amount of mesopores in cell walls. Even VICWs in WAW were severely deteriorated at the nanoscale with impact on mechanics, which has strong implications for the conservation of archaeological shipwrecks.

scholarly journals Cell Wall Perturbation Sensitizes Fungi to the Antimalarial Drug Chloroquine

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 3889-3896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Islahudin ◽  
Combiz Khozoie ◽  
Steven Bates ◽  
Kang-Nee Ting ◽  
Richard J. Pleass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Antimalarial Drug ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Fungal Inhibition ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity Pathway ◽  
Strain Collection ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Wild Type Yeast ◽  
Wall Perturbation

ABSTRACTChloroquine (CQ) has been a mainstay of antimalarial drug treatment for several decades. Additional therapeutic actions of CQ have been described, including some reports of fungal inhibition. Here we investigated the action of CQ in fungi, including the yeast modelSaccharomyces cerevisiae. A genomewide yeast deletion strain collection was screened against CQ, revealing thatbck1Δ andslt2Δ mutants of the cell wall integrity pathway are CQ hypersensitive. This phenotype was rescued with sorbitol, consistent with cell wall involvement. The cell wall-targeting agent caffeine caused hypersensitivity to CQ, as did cell wall perturbation by sonication. The phenotypes were not caused by CQ-induced changes to cell wall components. Instead, CQ accumulated to higher levels in cells with perturbed cell walls: CQ uptake was 2- to 3-fold greater inbck1Δ andslt2Δ mutants than in wild-type yeast. CQ toxicity was synergistic with that of the major cell wall-targeting antifungal drug, caspofungin. The MIC of caspofungin against the yeast pathogenCandida albicanswas decreased 2-fold by 250 μM CQ and up to 8-fold at higher CQ concentrations. Similar effects were seen inCandida glabrataandAspergillus fumigatus. The results show that the cell wall is critical for CQ resistance in fungi and suggest that combination treatments with cell wall-targeting drugs could have potential for antifungal treatment.

Grazing-induced Changes in Cell Wall Silicification in a Marine Diatom

Protist ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Pondaven ◽  
Morgane Gallinari ◽  
Sophie Chollet ◽  
Eva Bucciarelli ◽  
Géraldine Sarthou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Induced Changes

Methods to quantify primary plant cell wall mechanics

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (14) ◽  
pp. 3615-3648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir J Bidhendi ◽  
Anja Geitmann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Modeling ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Cell Wall Mechanics

Abstract The primary plant cell wall is a dynamically regulated composite material of multiple biopolymers that forms a scaffold enclosing the plant cells. The mechanochemical make-up of this polymer network regulates growth, morphogenesis, and stability at the cell and tissue scales. To understand the dynamics of cell wall mechanics, and how it correlates with cellular activities, several experimental frameworks have been deployed in recent years to quantify the mechanical properties of plant cells and tissues. Here we critically review the application of biomechanical tool sets pertinent to plant cell mechanics and outline some of their findings, relevance, and limitations. We also discuss methods that are less explored but hold great potential for the field, including multiscale in silico mechanical modeling that will enable a unified understanding of the mechanical behavior across the scales. Our overview reveals significant differences between the results of different mechanical testing techniques on plant material. Specifically, indentation techniques seem to consistently report lower values compared with tensile tests. Such differences may in part be due to inherent differences among the technical approaches and consequently the wall properties that they measure, and partly due to differences between experimental conditions.

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