From flower to fruit: ecological and evolutionary implications of abiotic and biotic factors affecting Juniperus thurifera L. cone development

Neozygites floridanais an obligate mite pathogenic fungus in the Entomophthoromycota. It has been suggested that resting spores of this fungus are produced as a strategy to survive adverse conditions. In the present study, possible mechanisms involved in the regulation of resting spore formation were investigated in the hostsTetranychus urticaeandTetranychus evansi. Abiotic and biotic factors mimicking conditions that we, based on earlier field studies, thought might induce resting spores in temperate and tropical regions were tested with isolates from Norway and Brazil. A total of 42 combinations of conditions were tested, but only one induced the formation of a high number of resting spores in only one isolate. The Brazilian isolate ESALQ1420 produced a large number of resting spores (51.5%) inT. urticaeat a temperature of 11°C, photoperiod of 10L:14D, and light intensity of 42–46 (μmol m−2 s−1) on nonsenescent plants (nondiapausing females). Resting spores of the BrazilianN. floridanaisolate ESALQ1421 were found at very low levels (up to 1.0%). Small percentages ofT. urticaewith resting spores (0–5.0%) were found for the Norwegian isolate NCRI271/04 under the conditions tested. The percentages of resting spores found for the Norwegian isolate in our laboratory studies are similar to the prevalence reported in earlier field studies.

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Assembly of Optimum Habitats for Asian Houbara Bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii) in the Arabian Peninsula: The Vegetation Aspects

International Journal of Biodiversity ◽

10.1155/2015/925093 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Naseraldeen Baqer Asadalla ◽

Mohammad Sulaiman Abido ◽

Asma Abahussain ◽

Mohamed Shobrak

Keyword(s):

Arabian Peninsula ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Acacia Tortilis ◽

Biotic Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Houbara Bustard ◽

Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽

Study Sites ◽

And Behavior ◽

Line Intercept

This research was conducted in four sites at Mahazat as-Sayd reserve in Saudi Arabia to determine the optimum habitats’ constituents for Asian houbara bustard Chlamydotis macqueenii via assessing abiotic and biotic factors with special reference to vegetation aspects. Vegetative parameters were quantified using combinations of distance and line intercept methods. Acquired data were analyzed using cluster analysis and analysis of variance tests. Results indicated that three of the four plant communities of the study sites were dominated by Acacia tortilis with underground cover composed of lesser species. On the other hand, White Jabal was dominated by scrubs composed mainly of Fagonia indica with sparse Acacia trees. Rumrumiyya site recorded the highest species abundance and vegetative coverage (133%) among the sites. It is concluded that Black Jabal and White Jabal sites are used as nesting and foraging habitats for houbaras, whereas Jabal Khurse is specifically a males’ display site. Nevertheless, Rumrumiyya site was used for foraging and shelter. The study confirmed that density and vegetation cover are of prime importance for houbara site selection. However, other factors affecting feeding and behavior of the species must be considered in further studies.

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Abiotic and biotic factors affecting the replication and pathogenicity of bee viruses

Current Opinion in Insect Science ◽

10.1016/j.cois.2016.04.009 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 14-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Alexander J McMenamin ◽

Laura M Brutscher ◽

William Glenny ◽

Michelle L Flenniken

Keyword(s):

Biotic Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽

Bee Viruses

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Surrounding Vegetation, Climatic Elements, and Predators Affect the Spatial Dynamics of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Commercial Melon Fields

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toz181 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 112 (6) ◽

pp. 2774-2781 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thiago Nunes Pinto Felicio ◽

Thiago Leandro Costa ◽

Renato Almeida Sarmento ◽

Rodrigo Soares Ramos ◽

Poliana Silvestre Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Density Ratio ◽

Spatial Dynamics ◽

Sampling Location ◽

Biotic Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽

Pest Density ◽

Climatic Elements

Abstract Studying the spatial dynamics of pests allows the determination of abiotic and biotic factors affecting time and locations of pest attack to the crops. Such abiotic and biotic factors mainly include 1) climatic elements, 2) natural enemies, 3) phenological stage of plants, and 4) surrounding vegetation. Melon (Cucumis melo L. [Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae]) is among the most consumed fruit in the world, and the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is among the main pests of this crop. This work aimed to determine the effects of surrounding vegetation, natural enemies, climatic elements, and stages of plants on the spatial dynamics of B. tabaci in commercial melon fields. Adult whitefly densities were monitored on four melon fields in a tropical climate region. Sampling location in crops was georeferenced. Experimental data were submitted to geostatistical analysis. The highest densities of B. tabaci occurred during hot periods experiencing lower rainfall, and when the surrounding area presented crops hosting B. tabaci, especially other melon farms. The density ratio of the predators (i.e., spiders and Geocoris sp.) were dependent on pest density. The pattern of field colonization by B. tabaci varies according to its density. Therefore, the surrounding vegetation, air temperature, and predators influence the spatial distribution of B. tabaci in melon fields. These results provide important information to melon farmers, assisting them to improve the management of B. tabaci in the field.

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Abiotic and biotic factors affecting zooperiphyton development in a waterflow of a cooling water pool

Contemporary Problems of Ecology ◽

10.1134/s1995425510040144 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 495-497

Author(s):

T. A. Sharapova

Keyword(s):

Cooling Water ◽

Biotic Factors ◽

Water Pool ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Abiotic And Biotic Factors

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Abiotic and biotic factors affecting Rhagoletis mendax [Diptera :Tephritidae] populations in eastern Canadian lowbush blueberry fields

Phytoprotection ◽

10.7202/706022ar ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P.S. Geddes ◽

J.-P.R. LeBlanc ◽

W.N. Yule

Keyword(s):

New Brunswick ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

Cultural Practice ◽

Biotic Factors ◽

Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Lowbush Blueberry ◽

Rhagoletis Mendax ◽

Abiotic And Biotic Factors

An investigation was carried out in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, Canada, to identify natural regulatory factors, such as soil acidity and weed incidence, that could influence the occurrence of blueberry maggot (Rhagoletis mendax) populations in commercial lowbush blueberry fields (Vaccinium angustifolium). Over the range observed, the soil acidity had no detectable influence on the distribution and mortality of R. mendax larvae and pupae. Adult migrational patterns were affected by the cultural practice of burning on alternate years causing the emerging adults of burned fields to move toward sareasin production. There was also a positive correlation between the growth intensity of indigenous weeds and blueberry maggot infestation levels.

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