scholarly journals «The» or «A» leading organization in migration? IOM as an actor in global migration governance

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (34) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Stefan Rother ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
Nation States ◽  
United Nations System ◽  
The One ◽  
Nations System

The emerging global governance of migration is characterized by its fragmentation in terms of institutions, underlying norms and conventions. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) holds a peculiar place within this framework: On the one side, it has been situated outside the United Nations System until very recently, considers itself a «non-normative» agency, and has mostly acted as a profit-based service provider for nation-states. On the other side, the IOM has been instrumental in establishing influential norms such as «migration management», it has been lauded «a leading agency on migration» by the UN and its member states, and moved closer to the UN system as a «related organization» in September 2016. However, the opposition to the original suggestion of calling the IOM «the leading agency on migration» highlights —beyond mere semantics— that the role of the organization is still nor clearly defined and remains contested. This contribution analyses the actorness IOM has achieved in global migration governance.

Determining the impact of knowledge sharing initiatives in international organizations: Case studies

IFLA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Linda Stoddart
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Senior Management ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
United Nations System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nations System

No one disputes that knowledge is the lifeblood of international organizations and especially specialized agencies of the United Nations. However, there has been little consensus on the best methods to share knowledge, leverage the extensive international expertise and make it available to the constituents and partners of these organizations. What is their strategy for managing knowledge? Do they have one? What impact does it have? What is the role of senior management in championing knowledge sharing in these international organizations? These are the questions this paper addresses through the lenses of the evaluations of current knowledge sharing practices in two institutions located in Geneva, Switzerland, both part of the United Nations system.

The History of International Organization(s)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Reinalda
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
United Nations ◽  
American Exceptionalism ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Regime Theory ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
United Nations System ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Nations System

The emerging discipline of Political Science recognized international organization as an object of study earlier (i.e., around 1910) than International Law, which through an engagement with League of Nations ideals began to follow the developments of international organizations (IOs) during the 1920s, and History, which kept its focus on states and war rather than on IOs until the early 2000s. The debate between Liberal Institutionalism and (after 1945 dominant) Realism deeply influenced the study of IOs. The engagement of the United States in the United Nations System, however, stimulated further studies of IOs and produced new theoretical orientations that left room for Realist factors. The modernization of International Relations studies through Regime Theory eventually removed the need to ask historical questions, resulting in short-term studies of IOs, but new approaches such as Constructivism and Historical Institutionalism contributed to studies of long-term change of IOs and critical junctures in history. The main International Relations approach traces the rise of the United Nations System (or, more broadly, IOs) as an instrument of American exceptionalism in the world. This view is being criticized by the paradigmatic turn in the discipline of History in the early 2000s, which has included IOs in its research and relates the creation of IOs to imperial powers such as the United Kingdom and France that wanted to safeguard their empires. These historical studies start in 1919 rather than 1945 and also question International Relations’ Western-centrist universalism by including competing universalisms such as anticolonial nationalism.

scholarly journals Compensation Preferences: The Role of Personality and Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Julian ◽  
Onno Wijngaard ◽  
Reinout E. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
International Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Perceived Utility ◽  
Conservation Values ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The One

The present study investigated relations between personality and values on the one hand and compensation preferences on the other. We hypothesized that HEXACO Honesty-Humility and self-transcendence versus self-enhancement values predict preference for higher relative compensation level and that HEXACO Openness to Experience and openness to change versus conservation values predict preference for compensation variability. Furthermore, we expected perceived utility of money and risk aversion to mediate the respective relations. The hypotheses were tested using a sample of 2,210 employees from a large international organization. The results provided support for the direct and mediated relations between personality and values on the one hand and preferences for compensation variability and level on the other.

Human Rights: Effectiveness of International and Regional Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Par Engstrom
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
International Human ◽  
United Nations System ◽  
The One ◽  
Human Rights Norms ◽  
Nations System

The issue of human rights presents a dilemma for the discipline of international relations (IR) in general and the literature on international institutions in particular. Since international human rights institutions are primarily, but not exclusively, concerned with how states treat their own citizens, they seek to empower individual citizens and groups vis-à-vis their own governments. A major concern is whether such institutions make a difference for the protection and promotion of human rights. This concern has spawned a series of research questions and some major lines of enquiry. The study of human rights regimes has developed at the interface between IR and international law, along with the norms and practices of global human rights institutions. In addition, human rights has been institutionalized globally through the United Nations system and the connections between the development over time of international human rights institutions on the one hand, and their relative effectiveness in shaping human rights behavior on the other. The development and impact of international human rights law and policy have also been influenced by regionalism. While the research on human rights regimes has provided important insights into the role of institutions in narrowing the gap between the rhetoric and practice of human rights, there are crucial areas that need further scholarly attention, such as the domestic actors and institutions that act and could potentially act as “compliance constituencies” and conduits of domestic implementation linking international human rights norms to domestic political and legal institutions and actors.

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