Faculty Opinions recommendation of HIGS: host-induced gene silencing in the obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis.

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Shiu ◽  
Thomas Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Blumeria Graminis

scholarly journals HIGS: Host-Induced Gene Silencing in the Obligate Biotrophic Fungal Pathogen Blumeria graminis

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 3130-3141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Nowara ◽  
Alexandra Gay ◽  
Christophe Lacomme ◽  
Jane Shaw ◽  
Christopher Ridout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Blumeria Graminis

Host Gamma Aminobutyric Acid Metabolic Pathway is involved in Resistance against Rhizoctonia solani

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamta Rani ◽  
Gopaljee Jha
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Succinic Semialdehyde ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase

Rhizoctonia solani is a highly destructive necrotrophic fungal pathogen having a diverse host range, including rice and tomato. Previously R. solani infection in rice has been found to cause large-scale readjustment in host primary metabolism and accumulation of various stress associated metabolites such as gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). In this study, we report upregulation of GABA shunt genes during pathogenesis of R. solani in rice as well as tomato. The exogenous application of GABA provided partial resistance against R. solani infection in both the hosts. Further, using virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach, we knocked down the expression of some of the tomato genes involved in GABA biosynthesis (glutamate decarboxylase; GAD) and GABA catabolism (GABA-transaminase; GABA-T and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase; SSADH) to study their role in host defense against R. solani infection. The silencing of each of these genes was found to enhance disease susceptibility in tomato. Overall the results from gene expression analysis, exogenous chemical treatment and gene silencing studies suggest that GABA pathway plays a positive role in plant resistance against necrotrophic fungal pathogen R. solani.

scholarly journals Thinopyrum intermedium TiAP1 interacts with a chitin deacetylase from Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici and increases the resistance to Bgt in wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlin Yang ◽  
Pan Fan ◽  
Wenjun Xie ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Zubiao Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Yeast Two Hybrid ◽  
Chitin Deacetylase ◽  
Acid Protein ◽  
Defence Genes ◽  
Two Hybrid

SummaryThe biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is a crucial factor causing reduction of global wheat production. Wild wheat relatives, e.g. Thinopyrum intermedium, is one of the wild-used parents in wheat disease-resistant breeding. From T. intermedium line, we identified the aspartic acid protein gene, TiAP1, which involved in resistance against Bgt. TiAP1 is a secreted protein that accumulates in large amounts at the infection sites of powdery mildew and extends to the intercellular space. Yeast two-hybrid showed that it interacted with the chitin deacetylase (BgtCDA1) of Bgt. Host-induced gene silencing showed BgtCDA1 promotes the invasion of Bgt. Transcriptome analysis showed the cell wall xylan metabolism, lignin biosynthesis-related, and defence genes involved in the signal transduction were upregulated in the transgenic TiAP1 wheat induced by Bgt. The TiAP1 in wheat may inactivate BgtCDA1 deacetylation function, cause chitin oligomers expose to wheat chitin receptor, then trigger the wheat immune response to inhibit the growth and penetration of Bgt, and thereby enhance the tolerance of wheat to pathogens.

scholarly journals Host-Induced Gene Silencing of a Multifunction Gene Sscnd1 Enhances Plant Resistance Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijuan Ding ◽  
Yangui Chen ◽  
Baoqin Yan ◽  
Hongmei Liao ◽  
Mengquan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Tobacco Rattle Virus ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Appressorium Formation ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Infection Stage

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating necrotrophic fungal pathogen and has a substantial economic impact on crop production worldwide. Magnaporthe appressoria-specific (MAS) proteins have been suggested to be involved in the appressorium formation in Magnaporthe oryzae. Sscnd1, an MAS homolog gene, is highly induced at the early infection stage of S. sclerotiorum. Knock-down the expression of Sscnd1 gene severely reduced the virulence of S. sclerotiorum on intact rapeseed leaves, and their virulence was partially restored on wounded leaves. The Sscnd1 gene-silenced strains exhibited a defect in compound appressorium formation and cell integrity. The instantaneous silencing of Sscnd1 by tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-mediated host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) resulted in a significant reduction in disease development in tobacco. Three transgenic HIGS Arabidopsis lines displayed high levels of resistance to S. sclerotiorum and decreased Sscnd1 expression. Production of specific Sscnd1 siRNA in transgenic HIGS Arabidopsis lines was confirmed by stem-loop qRT-PCR. This study revealed that the compound appressorium-related gene Sscnd1 is required for cell integrity and full virulence in S. sclerotiorum and that Sclerotinia stem rot can be controlled by expressing the silencing constructs of Sscnd1 in host plants.

Regulated gene silencing in the fungal pathogen Ophiostoma novo-ulmi

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce S. Carneiro ◽  
Paul Y. de la Bastide ◽  
William E. Hintz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Fungal Pathogen

Gene Identification in the Obligate Fungal Pathogen Blumeria graminis by Expressed Sequence Tag Analysis

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Thomas ◽  
Søren W. Rasmussen ◽  
Mikkel A. Glaring ◽  
Jacques A. Rouster ◽  
Solveig K. Christiansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Gene Identification ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag Analysis ◽  
Expressed Sequence

scholarly journals RNA-mediated gene silencing in the cereal fungal pathogen Cochliobolus sativus

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUEQIANG LENG ◽  
CHENGXIANG WU ◽  
ZHAOHUI LIU ◽  
TIMOTHY L. FRIESEN ◽  
JACK B. RASMUSSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus

scholarly journals Transcript Profiling in the Barley Mildew Pathogen Blumeria graminis by Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE)

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Thomas ◽  
Mikkel A. Glaring ◽  
Søren W. Rasmussen ◽  
Julia T. Kinane ◽  
Richard P. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Appressorium Formation ◽  
Transcript Accumulation ◽  
Host Cell Wall ◽  
Barley Leaf

The fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei develops on the barley leaf via distinct, morphologically well-defined stages. After landing on a host plant, the conidia rapidly germinate to form a primary germ tube. Subsequently, an appressorial germ tube emerges from the conidium and differentiates an appressorium from which penetration of the host cell wall is attempted. We have used serial analysis of gene expression to provide a measurement of messenger RNA contents in ungerminated conidia, during conidial germination, and during appressorium formation. The resulting data provide a resource for the characterization of changes in transcript accumulation during early development of B. graminis.

Studies on the Fungal Pathogen of Dutch Elm Disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 400-401
Author(s):  
H.M. Mazzone ◽  
G. Wray ◽  
R. Zerillo
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Sabouraud Agar ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Control Plate

The fungal pathogen of the Dutch elm disease (DED), Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman) C. Moreau, has eluded effective control since its introduction in the United States more than sixty years ago. Our studies on DED include establishing biological control agents against C. ulmi. In this report we describe the inhibitory action of the antibiotic polymyxin B on the causal agent of DED.In screening a number of antibiotics against C. ulmi, we observed that filter paper discs containing 300 units (U) of polymyxin B (Difco Laboratories) per disc, produced zones of inhibition to the fungus grown on potato dextrose agar or Sabouraud agar plates (100mm x 15mm), Fig. 1a. Total inhibition of fungal growth on a plate occurred when agar overlays containing fungus and antibiotic (polymyxin B sulfate, ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) were poured on the underlying agar growth medium. The agar overlays consisted of the following: 4.5 ml of 0.7% agar, 0.5 ml of fungus (control plate); 4.0 ml of 0.7% agar, 0.5 ml of fungus, 0.5 ml of polymyxin B sulfate (77,700 U). Fig. 1, b and c, compares a control plate and polymyxin plate after seven days.

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