Abstract
Background
Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in chronic heart failure treatment. However, the impact of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) on treatment efficacy in diabetic patients with heart failure with preserved preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) depending on M235T polymorphism of ATG is still unknown.
Aim
To estimate the efficacy of ACE inhibitors and ARBs therapy in diabetic patient with HFpEF depending on the polymorphism of the M235T of the ATG gene.
Methods
A total of eighty-two patients (50 females and 32 males; mean age 62,9±8,1 years) with HFpEF and type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined. Sixty-two patients were carriers of 235T allele (MT+TT genotypes), 20 patients had MM genotype of M235T polymorphism of ATG, which was determined by using of polymerase chain reaction. All patients were divided into 4 groups depending on genotypes taking Ramipril or Valsartan during 12 months. Clinical examination, 6 minute walking test, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) have been used. All statistical tests were 2-tailed and p<0,05 was considered statistically significant and performed in Statistica 10.0.
Results
It was not found the significant difference in efficacy of treatment using Valsartan or Ramipril in diabetic patients with genotype MM with HFpEF, whereas in the presence of the T allele of the polymorphism of the M235T ATG, use of valsartan was more effective. Table shows the dynamics of the investigated parameters.
Dynamics of parametrs during treatment Parameters HFpEF and DM2T, TT or MT HFpEF and DM2T, MM Ramipril (n=22) Valsartan (n=21) Ramipril (n=10) Valsartan (n=10) Baseline After 12 months treatment Baseline After 12 months treatment Baseline After 12 months treatment Baseline After 12 months treatment SBP, mm Hg 172.0 [157.2; 178.5] 150.0 [132.0; 152.0]* 165.0 [145.3; 174.2] 128.0 [126.0; 134.0]* 167,5 [152.5; 176.0] 140.0 [134.0; 142.0] 160,0 [144.0; 170.0] 146.0 [138.0; 150.0] DBP, mm Hg 98.0 [86.0; 104.0] 92.0 [80.0; 94.0]* 96.0 [82.0; 100.0] 86.0 [80.0; 88.0]* 102.0 [84.0; 106.0] 98.0 [84.0; 100.0] 99.0 [80.0; 100.0] 94.0 [80.0; 96.0] 6 min test, m 313,0 [226,7; 375,5] 320,0 [236,4; 384,6]* 342.5 [258.0; 393.7] 372,0 [262,7; 397,9]* 305.0 [190.5; 375.0] 315.0 [198.5; 384.0] 328.0 [295.0; 401.0] 342.0 [298.0; 410.0] MLHFQ 62,0 [50,0; 71,2] 56,0 [46,5; 68,4]* 61.5 [50.5; 71.5] 40.5 [36.5; 56.5]* 60.0 [47.0; 76.2] 54.0 [43.0; 70.0] 58.0 [49.5; 76.2] 58.0 [49.5; 76.2] Dispnea, % 100 90* 100 70* 100 90 100 80 Edema, % 68,1 54,5* 61,9 33,3* 50 40 60 60 SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MLHFQ, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; statistically significant changes (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Use of Valsartan comparing to Ramipril in diabetic T allele carriers of M235T polymorphism of ATG with HFpEF was independently associated with more effective clinical signs of heart failure improvement, blood pressure decrease, quality of life according to the MLHFQ and physical activity tolerance increase.
Association between renin–angiotensin system inhibitor use and mortality/morbidity in elderly patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a prospective propensity score-matched cohort study
