scholarly journals Measurements of transverse section wear of rails in tracks of tram-loop

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jacek Makuch
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Section ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Track Width ◽  
Rail Wear ◽  
Width Measurements ◽  
Practical Measurement

In article the problems of classical methods of transverse section wear of rails replacement with new techniques based on electronic devices was concerned. Reasons of rails shape section changes were defined. Principles of rails waste inspection resulting from regulations were reminded. Review of practical measurement methods and devices were made. Shapes of nominal sections of rails used in tram tracks were analyzed. Realization of measurements executed with mechanical-electronic profile gauge and mechanical track gauge on tram-loop Sępolno in Wrocław were described. Proposal of graphic manner analysis of rail wear measurements in connection with track width measurements were proposed. In summary conclusions from effected investigations were formulated.

Electrical characterization of thick film materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000079-000084
Author(s):  
L. Rebenklau ◽  
P. Gierth ◽  
H. Grießmann
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
Thick Films ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Track Width ◽  
Thick Film Technology

The thick-film technology is one of the fundamental technologies for the production of circuit carriers for electronic modules. It is mainly used in areas with harsh environmental conditions, such as sensor or automotive applications. Basis of the thick film technology are glass-based pastes, which are screen printed on ceramic substrates and fired in a high temperature process at (500…1000) ° C. Such thick film pastes are commercially available from various suppliers as elements of paste systems, which mainly include compatible isolation, resistance and conductive pastes. There are a number of requirements according the fired thick film characteristics, such as high breakdown voltage of isolation thick films or low noise performances of resistance thick films. However, the most requirements are concentrating on conductor thick films. They should guarantee excellent properties in terms of assembling (soldering, bonding) which are focused in a many publications. Simultaneously, they should also offer very good electrical characteristics that have not been completely investigated until today. At Fraunhofer IKTS different measurement methods are developed and adapted to characterize the electrical performance of thick film structures. Already well known is the short term overload (STOL) measurement of thick film resistances, which determining the maximum power dissipation of the thick film structure. The basic concept of this measurement is adapted on conductive thick film structures like conductive tracks or vias. The investigations show correlations between geometrical thick film properties and the resulting thermal characteristics of the thick film structure. Results can be used to improve screen-printing layouts in terms of cost reduction (paste consumption) and thermal management (track width, via diameter), but can also help to improve paste compositions itself. The paper will give an overview of the used electrical measurement methods and present exemplary results.

Use of artificial neural networks on optical track width measurements

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (22) ◽  
pp. 4857
Author(s):  
Richard J. Smith ◽  
Chung W. See ◽  
Mike G. Somekh ◽  
Andrew Yacoot
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Track Width ◽  
Optical Track ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Width Measurements

Development of Portable Inspection Car for Measuring Rail Wear

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Jin Hui Xu ◽  
Jian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Software Platform ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rail Wear ◽  
Wear Measurement ◽  
Measuring Accuracy

The past rail wear measurement methods and equipments are summarized and the development process of portable inspection car for measuring rail wear is presented. The measurement system of this portable inspection car is developed based on the software platform of Labview. The car structure design is delicate and matched well with the image collecting device. This portable inspection car can measure the rail wear every 2.5 cm along the railway line and the measuring accuracy is 0.1mm.

Mitigating the Effects of Social Desirability Bias in Self-Report Surveys

2020 ◽  
pp. 146-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Durmaz ◽  
İnci Dursun ◽  
Ebru Tümer Kabadayi
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
New Techniques

Self-reporting is a frequently used method to measure various constructs in many areas of social science research. Literature holds abundant evidence that social desirability bias (SDB), which is a special kind of response bias, can severely plague the validity and accuracy of the self-report survey measurements. However, in many areas of behavioral research, there is little or no alternative to self-report surveys for collecting data about specific constructs that only the respondents may have the information about. Thus, researchers need to detect or minimize SDB to improve the quality of overall data and their deductions drawn from them. Literature provides a number of techniques for minimizing SDB during survey procedure and statistical measurement methods to detect and minimize the validity-destructive impact of SDB. This study aims to explicate the classical and new techniques for mitigating the SDB and to provide a guideline for the researchers, especially for those who focus on socially sensitive constructs.

Graphene Metrology Using Fluorescence Quenching of Different Fluorescent Dyes

2012 ◽  
Vol 1451 ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Hosseini Bay ◽  
Maziar Ghazinejad ◽  
Miroslav Penchev ◽  
Isaac Ruiz ◽  
Zafer Mutlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Fundamental Research

ABSTRACTThe unique structure and properties of graphene initiated broad fundamental and technological research, and highlighted graphene as a new candidate for various applications such as energy storage, solar cells and electronic devices. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been utilized for industrial large-scale synthesis of graphene. Regardless of the synthesis process, graphene should be transferred to arbitrary substrates for different applications. The transfer processes, introduce defects such as wrinkles and cracks in graphene which compromise the properties and applications. In recent years, fundamental research has been focused on characterization of graphene to develop new techniques for large-scale, high-resolution graphene metrology. Herein, a complementary high throughput metrology technique using fluorescent quenching is further investigated for different fluorescent dyes to characterize CVD synthesized graphene.

Optical track width measurements below 100 nm using artificial neural networks

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2397-2404 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Smith ◽  
C W See ◽  
M G Somekh ◽  
A Yacoot ◽  
E Choi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Track Width ◽  
Optical Track ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Width Measurements
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