Faculty Opinions recommendation of CD36- and GPR120-mediated Ca²⁺ signaling in human taste bud cells mediates differential responses to fatty acids and is altered in obese mice.

Obesity is one of the major public health issues, and its prevalence is steadily increasing all the world over. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been shown to be involved in the intake of palatable food via activation of cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R). However, the involvement of lingual CB1R in the orosensory perception of dietary fatty acids has never been investigated. In the present study, behavioral tests on CB1R−/− and wild type (WT) mice showed that the invalidation of Cb1r gene was associated with low preference for solutions containing rapeseed oil or a long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), such as linoleic acid (LA). Administration of rimonabant, a CB1R inverse agonist, in mice also brought about a low preference for dietary fat. No difference in CD36 and GPR120 protein expressions were observed in taste bud cells (TBC) from WT and CB1R−/− mice. However, LCFA induced a higher increase in [Ca2+]i in TBC from WT mice than that in TBC from CB1R−/− mice. TBC from CB1R−/− mice also exhibited decreased Proglucagon and Glp-1r mRNA and a low GLP-1 basal level. We report that CB1R is involved in fat taste perception via calcium signaling and GLP-1 secretion.

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Some Observations on Changes in Denervated Taste Buds of Circumvallate Papillae of Rabbits

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100063457 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 308-309

Author(s):

Sunao Fujimoto ◽

Raymond G. Murray ◽

Assia Murray

Keyword(s):

Taste Buds ◽

Taste Bud ◽

Cell Type ◽

Dark Cells ◽

Type Iii ◽

Circumvallate Papillae ◽

Taste Bud Cells ◽

Light Cells

Taste bud cells in circumvallate papillae of rabbit have been classified into three groups: dark cells; light cells; and type III cells. Unilateral section of the 9th nerve distal to the petrosal ganglion was performed in 18 animals, and changes of each cell type in the denervated buds were observed from 6 hours to 10 days after the operation.Degeneration of nerves is evident at 12 hours (Fig. 1) and by 2 days, nerves are completely lacking in the buds. Invasion by leucocytes into the buds is remarkable from 6 to 12 hours but then decreases. Their extrusion through the pore is seen. Shrinkage and disturbance in arrangement of cells in the buds can be seen at 2 days. Degenerated buds consisting of a few irregular cells and remnants of degenerated cells are present at 4 days, but buds apparently normal except for the loss of nerve elements are still present at 6 days.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Inflammation activates the interferon signaling pathways in taste bud cells.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1091426.545876 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Roper

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathways ◽

Taste Bud ◽

Interferon Signaling ◽

Taste Bud Cells

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Changes in gut microbiota due to supplemented fatty acids in diet-induced obese mice.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718061661.793509010 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Henry Lin

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Obese Mice

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Does intervention with GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide modulate perception of sweet taste in women with obesity: study protocol of a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-021-05442-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mojca Jensterle ◽

Simona Ferjan ◽

Tadej Battelino ◽

Jernej Kovač ◽

Saba Battelino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Neural Response ◽

Taste Perception ◽

Taste Bud ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Food Cues ◽

Link Type ◽

Visual Food Cues ◽

Taste Bud Cells

Abstract Background Preclinical studies demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is locally synthesized in taste bud cells and that GLP-1 receptor exists on the gustatory nerves in close proximity to GLP-1-containing taste bud cells. This local paracrine GLP-1 signalling seems to be specifically involved in the perception of sweets. However, the role of GLP-1 in taste perception remains largely unaddressed in clinical studies. Whether any weight-reducing effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists are mediated through the modulation of taste perception is currently unknown. Methods and analysis This is an investigator-initiated, randomized single-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. We will enrol 30 women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either semaglutide 1.0 mg or placebo for 16 weeks. The primary endpoints are alteration of transcriptomic profile of tongue tissue as changes in expression level from baseline to follow-up after 16 weeks of treatment, measured by RNA sequencing, and change in taste sensitivity as detected by chemical gustometry. Secondary endpoints include change in neural response to visual food cues and to sweet-tasting substances as assessed by functional MRI, change in body weight, change in fat mass and change in eating behaviour and food intake. Discussion This is the first study to investigate the role of semaglutide on taste perception, along with a neural response to visual food cues in reward processing regions. The study may identify the tongue and the taste perception as a novel target for GLP-1 receptor agonists. Ethics and disseminations The study has been approved by the Slovene National Medical Ethics Committee and will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. Results will be submitted for publication in an international peer-reviewed scientific journal. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT04263415. Retrospectively registered on 10 February 2020

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Voltage-gated currents of taste bud cells in infant mice

Neuroscience Research ◽

10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.1003 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. S217

Author(s):

Masafumi Iwamoto ◽

Yoshitaka Ohtubo ◽

Kiyonori Yoshii

Keyword(s):

Taste Bud ◽

Voltage Gated ◽

Taste Bud Cells

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Lipid storage by adipose tissue macrophages regulates systemic glucose tolerance

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00187.2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 307 (4) ◽

pp. E374-E383 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Myriam Aouadi ◽

Pranitha Vangala ◽

Joseph C. Yawe ◽

Michaela Tencerova ◽

Sarah M. Nicoloro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glucose Intolerance ◽

Fatty Acid Uptake ◽

Foam Cell Formation ◽

Acid Uptake ◽

Obese Mice ◽

Adipose Tissue Macrophages

Proinflammatory pathways in adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) can impair glucose tolerance in obesity, but ATMs may also be beneficial as repositories for excess lipid that adipocytes are unable to store. To test this hypothesis, we selectively targeted visceral ATMs in obese mice with siRNA against lipoprotein lipase (LPL), leaving macrophages within other organs unaffected. Selective silencing of ATM LPL decreased foam cell formation in visceral adipose tissue of obese mice, consistent with a reduced supply of fatty acids from VLDL hydrolysis. Unexpectedly, silencing LPL also decreased the expression of genes involved in fatty acid uptake (CD36) and esterification in ATMs. This deficit in fatty acid uptake capacity was associated with increased circulating serum free fatty acids. Importantly, ATM LPL silencing also caused a marked increase in circulating fatty acid-binding protein-4, an adipocyte-derived lipid chaperone previously reported to induce liver insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Consistent with this concept, obese mice with LPL-depleted ATMs exhibited higher hepatic glucose production from pyruvate and glucose intolerance. Silencing CD36 in ATMs also promoted glucose intolerance. Taken together, the data indicate that LPL secreted by ATMs enhances their ability to sequester excess lipid in obese mice, promoting systemic glucose tolerance.

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