Exposure of Reference and Sense in English Textbook of Elementary Students of Grade One

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Berlin Sibarani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Students ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Textbook Writer ◽  
English Textbooks ◽  
Grade One ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Elementary English ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The objectives of this study were to describe the exposure of references in Elementary English textbooks. This study revealed that 96% in the attempt to teach the students the reference as the semantic properties of the objects. No systematic and organized attempts to expose the references which enable the students to develop their mental image critically and systematically. Exposure of senses is also found in the textbook although their occurrences are very few and limited in terms of number (4%) and types of sense. The sense exposed in the textbook is limited to attributes of various objects having the same expression and proper names. Systematic and purposeful organizations of this exposure are not found either. This might be caused by the lack of knowledge of the textbook writer about the semantic properties of objects (nouns), their relationship with the mental image development of the students. For better exposure of meanings of objects (nouns) in English textbooks, theories of reference and sense and other semantic properties of meaning must be taken into account. Keywords: reference, sense, elementary, mental image, textbook

scholarly journals Determiners and quantifiers in Spanish: types, tests and theories

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-108
Author(s):  
Antonio Fábregas
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Indefinite Article ◽  
Semantic Properties

This article provides an overview about the main facts and analytical options in the domain of determiners and quantifiers in Spanish. It covers the main classification of determiners and their basic syntactic and semantic properties (§1), the differences in behaviour between quantifiers and determiners in the strict sense (§2), the notion of definiteness and the contrasts in the use of the definite and indefinite articles (§3), the notion of specificity (§4) and the main types of quantifiers and how they can be identified (§5). In terms of analytical problems, it discusses whether determiners should be considered heads or not (§6), the areas within the determiner and quantifier domain (§7), the nature of the indefinite article as an element that shares properties with existential quantifiers (§8), the problems posed by proper names (§9) and the possible existence of phonologically null determiners in Spanish (§10). Conclusions are presented in §11.

scholarly journals What do physicians know about homosexuality? Translation and adaptation of Knowledge about Homosexuality Questionnaire

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Corrêa-Ribeiro ◽  
Fabio Iglesias ◽  
Einstein Francisco Camargos
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

ABSTRACT Objective: To adapt the Knowledge about Homosexuality Questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese, and to assess knowledge of heterosexual physicians on homosexuality. Methods: The following steps for cultural adaptation were made: translation by two independent evaluators, translation synthesis, and evaluation of semantic properties by the target population, followed by the development of a pilot study and administration of the instrument to 224 heterosexual physicians working in the Brazilian Federal District. Results: The mean number of correct answers in the questionnaire was 11.8 (SD=2.81) out of 18 items, i.e., 65.5%. Catholic and evangelical physicians gave a significant lower number of correct answers compared with those who believed in other religions or who did not believe in any religion (p=0.009), and 40% of sample did not know that homosexuality is not considered a disease. Conclusion: This study adapted the American instrument entitled Knowledge about Homosexuality Questionnaire and provided evidence for its validation in Brazil, revealing physicians' lack of knowledge about several aspects related to homosexuality. The findings of this study may help in guiding improvements in medical training and practice.

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