Development of Imaging and Liquid Biomarker Analysis for Breast Cancer Screening: A Review

Breast cancer screening tests could reduce the mortality rates for breast cancer patients. Screening and detection are the keystone of cancer prevention and may significantly minimize the death rates in breast cancer patients for long-term. In this review, we would like to present a comprehensive summary from recent publications of the current development for breast cancer screening, classification of breast cancer based on pathological diagnosis, as well as development of breast cancer detection. The sources of the articles were collected from research published in the PubMed, NCBI databases and manual searches without time restriction based on review of the title, abstract and full review of the articles, using the keywords "breast cancer", "diagnostic", "screening", "imaging", "biomarker" and the combination of these terms. The criteria excluded in selecting references were articles that are not written in English, newspapers, and posters. Of the 146 articles that were selected, there were 103 articles included. Breast cancer screening consists of imaging and pathological assessment such as invasive biopsies of tumor tissue and measurement of biomarkers. The recent development of breast cancer screening utilizing different models and methods like biomarkers were being reviewed. For imaging methods, there are mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis (3D mammography), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography. For pathological assessment, there are primary biomarker analysis for breast cancer (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, KI67 index) and liquid biomarker analysis from blood or saliva samples. Additionally, there are some diagnostic kit models for breast cancer screening that were in use such as NanoString nCounter®, MammaTyper®, CellSearch System™, and AdnaTest BreastCancer™. Each of these methods has its own limitations. Therefore, the development of breast cancer models should be more sensitive, reliable, approachable and less harmful.

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Self-perceived Risk of Breast Cancer and Screening Behaviors of First-degree Female Relatives of Breast Cancer Patients at the Uganda Cancer Institute, Uganda

10.21203/rs.3.rs-343329/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Provia Ainembabazi ◽

Derrick Bary Abila ◽

Grace Manyangwa ◽

Godwin Anguzu ◽

Innocent Mutyaba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Early Detection ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Perceived Risks ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

Cancer Breast

Abstract Introduction In Uganda, Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females globally. The majority of the patients present with advanced-stage disease at diagnoses and experience high mortality. This underscores the importance of early detection approaches based on awareness of risk factors and self-perceived risks, and symptoms of the disease to promote adoption of risk reduction behaviors and prompt health-seeking respectively. This study assessed the self-perceived risk of breast cancer, and breast cancer screening behaviours among first-degree female relatives of breast cancer patients in Uganda.Methods This was a cross-sectional study employing quantitative approaches for data collection and analyses. First-degree female relatives of patients attending care at Uganda Cancer Institute were recruited consecutively in the study. A pre-tested coded questionnaire was used to collect data on self-perceived risks, breast cancer risks, and breast cancer screening behaviours. Data were collected between March to October 2019. A modified Poisson regression model was used to evaluate factors associated with self-perceived risk of breast cancer and breast cancer risk awareness.ResultsWe enrolled 296 first-degree female relatives from 197 female breast cancer patients. The median age (IQR) was 33 (26-43) years. A majority (60.1%, 178/296) of the participants had a low self-perceived risk of breast cancer. Breast self-examination (55.7%, 165/296) was the most practiced screening method followed by clinical breast examination (n= 64/296, 21.6%), ultrasound scan of the breast (7.8%, 23/296,), and mammogram (3.7%, 11/296). Women aged 35-44 years had a higher self-perceived risk of breast cancer (adjusted Incident Rate Ratio [aIRR]: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.10-2.80), compared to women aged 18-25 years. ConclusionFirst-degree relatives reported a low self-perceived risk of breast cancer. Breast cancer health education especially targeting younger women should emphasize the increased risk of breast cancer in first-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer. There is a need to increase awareness of breast cancer screening methods and their usefulness in the early detection of breast cancer among all women in Uganda.

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Non-invasive microrna signatures from the plasma of breast cancer patients reveals sensitive and specific marker for breast cancer screening

Pathology ◽

10.1016/s0031-3025(16)32855-0 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. S90

Author(s):

Enders K.O. Ng ◽

Candy P.H. Leung ◽

Vivian Y. Shin ◽

Hong Chuan Jin ◽

Kent-Man Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Specific Marker ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Non Invasive

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86P Assessment of breast cancer screening awareness among relatives of Egyptian breast cancer patients

Annals of Oncology ◽

10.1093/annonc/mdv519.35 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. ix16

Author(s):

M.K. Jomaa ◽

N.M. Gado ◽

H. Elgazawy ◽

F. Sayed ◽

A. Mousselhy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Patients

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The limitations of breast cancer screening for first-degree relatives of breast cancer patients.

American Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2105/ajph.85.6.832 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 85 (6) ◽

pp. 832-834 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A I Neugut ◽

J S Jacobson

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

First Degree Relatives

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Breast Cancer Risk Perception of First Degree Female Relatives of Breast Cancer Patients Influences Their Risk Reduction Behaviors: A Pre-Study Assessment

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.18.55100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽

pp. 23s-23s

Author(s):

A. Derrick Bary

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Breast Cancer Patients

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer affecting women worldwide. There is an increased risk of breast cancer among the first degree relatives. Perceived risk relates to an individual's belief about the probability or likelihood of developing some specified illness. Cancer fatalism is the belief that cancer is predetermined, beyond individual control, and necessarily fatal. Aim: To assess the self-perceived risk of breast cancer and screening and risk reduction behaviors among the first degree female relatives of breast cancer patients. Findings from this study can inform interventions to increase uptake of breast cancer screening services among relatives of breast cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The results formed a baseline for designing a study on risk perception and risk reduction practices among first degree female relatives of patients diagnosed with breast cancer at Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda. Methods: Review of literature on risk perception and risk reduction practices of first degree relatives of breast cancer patients. We searched through various literature published in PubMed and oncology journals in HINARI published in English. All the studies were conducted among female relatives of breast cancer patients from world. All eligible papers were included in the review. The papers were carefully appraised to identify key outcomes of the studies. Results: Women were engaged in risk reduction behaviors like smoking cessation, reduction in alcohol intake, physical activity and screening for breast cancer. Women aged 54 years and below had a higher perceived lifetime risk of breast cancer (39.5%) compared with those aged ≥ 55 years (30.6%) who perceived themselves at lower risk. Levels of education have also been found key in determining an individual's perceived risk. Being unrealistically optimistic was significantly associated with high level of educational attainment while women who did not know their risk were less educated. Socioeconomic status has also been seen to influence breast cancer perceived risk. Unrealistic pessimism was frequent among women with a higher income status although a greater proportion of women who accurately perceived their 5-year risk of breast had a higher annual income. There was a significant association of the stage of breast cancer, time since diagnosis and perceived breast cancer risk among the relatives. Fatalistic beliefs about cancer prevention influenced prevention behaviors by promoting a sense of external locus of control changing beliefs about the value of specific behaviors, or reducing self-efficacy and motivation to perform prevention behaviors. Conclusion: High risk perception is associated with increase need to engage in risk reduction behaviors. Fatalism among women was the primary reason not to engage in breast cancer screening.

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ATM heterozygosity and breast cancer: screening of 37 breast cancer patients for ATM mutations using a non-isotopic RNase cleavage-based assay

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment ◽

10.1023/a:1006463730337 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 79-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Karen C. Drumea ◽

Eva Levine ◽

Jonine Bernstein ◽

Brenda Shank ◽

Sheryl Green ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Patients

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Breast Cancer Detection from a Urine Sample by Dog Sniffing: A Preliminary Study for the Development of a New Screening Device and a Literature Review

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10060517 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 517

Author(s):

Shoko Kure ◽

Shinya Iida ◽

Marina Yamada ◽

Hiroyuki Takei ◽

Naoyuki Yamashita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Urine Sample ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Double Blind ◽

Blind Test ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Detect Breast Cancer

Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated that dogs can sniff and detect cancer in the breath or urine sample of a patient. This study aims to assess whether the urine sample can be used for breast cancer screening by its fingerprints of volatile organic compounds using a single trained sniffer dog. This is a preliminary study for developing the “electronic nose” for cancer screening. Methods: A nine-year-old female Labrador Retriever was trained to identify cancer from urine samples of breast cancer patients. Urine samples from patients histologically diagnosed with primary breast cancer, those with non-breast malignant diseases, and healthy volunteers were obtained, and a double-blind test was performed. Total of 40 patients with breast cancer, 142 patients with non-breast malignant diseases, and 18 healthy volunteers were enrolled, and their urine samples were collected. Results: In 40 times out of 40 runs of a double-blind test, the trained dog could correctly identify urine samples of breast cancer patients. Sensitivity and specificity of this breast cancer detection method using dog sniffing were both 100%. Conclusions: The trained dog in this study could accurately detect breast cancer from urine samples of breast cancer patients. These results indicate the feasibility of a method to detect breast cancer from urine samples using dog sniffing in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Although the methodological standardization is still an issue to be discussed, the current result warrants further study for developing a new breast cancer screening method based on volatile organic compounds in urine samples.

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