Faculty Opinions recommendation of Regulation of epithelial injury and bile duct obstruction by NLRP3, IL-1R1 in experimental biliary atresia.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Wells
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Epithelial Injury ◽  
Duct Obstruction

scholarly journals Regulation of epithelial injury and bile duct obstruction by NLRP3, IL-1R1 in experimental biliary atresia

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1136-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Tatsuki Mizuochi ◽  
Pranavkumar Shivakumar ◽  
Reena Mourya ◽  
Zhenhua Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Epithelial Injury ◽  
Duct Obstruction

scholarly journals Effect of Rotavirus Strain on the Murine Model of Biliary Atresia

2006 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1671-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Allen ◽  
Mubeen Jafri ◽  
Bryan Donnelly ◽  
Monica McNeal ◽  
David Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Biliary Epithelial Cell ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Duct Obstruction

ABSTRACT Biliary atresia is a devastating disorder of the newborn in which afflicted infants develop inflammation and fibrosis of the extrahepatic biliary tract, resulting in cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. Infection with a virus is thought to be a contributing factor in the etiology of biliary atresia. In the murine model of biliary atresia, perinatal exposure to rhesus rotavirus (RRV) results in biliary epithelial cell infection causing bile duct obstruction. The purpose of this study was to determine if tropism for the biliary epithelial cell was unique to RRV. Newborn mice underwent intraperitoneal injection with five strains of rotavirus: RRV (simian), SA11-FM (simian/bovine), SA11-SM (simian), EDIM (murine), and Wa (human). RRV and SA11-FM caused clinical manifestations of bile duct obstruction and high mortality. SA11-SM caused clinical signs of hepatobiliary injury but the mortality was markedly reduced. EDIM and Wa caused no sign of hepatobiliary disease. The systemic and temporal distribution of viral protein and live virus varied according to the injected strain. Immunohistochemistry revealed that RRV and SA11-FM targeted the biliary epithelial cells. In contrast, SA11-SM was found in the liver but in not in the biliary epithelium. These results indicate that strain-specific characteristics dictate tropism for cells of hepatobiliary origin which in turn impact the ability to induce the murine model of biliary atresia.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of Rotavirus-Induced Bile Duct Obstruction (A Model for Human Biliary Atresia) in Normal Balb/C and CB17 scidMice with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (4, Part 2 of 2) ◽  
pp. 116A-116A ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiping Qiao ◽  
Anthony DeVincentes ◽  
Mouied Alashari ◽  
Christine Klemenich ◽  
Linda Duffy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Duct Obstruction

scholarly journals Inhibition of the Notch Signaling Pathway Reduces the Differentiation of Hepatic Progenitor Cells into Cholangiocytes in Biliary Atresia

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1115-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhong Mao ◽  
Shaotao  Tang ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Kang Li
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Notch Pathway ◽  
Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Hepatic Progenitor Cells ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
Duct Obstruction

Background/Aims: Viral infections, especially with rotavirus, are often considered an initiator of the pathogenesis of biliary atresia (BA). However, the mechanism by which rotavirus induces BA is still unclear. Methods: A BA mouse model was induced in newborn mice by i.p. inoculation with rhesus rotavirus within 6 h of birth. The expression of Notch pathway-associated molecules (JAG1, JAG2, Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, DII1, DII3, and DII4) was measured by quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Bile duct obstruction was detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining and CK-19 immunohistochemical staining. DAPT was used to inhibit the Notch pathway in vivo and in vitro. Results: In the livers of patients with BA and rotavirus-induced BA mice, the expression of JAG1 and Notch2 was significantly increased. Inhibition of the Notch pathway by DAPT in vivo ameliorated bile duct obstruction and delayed BA-induced mortality. The serum levels of inflammation cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2, IL-8, and IL-18) were reduced by inhibiting the Notch pathway. The expression of CK19, Sox9, and EpCAM was significantly increased in BA liver, while DAPT treatment decreased the expression of CK19, Sox9, and EpCAM. Conclusion: Notch activation is involved in the pathogenesis of BA by promoting the differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells into cholangiocytes.

Fibrolamellar carcinoma as a cause of bile duct obstruction

Pathology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Eckstein ◽  
Christopher P. Bambach ◽  
Daniel Stiel ◽  
James Roche ◽  
Benjamin N. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Duct Obstruction ◽  
Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

scholarly journals Feasibility and Safety of Endoluminal Radiofrequency Ablation as a Rescue Treatment for Bilateral Metal Stent Obstruction Due to Tumor Ingrowth in the Hilum: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Hoonsub So ◽  
Chi Hyuk Oh ◽  
Tae Jun Song ◽  
Hyun Woo Lee ◽  
Jun Seong Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Metal Stents ◽  
Metal Stent ◽  
Duct Obstruction ◽  
Tumor Ingrowth ◽  
Malignant Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Hilar Bile Duct

Background. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a palliative method known for its application in the endoscopic treatment of malignant bile duct obstruction. It may be a useful rescue method for metal stent malfunction caused by tumor ingrowth. This study aimed to examine the feasibility and safety of endoluminal RFA for occluded bilateral hilar metal stents due to tumor ingrowth in patients with malignant hilar bile duct obstruction. Methods: From March 2016 to June 2018, 11 patients with unresectable malignant hilar bile duct stricture with occluded bilateral hilar metal stents due to tumor ingrowth were enrolled. Endoluminal RFA was performed through a novel temperature-controlled catheter at a setting of 7 W power for 120 s with a target temperature of 80 °C via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The patients’ demographics, clinical outcomes, and adverse events were investigated. Results: The median age was 64 (interquartile range, 54–72) years. All RFA procedures were successful. Clinical success was achieved in eight patients (72.7%). During the follow-up, eight patients (72.7%) showed stent dysfunction, and the median patency after RFA was 50 days (95% confidence interval (CI): 34–not available (NA)). All stent dysfunctions were successfully managed with ERCP. Ten patients died, and the median overall survival was 289 days (95% CI, 107–NA) from RFA to death. There was one case of mild abdominal pain after the procedure without serious adverse events. Conclusions: As a rescue therapy for occluded bilateral hilar metal stents due to tumor ingrowth, endoluminal RFA seemed to be safe and useful in selected patients.

scholarly journals Keratin 7 expression in hepatic cholestatic diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sakellariou ◽  
C. Michaelides ◽  
T. Voulgaris ◽  
J. Vlachogiannakos ◽  
E. Manesis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Bile Duct Obstruction ◽  
Hepatocyte Proliferation ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Ductular Reaction ◽  
Duct Obstruction ◽  
Cholestatic Diseases ◽  
Keratin 7

AbstractWe evaluated keratin 7 (K7) hepatocellular expression in 92 patients with common types of acute and chronic cholestatic diseases caused by bile duct obstruction/destruction or parenchymal lesions [acute hepatitis (n=20), mixed/pure cholestasis (n=16), primary biliary cholangitis-PBC (n=35), primary sclerosing cholangitis-PSC (n=10), vanishing bile duct syndrome (n=3), complete large bile duct obstruction due to space-occupying lesions (n=8)]. K7 immunohistochemical hepatocellular expression and ductular reaction (DR) were semi-quantitatively assessed. Results were correlated with liver enzyme serum levels, cholestasis type, histological features, hepatocellular Ki67 labelling index (LI) and HepPar1 expression. Hepatocellular K7 expression was detected in 87% (81/92) cases and in all cholestatic disease types with lowest incidence in pure/mixed cholestasis and highest in incomplete bile duct obstruction (iBDO), reaching 100% in PSC. K7-positive hepatocytes had low Ki67 LI (0-5%) retaining HepPar1 expression, irrespective of disease type. PSC cases had high K7 hepatocellular expression even with intact bile ducts, a feature that may aid differential diagnosis of cholestatic syndromes. K7 hepatocellular expression significantly correlated with cholestasis type, bile duct loss and fibrosis stage. It was higher in milder acute cholestatic hepatitis showing inverse correlation with hepatocyte proliferation and serum transaminase levels. In iBDO, younger age independently correlated with high K7 expression, while serum GGT levels showed a nearly significant correlation. Correlation with DR findings implied that K7-positive hepatocytes may result through metaplasia. In conclusion, K7 hepatocellular expression is a sensitive though non-specific marker of cholestasis. It may represent a cytoprotective reaction of resting hepatocytes in cholestasis of longer duration especially in younger patients.

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