Faculty Opinions recommendation of Prevalence and impact of diffuse axonal injury in patients with moderate and severe head injury: a cohort study of early magnetic resonance imaging findings and 1-year outcome.

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Latronico
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Role of magnetic resonance imaging in prediction of outcome in traumatic diffuse axonal injury: A single-centre observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Suraj Thulung ◽  
Nikunj Yogi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Unfavourable Outcome ◽  
Neurological Assessment ◽  
Mri Findings

Introduction: Incidence of diffuse axonal injury has been estimated at 40-50% of hospitalizations. Recently, much interest has been directed towards the potential of newer imaging sequences of magnetic resonance imaging to investigate diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and to prognosticate the outcome. In this study, we correlated the magnetic resonance imaging grades of diffuse axonal injury with clinical outcome in terms of Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Methods and Materials: A hospital based observational study was carried out at Upendra Devkota Memorial National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu in 69 patients of diffuse axonal injury between November 2017 to November 2018. Data was collected on patient and trauma characteristics, as well as neurological assessment and MRI findings. Outcome was assessed as favourable and unfavourable GOS for various MRI grades of diffuse axonal injury. Results: There were 21.74%, 42.03% and 36.23% of cases with grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury respectively. There were 0 (0%), 2 (11.8%) and 15 (88.2%) cases of MRI grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury in favourable GOS group and 15 (28.8%), 27 (51.9%) and 10 (19.2%) cases of MRI grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury in unfavourable GOS group (p=0.00). Conclusion: This study showed that there was a significantly higher chance of unfavourable outcome with increasing MRI grades of diffuse axonal injury.

Classification of Severe Head Injury Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2001 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Woischneck ◽  
S. Klein ◽  
S. Rei�berg ◽  
W. D�hring ◽  
B. Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Prevalence and impact of diffuse axonal injury in patients with moderate and severe head injury: a cohort study of early magnetic resonance imaging findings and 1-year outcome

2010 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toril Skandsen ◽  
Kjell Arne Kvistad ◽  
Ole Solheim ◽  
Ingrid Haavde Strand ◽  
Mari Folvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Gcs Score ◽  
Stage 1

Object In this prospective cohort study the authors examined patients with moderate to severe head injuries using MR imaging in the early phase. The objective was to explore the occurrence of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and determine whether DAI was related to level of consciousness and patient outcome. Methods One hundred and fifty-nine patients (age range 5–65 years) with traumatic brain injury, who survived the acute phase, and who had a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 3–13 were admitted between October 2004 and August 2008. Of these 159 patients, 106 were examined using MR imaging within 4 weeks postinjury. Patients were classified into 1 of 3 stages of DAI: Stage 1, in which lesions were confined to the lobar white matter; Stage 2, in which there were callosal lesions; and Stage 3, in which lesions occurred in the dorsolateral brainstem. The outcome measure used 12 months postinjury was the Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOSE). Results Diffuse axonal injury was detected in 72% of the patients and a combination of DAI and contusions or hematomas was found in 50%. The GCS score was significantly lower in patients with “pure DAI” (median GCS Score 9) than in patients without DAI (median GCS Score 12; p < 0.001). The GCS score was related to outcome only in those patients with DAI (r = 0.47; p = 0.001). Patients with DAI had a median GOSE score of 7, and patients without DAI had a median GOSE score of 8 (p = 0.10). Outcome was better in patients with DAI Stage 1 (median GOSE Score 8) and DAI Stage 2 (median GOSE Score 7.5) than in patients with DAI Stage 3 (median GOSE Score 4; p < 0.001). Thus, in patients without any brainstem injury, there was no difference in good recovery between patients with DAI (67%) and patients without DAI (66%). Conclusions Diffuse axonal injury was found in almost three-quarters of the patients with moderate and severe head injury who survived the acute phase. Diffuse axonal injury influenced the level of consciousness, and only in patients with DAI was GCS score related to outcome. Finally, DAI was a negative prognostic sign only when located in the brainstem.

scholarly journals Diffuse Axonal Injury manifested as Corpus Callosum Damage on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-527
Author(s):  
Hiroshi TOMITA ◽  
Norihiko TAMAKI ◽  
Naoya TAKEDA ◽  
Shizuo OI ◽  
Satoshi MATSUMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cases of Severe Head Injury

Neurosurgery ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack E. Wilberger ◽  
Ziad Deeb ◽  
William Rothfus
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Unconscious Patients due to Diffuse Axonal Injury and Its Prognostic Value

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 015-020
Author(s):  
Devendra Purohit ◽  
Virendra Sinha ◽  
Y. Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gradient Recall Echo ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Unconscious Patients

Aim To study the long-term prognostic value of early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in unconscious patients with traumatic brain injury with findings of NCCT of the brain suggestive of diffuse axonal injury (DAI). Background Studies addressing the correlation of MRI with the pattern and duration of loss of consciousness due to DAI are few. The utility of MRI in predicting the functional outcome has not been reported in the Indian population. Materials and Methods In patients with DAI, MRI sequences including T1, T2*GRE (gradient recall echo), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) were obtained. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores were documented at admission, on discharge, and at 3 months. Results A total of 54 patients (53 males, 1 female) were included in the study. The mean age was 27 ± 11.7 years. The mean GCS score on admission and at follow-up were 9.14 ± 2.3 and 11.7 ± 2.3, respectively. The mean GOS score on discharge and at 3 months were 2.6 ± 0.8 and 3.18 ± 1.02, respectively. SWI sequence detected maximum number of lesions followed by GRE and DWI. Patients with lesions in brainstem and basal ganglia were found to have a less favorable outcome as assessed by GCS and GOS at 3 months. There was no correlation between the total lesion load and outcome at 3 months. Conclusion In patients with DAI, SWI was found to be the most sensitive MRI sequence detecting maximum number of lesions. Patients with lesions in the brainstem and basal ganglia appear to have longer duration of unconsciousness and poorer outcome at 3 months.

Magnetic resonance imaging in cases of severe head injury

Neurosurgery ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 571???6
Author(s):  
J E Wilberger ◽  
Z Deeb ◽  
W Rothfus
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging
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